Lecture 13: translation 1

1. The process from DNA to more DNA is called?

2. The process from DNA to RNA is called?
3. The process from RNA to DNA is called?
4. The process from RNA to protein?
5. What are the 2 terms for sequences of 3 nucleotides?
6. Each sequence codes for what?
7. In what direction do we read those codons? What is this
feature called where they cannot be read in two directions?
8. What does the feature non-punctuated mean?
9. How many possible codons exist?
10.How many amino acids can be encoded?
11.What is the start codon? And what amino acid does it code
for?
12.How many codons specify for amino acids? What about the
others? What are they (list them)?
13.What does the feature unambiguous mean?
14.What does degeneracy mean? What is its importance?
15.Why is this genetic code said to be almost universal?
16.Is it necessary for an amino acid to only have 1 codon?
17.In what 2 cases are codons the similar?
18.Reminder that they may give you a DNA sequence and ask
you to give the mRNA, tRNA, and amino acid sequences.
(check tuto)
19.What types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis?
20.What is the DNA strand that mRNA is complementary to?
21.Where is mRNA synthesised?
22.What is the role of mRNA?
23.Why decodes or translates the message on mRNA?
24.What is tRNA called? (another term)
25.What is the function of tRNA?
26.What is the part of tRNA that sticks to the codon?
27.How many tRNAs a cell must contain at least?
28.What does the Wobble thing mean?
29.How many nucleotides does a tRNA have? (give both the
range and the average).
30.Is the primary structure of tRNA single or double stranded?
31.What are examples of modified nucleotides in tRNA?
32.Is secondary structure of tRNA base-paired or single-stranded?
33.What featured structures does tRNA have?
34.To what does a secondary structure of tRNA resemble?
35.What end is the amino acid attached?
36.Where is the anticodon located?
37.How are tRNAs named? Give an example to explain (Phe)?
38.Flexibility in base pairing is in which end of tRNA? What is
this feature called? Its importance (feature)?
39.Where is the wobble position located in the codon?
40.Give wobble examples oof each nucleotide and what nucleotides
it can pair up with?