COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

ELECTIVE 5: Communications System

Analysis & Design - Lec

RATINGS:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS

1. During the busy hour, the average calling rate per subscriber of a 1800 line
telephone exchange is 0.75. The holding time per call is 3 minutes. What is the
 total traffic handled by the telephone exchanged during the busy hour? (Answer:
0.0375 erlang)s

Solution: ATOTAL = C x T

3 mins 1 hr
= 0.75 x x
❑ 60 mins

ATOTAL= 0.0375 erlang

2. Calculate the frequency to which a 500 Hz baseband frequency will be

translated, for channel 8 of a group. (Answer: 79.5 kHz)

Soluton: For channel 8:

fc = 112kHz – 4n
= 112kHz – 4(8)
fc = 80 kHz

fout = fc – 500 Hz
fout = 80 kHz – 500 Hz
fout = 79.5kHz

3. A tone measures 75 dBmC at the output of a forwire central office. What will it be
at a local loop that is at -10dB TLP? (Answer: 67dB mC)

4. Calculate the average time to dial the no. 971-9022, using a) dial pulsing with
0.5s interdigit time, and b) DTMF with each digit held down for 0.35s and an
interdigit time of 0.35s. (Answer: 7s, 4.55s)

*PD system
Solution: T = ∑d (h) + (n-1) (t)

= (9 + 7 + 1 + 9 + 10 + 2 + 2) (0.1) + (7 – 1) (0.5)

TPD = 7s
 *DTMF system
T = d(h) + (n-1) (t)

= 7 (0.35) + (7 -1) (0.35)

= 2.45 + 2.1

TDTMF = 4.55s

5. If the total traffic handled by a telephone exchanged is equivalent to 5400 ccs,

what is the total traffic handled in erlangs? (Answer: 150 erlangs)

Solution: 1 Erlang = 36ccs

1 Erlang
5400 ccs x = 150 Erlangs
36 ccs

6. If there a total of 150 calls and the average holding time is 5 minutes per call,
what is the traffic in erlang? (Answer: 12.5 erlangs)

Solution: A=CxT

= 150 x [ 5 mins
❑
x
1 hr
60 mins ]

= 12.5 Erlangs

7. During the busy hour in a telephone system an average at one call out of
hundred calls is cost. Determine the grade of service. (Answer: 0.01)

lost calls
Solution: GOS =
offered calls

1
=
100

GOS = 0.01
8. Calculate the load that can be offered to a switch of capacity 1500 with a mean
holding time of 1000s if the fraction of delayed calls waiting longer than 60s not
to exceed 10%? (Answer: 1462)
Solution: Traffic offered aoffered= λofferedh

9. What frequencies would be generated by a telephone using DTMF signaling,

when the number 7 is pressed? (Answer: 852 Hz and 1209 Hz)

Solution: Low Frequency = 852 Hz

High Frequency = 1209 Hz

10. A telephone signal takes 5 ms to reach its destination. Determine the via net loss
required for an acceptable amount of echo. (Answer: 1.4 dB)

Solution: VnL(dB) = 0.2 ∆t + 0.4 dB

= 0.2 (5) + 0.4

VnL = 1.4dB

11. Calculate the via net loss required for a 7500km cable circuit on which the
average propagation velocity is 67% of the speed of light. (Answer: 7.863 dB)
L
Solution: 3x108(0.67) = 201x106m/s VNL = 0.2 ( )+0.4dB
Vp
1000 m 7.5 x 10 6 m
7500km x = 7.5x106m =0.2 ( )
1 km 201 x 106 m/s
+0.4dB
VNL = 7.863dB
12. A test tone signal power of -65dBm is measured at a -60dBm TLP. The C-
message noise is measures at the same TLP at 5 dBmC. Calculate the following
levels: a) C-message noise relative to reference noise at 0 TLP (0dBmCO), b)
actual C-message noise power level (dBm), c) signal power relative to TLP
(dBmO), and d) S/N ration (dB) (Answer: 65dBmCO, -85 dBm, -5dBmO, 20 dB)