Project Name

DHARA – Access to Safe and Clean Drinking Water

Organization Information
Nepal Environment and Sustainable Agriculture
Name of the Organization
Foundation (NESAF)
Type of Organization Non-profit making and service providing
Organization Registration Number 119630/070/071
SWC Affiliation number 47062 Affiliation date January 12, 2018
Key Person’s Name Bibhuti Bista, Executive Director
Telephone 01-4331314, 9841-322548
Contact Details Address Tyanglaphat, Kirtipur - 1
Email info@nesaf.org.np

Bibhuti Bista
Executive Director
NESAF

Tyanglaphant, Kirtipur-1, Tel: +977-4331314 email: info@nesaf.org.np

Kathmandu web: www.nesaf.org.np
 A BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF NESAF

Nepal Environment and Sustainable Agriculture Foundation (NESAF) is a multidisciplinary program

implementation and consulting service providing non-profit making organization registered in 2014
under the company registration act (registration number 119630/070/071) and affiliated with the Social
Welfare Council (affiliation number 47062) in 2018. It is also registered under VAT in 2016 (VAT number
601846320).
It provides services and supports its clients through research and development, project development
and implementation, monitoring and evaluation, training and advocacy, agriculture production and
marketing, and publication and dissemination.
Vision: we envision to be established as a quality service provider
Mission: to provide effective and efficient program implementation and consulting services
Objective: to provide values-based quality services
NESAF is primarily a professional organization managed by experts in the six major areas (research and
development, monitoring and evaluations, design and implementation of projects, agriculture
production and marketing and publication and dissemination). The organization has a simple and clear
organizational structure, financial management system, specific job obligation and professional
reporting and communication procedure. In addition to this, the team manages a strong network and
maintains an updated roster of professionals and experts.
Social Welfare Council (SWC) Affiliation Certificate Organization Registration Certificate VAT Certificate

Our Clients and Partners

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 CONTEXT
The demand of water is gaining momentum day by day. South Asia supports more than 21
percent of the world’s population; it has access to just over eight percent of global water
resources. Water availability is decreasing by nearly 80 percent since 1950s. 1With the decrease
in water availability, countries in South Asia are suffering from access to clean and safe drinking
water. In 1997, water as a basic human need was first and formally recognized at the United
Nations Water Conference in Mar del Plata, Argentina. Agenda 21, that states “everyone had the
right to access drinking water based on their basic need” was adopted at the United Nations
Conference on Environment and Development in 1992, in Rio. 2
Though a small country in terms of its size and coverage, Nepal has a large supply of water in
proportion to its size. There are various sources of drinking water like river/stream, spout water,
tap/piped, tube well/hand pump, well, spring water and other sources3 in context of Nepal.
Because of the complex geographical terrain, in the hills and mountains, access to drinking water
is difficult for many communities, especially in the dry season. Some of the reasons that has been
identified behind the decrease in the quality of water as well as quantity are unplanned
urbanization, increased population pressures, conflict over the limited resources natural disaster
and climate change. Similarly, drinking water pollution through iron and arsenic contamination
has become a significant problem in Terai regions.
Since the Forth Five-Year Plan (1970 – 1975), a systematic and planned development programs
of public water supply and sanitation projects have been launched. The main focus is still on
coverage of more areas. However, quality of water, sufficient availability of water, equality in
access to water sources, lack of water induced conflicts and sustainability of water resources are
still to be addressed. To address such issues Nepal requires policies, legislation, and institutional
arrangements for compliance and regular monitoring.
This has to be followed by line agencies, donors, INGOs and developmental institutions in order
to provide clean and safe drinking water for the people of Nepal.4 Nepal has targeted for the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the goal number 6 is to ensure availability and
sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
While developing the project ‘DHARA – access to safe and clean drinking water’ two major
aspects were closely analysed. First the SDG 6 and local level (Annual Municipality Plan) of
Beshisahar Municipality of Lamjung. From the SDGs: goal 6, targets 6.1, 6.4, and 6.B has been
adhered and at local level, Besisahar Municipality of Lamjung district’s annual plan where
prioritization of ‘one house one tap’ and the statement in WASH ’clean water and hygienic
behavior, base for sustainable development’ were highly considered during the proposal
developing stage.

1
Retrieved fromhttp://asiafoundation.org/2015/03/25/south-asias-water-crisis-a-problem-of-scarcity-amid-abundance/(accessed
on August 24, 2019)
2
Water Aid in Nepal (2012) Water source conflict in Nepal: A right to water perspective
3
Census, 2011 value. Retrieved fromhttp://dataforall.org/dashboard/nepalcensus/(accessed on August 24, 2019)
4
Retrieved and narrated from http://www.wash-rcnn.net.np/drinking-water-policies-and-quality-issues-in-nepal
(accessed on August 26, 2019)
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 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Access to clean and safe drinking water is limited for most households in rural part of Lamjung.
In most parts of the hills and mountains springs and small streams and year-round surface water
is scarce. Because of scarcity of water, women and girls must often walk long distances every day
to get water for their families. People from the Dalit or untouchable caste are not allowed by
religious and social custom to take water from the same source as other members of the
community, adding to their social and economic disadvantages. Many studies have suggested
that water scarcity is a crucial reason for the increase in conflict over water sources in
communities. In some cases, the conflict can be easily seen, whereas, in others it is less obvious
(conflicting political beliefs).
Climate change is another area in which a serious attention is lacking within Nepal. Its impact on
the country’s water resources has yet to be clearly understood. In findings of various studies, the
effects of climate change were also cited as a reason behind the reduced quantity of water
available in Nepal. For instance, various sources of water across the country, such as rivers,
springs, well, spout waters have gone dry. Additionally, climate change has adversely affected
the temporal and seasonal availability of water this has led to situations where there is an excess
supply of water when it is not required and scarcity when demand for it is high.
While selecting the location for project implementation, Chiti -11, of the municipality has been
identified as this has been cited under category ‘C’ by the local government. The available
literature suggests that this part lacks the basic infrastructure facilities as well as lack of personal,
household and community’s access to safe and clean drinking water. However, all the households
could not be selected under the project, nearly 780 households with a total population of nearly
3,900 (5 members/household) will be selected for the initial implementation of the project.
Source of water that could be tapped and develop a collection-distribution mechanism is
identified as Chisapani and Thotne khola5 whose source is spring and small streams.
GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND RESULTS
The overall goal of this proposed project is to provide potable drinking water through an
improved WASH facility.
The main objective of this project is to support one house one tap system
The results of this project are:
1. Engineering design
2. Construction of intake and collection chambers
3. Transmission and distribution pipes
4. Each selected house has one tap
5. Bio – sand filter in the households
6. Trained construction, maintenance and plumbing workers

5
Khola is a small river
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 TARGET GROUPS

The target group of this proposed project are the family members of the selected 780
households. The selected households will be inclusive and no one will be left behind regardless
of their caste and ethnicity. The direct beneficiaries will be girls and women who have the
primary responsibility of fetching water. In addition to this all members of the family will have
access to clean and safe drinking water, water for fulfilling their daily needs like, cooking food
and cleaning kitchen utensils, bathing, and water for animals to mention a few.

PROPOSED PLAN

The duration of the project will for 19 months with startup phase of six months, construction
phase of 12 months and hand over and exit phase of one month.
Startup phase: During this phase planning, staff hiring, consultation, baseline, and detail
feasibility study including engineering design will be carried out.
Construction Phase: A total of 12 months has been allocated for the construction works. It is also
to assure the quality of the work, consistency in the construction. During this phase, pre-training,
and construction of inlets and reservoir tanks (up to 6), standard sized water taps, and bio-sand
filters for each household will be provided. We have allocated this time (10 months+2 months)
inclusive of safety time. As the geographical terrain and rain or other natural calamities possibly
delay the construction. In addition to these factors, festivals and agriculture practices to some
extent might delay the second phase.
Exit phase: For the sustainability of the structures as an exit plan a local “Dhara User’s
Committee” will be formed during the startup of the project. The same local committee will be
responsible for the maintenance and smooth functioning of the structures. In addition to this,
the proposed project is to aid upon the Municipality’s plan of one house one tap movement, the
local government will also be accountable for the sustainability.
Quality control: NESAF will develop an internal quality control mechanism (IQCM) to assure the
quality of work before, during and after the construction and also to assure the After
Construction Service (ACS). To maintain the quality of work the construction company at the
beginning will need to produce bank guarantee of 10% of the value of construction phase. The
guarantee will be released after a year if there will be no major fault in the construction because
of the quality and company will directly involve in maintenance. In addition to that a letter from
the municipality and local committee about the successful completion of work will be also
required to release the bond. However, this will not be applicable in case of natural calamities
like land slide, earthquake.
Follow-up, Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E): NESAF has a strong M&E framework, team of
experts, and quarterly reflection meetings to interpret and incorporate results. The high-quality
monitoring and evaluation of projects help assess the process and results of the activities,

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maximize the effectiveness of our project. The monitoring system enables NESAF to ensure that
all deliverables are being met within the stipulated time frame.

SHORT AND LONG TERM IMPACT

The short term impact of the project will be personal, household and community’s access to safe
and clean drinking water. The long term impact will be decrease or reduced water born disease,
improved in health of the family members, involvement in income generation activities because
of time saved when the beneficiary does not need to travel a distance to fetch water.

PROPOSED BUDGET

For the entire project we propose:

Description Currency Amount

1. For the “DHARA – Access to Safe and Clean Drinking NPR. 135,687,867.11
water” project to be implemented in Chiti-11, of
Besisahar Municipality, Lamjung district (1.9 years’
project).
Total price NPR. 135,687,867.11

In words: Rupees Thirteen Crore Fifty-Six Lakhs Eighty-Seven Thousand Eight Hundred Sixty-Seven and
11/100 paisa.