PRINCIPLE OF ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONICS BEKG

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Tutorial 1: Introduction to Electrical System

Part 1

Task 1:

 Define the following terms:

o Free electrons
o Electric current
o Positive charge
o Negative charge

Task 2:

 Explain the concept of electrical charge.

 Explain the definition of the Coulomb’s Law.
 Provide the equation that represents the charge.

Task 3:

 Define voltage and discuss its characteristics and provides the equation for the voltage.
 Help your friend in understand the process of the potential difference by providing an analogy
to the process.
 Give some examples related to the calculation of voltage.

Task 4:

 Define current and discuss its characteristics and provide the equation related to the current.
 Provide an analogy to show the process of current flows happen to help your friends
understand better.

Task 5:

 Name the instrument for measuring current, voltage and resistance, and then briefly explain
how to use that instrument to measure them.

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Task 6:

 Explain how an ohmmeter is able to measure the resistance of a component when there is no
battery or other source of power connected to it.
 Suppose we needed to determine the resistance of the light bulb in this circuit, while energized
but we cannot simply connect an ohmmeter to an energized circuit, so how is it possible to
obtain the resistance measurement we desire?

Part 2

1. Explain;
i) magnetic flux iv) reluctance of a material
ii) magnetic flux density v) magnetomotive force
iii) permeability of a material

2. List five statements to describe the behaviour of magnetic lines of force.

3. Draw a typical field pattern for the magnetic situations in Figure 1. Indicate directions of flux lines
with arrows.

N S S N S N S N

Figure 1

4. Draw magnetic field lines around the conductors in Figure 2 and indicate direction with arrows.

Figure 2

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5. If a pole piece has a cross-sectional area of 0.005 m2 and is emitting 1Wb of flux:
i. How many lines of flux are involved?
ii. What is the flux density?
6. With the aid of appropriate diagrams, explain electromagnetic induction.
7. How much induced emf results if a coil of 500 turns is cut at a rate of 10 Wb per second?
8. What is the magnetic field intensity of a coil having 1500 turns per meter when the current
through that coil is 3 amperes?
9. How many lines of flux are represented by 4 Wb?
10. With the aid of appropriate diagrams, describe the two Faraday’s observation regarding the
electromagnetic induction.
11. A magnetic flux of 400 W passing through a coil of 1200 turns is reversed in 0.1s. Calculate the
average value of the emf induced in the coil.
12. A coil is uniformly wound on a toroid core as shown. At I =2A, calculate

i) Magnetomotive force (mmf)

ii) Flux density
iii) The reluctance of the magnetic flux path
iv) Magnetic field intensity
13. State Faraday’s law in your own words.
14. State Lenz’s law in your own words.
15. Explain the mutual inductance of a transformer.
16. A 100kVA, 4000/200V, 50Hz single phase transformer has 100 secondary turns. Determine
i. The primary and secondary current
ii. The number of primary turns
17. Figure 3 shows a step-up transformer with the ratio of 50:200. If the voltage supply is 140V and
the load is 20k, determine:
i) the transformation ratio
ii) the secondary voltage
iii) the secondary current
iv) the primary current

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Figure 3