https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.

gov/pmc/articles/PMC6257947/

COLOR BLIND

Common terms are abnormal color vision, color deficiency and color
vision confusion. Females maybe be effected by color blindness, but
usually they are just carriers. Males are more often affected. About 8% of
males and 0.5% of females are effected by color blindness. 

Although it is not a huge problem in today’s society, color

blindness can be a problem for many people today. To
many people, the term color blind means that a person
cannot see color at all. This is a huge misconception and
is not true at all. In reality, being color blind means that a
person cannot see certain colors. When viewing the
world, many colors appear dull or discolored. Although
this does not affect the normal functions of the human
body, it can be a problem for young children learning
how to identify colors. Being color blind may not be a
huge problem for people today, but research and study
still needs to be done in order for people to truly
understand this amazing genetic disorder. 
Color blindness is usually congenital. Congenital color blindness affects about
eight in 100 males and four in 1,000 females of the human population
Read more at https://www.philstar.com/business/science-and-
environment/2010/10/14/620389/an-absence-vision-first-
sort#QmagqA4fH7V5tLfB.99

SOLUTION:
“universal designs”
-use combinations of colors that the colorblind have difficulty with.
-For example, in Tokyo with its multiplicity of subway lines, boards above the ticket-vending
machines showing the different routes use a variety of colors that not only the colorblind have
trouble in deciphering.
-used for warnings attached to home appliances and on notices in public areas. = has marketed
chalks using a vermillion color for red and a dark color for green to show a clearer difference.

the vision of most color-blind people is normal in all other respects and certain
adaptation methods are all that is required.

Any color designation can be supplemented with a caption or an

icon so that the object preserves its function no matter what
happens with colors. For example, because protanopia leads to
an inability to see red color, it becomes difficult to correct form
if designer uses only red to indicate mistakes. A better solution
is to supplement color with a caption or an icon.
GUIDELINES: https://www.invisionapp.com/design-defined/principles-of-design/#contrast

CONCERN:
 to conceal the impairment to avoid discrimination.

GOAL:
providing barrier-free facilities is a social obligation, the situation has improved somewhat in
recent years, spurred on by the aging of society. So-called "universal designs" for facilities
usable by all people have become widespread.

PROBLEM:
Colour blind people face many difficulties in everyday life which normally sighted
people just aren’t aware of. Problems can arise in even the simplest of activities
including choosing and preparing food, gardening, sport, driving a car and
selecting which clothes to wear. Colour blind people can also find themselves in
trouble because they haven’t been able to pick up a change in someone’s mood by
a change in colour of their face, or not noticed their child getting sunburnt.

Colour blindness can affect access to education, exam grades and career choice.

Worldwide relatively little research has been done into the effects of colour
blindness in everyday life. This is because until now the general population has
been unaware of the difficulties that colour blindness can cause on a daily basis.
Society has therefore on the whole treated colour blind people no differently to
people with normal colour vision. This needs to change – colour blind people learn
to manage but this doesn’t mean that their needs can be ignored.

Colour Blind Awareness aims to increase awareness of the needs of colour

blind people in everyday life. A few areas of industry, transport services and the
armed forces are probably the only areas where it is accepted that colour blindness
could potentially cause problems and it is recognised that there are certain types of
job which the colour blind are not suited to, mostly for safety reasons. In most
instances an employer must take reasonable steps to accommodate employees with
CVD.

-Lack of awareness of the effects of their disability

-colour blindness can be a Special Educational Need and a disability but
provides no advice or support for schools, teachers and parents.

-Teachers are not given any training on the issue of colour blindness or upon
how to treat colour blind children in a school environment. 

-Colour blind children can face discrimination

-
-accommodate employees with CVD

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES:

This study raised awareness about color blindness among the population, and enlightened affected individuals
on possible career options. Congenital color blindness cannot be treated; therefore, early diagnosis, education,
and awareness of this condition can guide young Filipino males who are interested in occupations that require
good color perception. The Philippines is a known major supplier of skilled maritime workers all over the world,
and many young males dream of a career in the maritime industry. Unfortunately, ophthalmologists often have
the unpleasant task of informing applicants that they could not be given clearance for such employment because
they were color blind. Frustration and disappointment could be prevented if those affected have known their
condition early on. They could opt for other careers instead.

To be inclusive, schools and businesses should ensure any information given in colour is also given in another way such as text labels,
symbols and patterns.

Read more: https://metro.co.uk/2019/01/22/photos-show-how-colour-blind-people-see-the-world-8373841/?ito=twitter&fbclid=IwAR1_-

UP1I-uUVW7brn3JOhuDR_MhGciAhMZzXFIAiktUCKJ1AnmNNZoMSpc?ito=cbshare
Twitter: https://twitter.com/MetroUK | Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/MetroUK/

106,512,074
50.4% males versus 49.6% females

53682085.296 =536,820 male with

Male-

CVD
Female-52190916.26 = 52,190
female with CVD
HISTORY:

Color blindness appears early in the history of

science
and has intrigued a number of prominent
intellectuals and
scientists over the ages [3, 18]. The first
serious account of
color blindness is attributed to the famous
British chemist
John Dalton in 1798, who self-analyzed his own
color vision
deficiency [16]. The term color blindness was
introduced by Sir David Brewster – the
inventor of the kaleidoscope – to
describe various types of defective color
perception at the
start of the 18
th

century [5].

DATA

Spatial awareness is the ability to be aware of oneself in space. It is an organised

knowledge of objects in relation to oneself in that given space. Spatial awareness also
involves understanding the relationship of these objects when there is a change of position.
 BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE AND FINE ARTS
CITY OF MALOLOS, BULACAN

RM 423: RESEARCH METHODS IN ARCHITECTURE

TITLE: “PERS-HUE-AID”: CREATING A COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT FOR

PEOPLE WITH COLOR DEFICIENCY THROUGH RESPONSIVE/SPATIAL
APPROACH

SUBMITTED BY:
SURIO, GIL MAYNARD M.
2015-163685

BSAR – 4E

SUBMITTED TO:
AR. MARK OXLEY ENRIQUEZ
INSTRUCTOR
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

A. The Problem and its’ Setting

a. Background of the Study:

Colour blind people face many difficulties in everyday life which normally
sighted people just aren’t aware of. The existing environment in the Philippines does
not exemplify the required condition for the colour blind person relative to their
needs. With contributing factor such as Inconsideration of visuals, and mismatch
environment to the normal one, the considerations of the colour blind are not
accounted thereby affecting their behaviour which is considered crucial to their
learning and development. Lack of

Today, the population with colour blind is increasing since Color Blindness is most
commonly the result of hereditary reception of a genetically defective

The study aims to

The first scientific paper about colour blindness was written

by John Dalton in 1793 entitled “Extraordinary facts relating to the
vision of colours“. Dalton himself was red-green colour-blind and as
a scientist he took interest in this topic. He claimed, that
a coloured liquid inside the eyeball is the source for a different
colour perception. This was proved wrong only after his death, when
his eyes were examined and no such liquid was found. After that
Thomas Young and Hermann von Helmholtz were the first who
described the trichromatic colour vision. And once a theory for
human colour vision was ready, the basics of colour vision
deficiency weren’t far away.

1- Problem and concerns

2- Present scenario -)

3-why is it necessary to conduct study

4-Historical background

5-deeper and clearer understanding

6-Study locale
7-Wrap up

b. Statement of the Problem

Colour blind people face many difficulties in everyday life which normally
sighted people just aren’t aware of. The existing environment in the Philippines does
not exemplify the required condition for the colour blind person relative to their
needs. With contributing factor such as Inconsideration of visuals, and mismatch
environment to the normal one, the considerations of the colour blind are not
accounted thereby affecting their behaviour which is considered crucial to their
learning and development. The lack of accommodation is one of the reason, In
terms of desired visual needs of colour blind person in consideration of the required
condition to achieve physical comfort. Next is Lack of community awareness of
the effects of their disability, colour blindness can be a Special Educational Need
and a disability but provides no advice or support in their environment. Lastly is

SUB PROBLEMS:
1. How to address the required visual needs of colour blind person in consideration
of the required condition to achieve physical comfort?

2. How to exemplify the required condition for colour blinded person relative to their
perception which will aid their learning and environment?

3. -Lack of awareness of the effects of their disability

-colour blindness can be a Special Educational Need and a disability but
provides no advice or support for their environment.

4. EXISTING CONDITION- Where the people who has normal vision and color
deficiency are together.

ACCOMODATION- to provide with something desired, needed, or suited/

2. How to exemplify the required condition for colour blinded person relative to their
perception which will aid their learning and environment?
Visual Environment
- Visual environment are not attuned to color blinded vision
GOALS OF THE STUDY

The study aims to develop new design guidelines and principles for
comfortable environment that will attuned the special needs of colour blind
people in considerations of their visual and space perception. It will address
the visual sensitivity of the colour blind person to achieve comfort in all
aspects which is necessary in improving their

OBJECTIVES:
LACK OF ACCOMODATION- To develop studies on how to address the ease
and comfort of the colour blind people in their environment in consideration
with visual treatment.

STRATEGIES:
1.Conduct studies on colour blind people visual acuity and examine how the
present visual environment affect their behaviour.

2.