International Conference on Science and Engineering for Sustainable Development (ICSESD-2017) (www.jit.org.

in)
International Journal of Civil, Mechanical and Energy Science (IJCMES) Special Issue-1
https://dx.doi.org/10.24001/ijcmes.icsesd2017.27 ISSN: 2455-5304

Design and fabrication of River Waste Cleaning

Machine
Mr. P. M. Sirsat1, Dr. I. A. Khan2, Mr. P. V. Jadhav3, Mr. P. T. Date4
1,2,3,4
Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Priyadarshi College of Engineering, Nagpur, India

Abstract — This paper emphasis on design and IV. CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
fabrication details of the river waste cleaning machine. PRINCIPLE
The work has done looking at the current situation of our The machine consists of collecting plate
national rivers which are dump with crore litres of coupled with conveyor belt and chain drives which rotate
sewage and loaded with pollutants, toxic materials, by the PMDC motor. The collected waste is thrown on
debris etc. The government of India has taken charge to the collecting tray. Propeller is used to drive the machine
clean rivers and invest huge capital in many river on the river & run with help of PMDC motor. The total
cleaning projects like “Namami Gange”, ‘’Narmada electrical devices are controlled by RF transmitter and
Bachao’’ and many major and medium projects in receiver which use to control the machine remotely..
various cities like Ahmadabad, Varanasi etc.
By taking this into consideration, this machine has V. DESIGN CALCULATIONS
designed to clean river water surface. Motor Calculation
Keywords— Sewage, pollutants, toxic, garbage & Motor Specifications
pollution. Speed =30 Rpm
Volt = 12 v
I. INTRODUCTION Watts = 18 w
Conventional methods used for collection of floating Current = 1.5 A
waste are manual basis or by means of boat, thrash Electrical (electric) power equation:
skimmers etc. and deposited near the shore of rivers. Power, P =
These methods are risky, costly and time consuming. By Where,
considering all the parameters of river surface cleaning Voltage, V = 12 Volt
systems and eliminating the drawback of the methods Power, P = 18 Watt
used earlier, the remote operated river cleaning machine Current, I=18/12=1.5 A
has designed which helps in river surface cleaning Power = 0.02414 HP.
effectively, efficiently and eco-friendly. Torque of the motor
The “River waste cleaning machine” is used where there T = 5252 *H.P / rpm
is waste debris in the water body which are to be =5.722 N-m
removed. This machine consists of DC motors, RF Water wheel (Smaller Chain)
transmitter and receiver, propeller, PVC pipes and chain No of teeth on the sprocket, T = 17
drive with the conveyor attached to it for collecting Speed of motor, N=30 rpm
wastage, garbage & plastic wastages from water bodies. Speed of sprocket = 24.8 rpm
Outside diameter of the sprocket, D = 88 mm
II. PROBLEM STATEMENT Pitch circle diameter of the sprocket, Dp = 84 mm.
To design a remote operated machine to clean river Centre distance, C= 320mm.
surface effectively, efficiently and eco-friendly. To find
1) Design Power.
III. OBJECTIVE 2) Pitch line Velocity.
To overcome the difficulty of removing waste particulate 3) Length of the chain.
floating on water surface.
Solution
Design Power, (Pd)
Pd =

www.ijcmes.com Page | 1
 International Conference on Science and Engineering for Sustainable Development (ICSESD-2017) (www.jit.org.in)
International Journal of Civil, Mechanical and Energy Science (IJCMES) Special Issue-1
https://dx.doi.org/10.24001/ijcmes.icsesd2017.27 ISSN: 2455-5304
= =21.6 W =0.0216 kW = 0.028 HP Design Power, (Pd)
Where, Pr= Rated Power.
Load Factor, Kl = 1.2 for uniform load at 24 hr/day = 18 1.2 =21.6 W =0.0216 kW = 0.028 HP
service. Where, Pr = Rated power,
Load Factor, Kl= 1.2 for uniform load at 24 hr/day
Pitch Line Velocity, (Vp) service.
Selecting minimum no. of teeth on sprocket as T= 17
Pitch diameter of sprockets, Dp Pitch Line Velocity, (Vp)
Dp = Selecting minimum no. of teeth on sprocket as T= 23
Pitch diameter, Dp
p=
Dp =
p=
p =Dp
p= 15.43 mm
p = 15.875 mm (Standard pitch) p = 106
Vp= = = 8.29 m/min = 0.13 m/sec p = 14.43 mm
p = 15.875 mm (standard pitch)
Power capacity of roller chain
Vp= = = 10.36 m/min =0.17 m/sec
P=
Capacity Factor, Kc = 1 for single strands
Power capacity of roller chain
P=
=
Capacity Factor, Kc = 1 for single strands
=
= 0.2612 Kw = 0.3501 HP
1
Total Power = 0.3002 Kw = 0.4024 HP
Total Power = Power per strand no. of strands
= 0.3501 1 = 0.3501 HP Total Power
0.3501 HP > 0.028 HP Total Power = Power per strand no. of strands
Hence, design is safe. = 0.4024 1 = 0.4024 HP
Since, 0.4024 HP > 0.028 HP
Length of the chain (Lp) Hence, design is safe.
Lp= p
Length of the chain (Lp)
= Lp = p
= 58.4776 mm = 902.300 mm =90.23cm
= 14.13

Net Conveyor (Longer Chain) = 147.74 14.43 =2131.89 mm = 213.19 cm

Parameters taken from standard specification of sprocket
No. of teeth on the sprocket, T= 23 Spur Gear
Speed of motor, N=30 rpm Motor Specifications: DC Motor
Speed of sprocket = 24.8 rpm Power, P= 15.6 Watt
Outside diameter of the sprocket, D= 110 mm Speed, N= 30 rpm
Pitch circle diameter of the sprocket, Dp= 106 mm. Voltage, V= 12 V
Centre distance, C= 900 mm. Current, I= 1.3 A.
To find
1) Design Power. Design Power, Pd
2) Pitch line Velocity. Pd =Pr Kl
3) Length of the chain. Where,
Solution

www.ijcmes.com Page | 2
 International Conference on Science and Engineering for Sustainable Development (ICSESD-2017) (www.jit.org.in)
International Journal of Civil, Mechanical and Energy Science (IJCMES) Special Issue-1
https://dx.doi.org/10.24001/ijcmes.icsesd2017.27 ISSN: 2455-5304
Pr = Rated power; Endurance strength, Seb= 84 MPa
Kl = Load factor for light shock
Pd= 15.6 1.25 Hence, Design is safe.
Pd = 19.5 Watt. Gear Ratio

Tooth Load, Ft
Tooth Load,
Ft =
= 15 .rp.m.
where,
Vp = Pitch Line velocity = 3 m/s Torque, T = = 2.925 N.

Tooth Load, Ft = = 6.5 N. Power, P = = = 0.5 Watt

Bending strength of spur gear, FB

Material of Spur Gear: Ordinary Cast Iron. VI. ADVANTAGES & LIMITATIONS
Bending strength by Lewis Equation, FB Advantages
FB = 1) Initial & maintenance cost is less.
2) It is very useful for small as well as big lake, rivers
where,
where garbage is present in large amount.
Basic strength, So= 56 Mpa for ordinary cast iron.
3) Easy replacement and installation of various parts
Velocity factor,Cv= 0.5.
4) Skill worker not required to drive the system self
Module, m= 3 mm
propel.
Face width of the gear, b= 10 m = 30 mm.
5) Environment friendly system.
Modified Lewis form factor, y= 0.485- = 0.366 Limitations
FB = 1) The waste collecting capacity of machine is limited
= at a time.
2) This machine is able to collect the waste which is
= 922.32 N
only floating on water level.
Dynamic Load
VII. FUTURE SCOPE
Fd = Ft + 1) The machine can be designed for deep cleaning
2) Solar panel can be used for providing power to the
= 2.68 +
machine.
= 1829.632 N 3) Capacity of the machine can be increased for
where, cleaning big rivers and lakes.
deformation factor, C= 5900
Error in profile, e=0.02 VIII. CONCLUSIONS
Face width of thr gear, b= 30 mm. The project “ River Waste Cleaning Machine” has
designed which is very much economical, easy to operate
Limiting Wear Strength and helpful for water cleaning and it can be modified with
Fw = more cleaning capacity and efficiency
Fw =
REFERENCES
= 2661.64 N
[1]Prof. Ketan V. Dhande, “Design and fabrication of
Where, Pitch diameter of pinion, Dp= 36 mm
river cleaning system”, ‘International Journal of
Load stress factor, K= 1.853.
Modern trends in Engineering and Research’ Volume
Q= = = 1.33 4, Issue 2 [February- 2017], ISSN (PRINT): 2393-
8161.
Endurance Strength [2]Prof. Ajay Dhumal, “Study of river harvesting and
Fen = trash cleaning machine” ‘International Journal of
Innovative Research in Science and Engineering’,
= = 92.232 N
Volume 2, Issue 3 [March-2016] ISSN: 2454-9665.
where,

www.ijcmes.com Page | 3
 International Conference on Science and Engineering for Sustainable Development (ICSESD-2017) (www.jit.org.in)
International Journal of Civil, Mechanical and Energy Science (IJCMES) Special Issue-1
https://dx.doi.org/10.24001/ijcmes.icsesd2017.27 ISSN: 2455-5304
[3]Prof. N. G. Jogi. “Efficient lake garbage collector by
using pedal operated boat”, ‘International Journal of
Modern trends in Engineering and Research’,
Volume 02, Issue 04 [April-2016] ISSN: 2455-1457.
[4] B. D. Shiwalkar, “Design data for machine
elements”,2013 Edition, Denett& Co. pp.203.
[5] S. K. Hajra Choudhury, A. K. Hajra Choudhury,
NirjharRoy, “Manufacturing Processes”, Volume- I,
14th Edition, Media Promoters & Publisher Pvt. Ltd.
pp 373.

www.ijcmes.com Page | 4