Formula’s of Sand Replacement Method

For Cone Calibration

𝑾𝟏 = Weight of Sand Apparatus before Filling of Cone
𝑾𝟐 = Weight of Sand Apparatus after Filling of Cone
𝑾𝑪 = Weight of Cone = W1 – W2 (Usually 1700g to 1750g)

γ𝒔𝒂𝒏𝒅 = Unit Weight of Sand (Value = 1.367 g/cc)

Main Test Calculations

𝑾𝒔 = Weight of Sample Excavated from Hole
𝑾𝟑 = Weight of Sand Apparatus before Filling of Hole
𝑾𝟒 = Weight of Sand Apparatus after Filling of Hole
𝑾𝒔𝒂𝒏𝒅 = Weight of Sand = 𝑊3 - 𝑊4 - 𝑊𝑐
Weight of Sand Wsand
𝑽𝒉 = Volume of Hole = =
Volume of Hole γsand

Weight of Sample Ws
γ𝑾𝒆𝒕 = Wet Density of Excavated sample = =
Unit Weight of Sand Vh
𝑊𝑒𝑡 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 γ𝑊𝑒𝑡
γ𝑫𝒓𝒚 = Dry Density of Excavated Sample = =
1+ Moisture Content of Sample 1+w

γ𝑴𝑫𝑫 = Maximum Dry Density/ Lab Density, which is obtained from Lab
𝐷𝑟𝑦 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒
Compaction Percentage = 𝑥 100
Lab Density or Maximum Dry Density
γ𝑫𝒓𝒚
Compaction Percentage = 𝑥 100
γ𝑴𝑫𝑫