EXPERIMENT NO 1:

PREPARATION OF SUSTAIN RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF

DICLOFENAC SODIUM USING HPMC
APPARATUS:
Pestle and mortar, Test tube , Beaker ,Petriplates , Oven, Sieves

INGREDIENTS:
Composition (mg/tablet)
HPMC K 1500 250
Diclofenac sodium 100
Tragacanth Gum 45
Magnesium stearate 5
Lactose 50

PROCEDURE:
To evaluate HPMC as sustain release biomaterial, tablets containing diclofenac sodium were
formulated. Seiving of HPMC, active drug materials and lactose was carried out through
sieve no. 40 and then mixing was accompanied by trituration to form a uniform blend,
followed by wetting with solution of tragacanth gum in water to prepare damp mass that was
sieved through sieve no 12 to prepare coarse granules. Drying of these coarse granules was
carried out at 45 Celsius in hot air oven for 7 h, passed through sieve no 20, lubricate with
magnesium stearate. Granules (400±10mg) for DS were compressed on rotary press,
equipped with 11mm flat stainless steel punches.Thickness and hardness of tablets were
evaluated for weight variation,hardness,thickness,friability and drug content uniformity
before performing dissolution studies.

EVALUATION OF GRANULES:
Pre compression test:
ANGLE OF REPOSE:
In order to evaluate flow properties of QH powder angle of repose was calculated by means
of fixed funnel method (Lachman, 1987). Granules were allowed to flow through funnel
fixed at an appropriate height (3 cm) until the apex of powder heap just touches the funnels
lower tip. The radius (r) and height (h) of the heap were noted and calculation of angle of
repose (Ɵ) was made by using Eq. 1
tan ∅=h/r

Angle of repose= tan-1(h/r)

BULK AND TAP DENSITY:
Evaluation of bulk density of granules and powder prior to granulation was made by using
tapping method (Lachman, 1987). Bulk density was calculated by noting volume occupied by
accurately weighed amount of powder/ granules (1g) in graduated cylinder (10 mL) (Eq. 2)
Whereas tap density of granules/powder was assessed by the volume occupied by QH powder
after tapping cylinder for 100 times by using Eq. 3
WG
Db=
V b
W
Dt =
Vt

Where, D b and D t represent bulk and tap densities, while V b and V t denote bulk and tap
volume of powder in cylinder respectively and W is the weight of granules taken in cylinder.
CARR’S COMPRESSIBILITY INDEX:
Carr’s compressibility index od powder is used to understand its compressibility.carr’s index
was calculated by using E.q 4 (Wells and Aulton, 1988).
Db
Carr’s index (C) =[1- ] × 100
Dt

Where, Db is bulk density and D t is tap density, respectively.

HAUSNER RATIO:
Hausner ratio is the ratio of tap density of powder to its bulk density and it was calculated by
using E.q 5 (Wells, 1988).
Db
Hausner ratio (H) =
Dt

Where, Db is bulk density and D t is tap density, respectively while H denotes Hausner ratio.

RESULTS:
Angle of repose:
r= 3.8cm
h= 1.5cm
tan ∅=h/r

Angle of repose= tan-1(h/r)

= tan-1 1.5/3.8

∅= 21
 Since angle of repose is 21 so powder flow is excellent.
Bulk density:
Bulk density= Mass / Volume
Bulk density= 1.7/ 10.3
Bulk density= 0.16 g/ml
Tapped density:
Tapped density= Mass / Volume
Tapped density= 1.7/ 9.8
Tapped density= 0.405 g/ml
= 0.17 g/ml
Carr’s Index:
Carr’s Index= Tapped density – Bulk density / tapped density ×100
Carr’s index = 0.17 – 0.16 / 0.17 ×100
Carr’s Index = 5.9
 Since Carr’s index id 5.9 so powder flow is excellent.
Hausner Ratio:
Hausner ratio = Tapped density / Bulk density
Hausner ratio = 0.17 / 0.16
Hausner ratio =1.1