IB Chemistry SL

Semester 1 Exam 2016-2017

PAPER 1
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1. 1.7 g of NaNO3 (Mr = 85) is dissolved in water to prepare 0.20 dm of solution. What is the
–3
concentration of the resulting solution in mol dm ?
A. 0.01 C. 0.2
B. 0.1 D. 1.0

–3
2. How many molecules are present in a drop of ethanol, C 2H5OH, of mass 2.3 × 10 g?
23 –1
(L = 6.0 × 10 mol )
19 20
A. 3.0 × 10 C. 6.0 × 10
20 26
B. 3.0 × 10 D. 6.0 × 10

3 3
3. 5 dm of carbon monoxide, CO(g), and 2 dm of oxygen, O2(g), at the same temperature and pressure
are mixed together. Assuming complete reaction according to the equation given, what is the
3
maximum volume of carbon dioxide, CO2(g), in dm , that can be formed?
2CO(g) + O2(g) → 2CO2
A. 3 C. 5
B. 4 D. 7

3 3 3
4. What volume of sulfur trioxide, in cm , can be prepared using 40 cm sulfur dioxide and 20 cm
oxygen gas by the following reaction? Assume all volumes are measured at the same temperature and
pressure.
2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)
A. 20 C. 60
B. 40 D. 80

3 –3 3 –3
5. What volume, in cm , of 0.200 mol dm HCl(aq) is required to neutralize 25.0 cm of 0.200 mol dm
Ba(OH)2(aq)?
A. 12.5 C. 50.0
B. 25.0 D. 75.0

63 65
6. A sample of element X contains 69 % of X and 31 % of X. What is the relative atomic mass of X
in this sample?
A. 63.0 C. 65.0
B. 63.6 D. 69.0

8. Which gives the correct order of these processes in a mass spectrometer?

A. ionization deflection acceleration
B. ionization acceleration deflection
C. acceleration ionization deflection
D. deflection acceleration ionization

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 IB Chemistry SL
7. What is the relative atomic mass of an element with the following mass spectrum?

A. 24 C. 26
B. 25 D. 27

8. Which gives the correct order of these processes in a mass spectrometer?

A. ionization deflection acceleration
B. ionization acceleration deflection
C. acceleration ionization deflection
D. deflection acceleration ionization

9. What is the correct sequence for the processes occurring in a mass spectrometer?
A. vaporization, ionization, acceleration, deflection
B. vaporization, acceleration, ionization, deflection
C. ionization, vaporization, acceleration, deflection
D. ionization, vaporization, deflection, acceleration

10. Which species have the same number of electrons?

2–
I. S
–
II. Cl
III. Ne
A. I and II only C. II and III only
B. I and III only D. I, II and III

11. Which property increases down group 1?

A. First ionization energy C. Reactivity
B. Melting point D. Electronegativity

12. Which pair of elements has the greatest difference in electronegativity?

A. Cs and F C. Cs and Br
B. Cs and Cl D. Cs and I

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 IB Chemistry SL
13. Which property decreases down group 7 in the periodic table?
A. Melting point C. Atomic radius
B. Electronegativity D. Ionic radius

14. An element is in group 4 and period 3 of the periodic table. How many electrons are in the highest
occupied energy level of an atom of this element?
A. 3 C. 12
B. 4 D. 14

15. Which series is arranged in order of increasing radius?

2+ – + 2+ + –
A. Ca < Cl < K C. Ca < K < Cl
+ 2+ – – + 2+
B. K < Ca < Cl D. Cl < K < Ca

16. How do the bond angles in CH4, NH3 and H2O compare?
A. CH4 = NH3 = H2O
B. CH4 < NH3 < H2O
C. NH3 < CH4 < H2O
D. H2O < NH3 < CH4

17. Lewis structures are represented in different ways in different parts of the world. Two ways of
+
drawing the Lewis structure for H3O are shown below.

+
Which statement is correct about H3O ?
A. The ion has a tetrahedral shape.
B. The H–O–H bond angle is 120°.
C. The H–O–H bond angle is 90°.
D. The ion has a trigonal pyramidal shape.

18. Which molecule is polar?

A. CH2Cl2 C. Cl2
B. BCl3 D. CCl4

19. The electronegativities of four different elements are given below (the letters are not their chemical symbols).

Element W X Y Z
Electronegativity 0.9 1.2 3.4 4.0
Based on this information which statement is correct?
A. W is a non-metal.
B. W and X form an ionic compound.
C. Y is a metal.
D. Y and Z form a covalent compound.

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 IB Chemistry SL
20. Which statement is true for compounds containing only covalent bonds?
A. They are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
B. They are made up of metal elements only.
C. They are made up of a metal from the far left of the periodic table and a non-metal from the far
right of the periodic table.
D. They are made up of non-metal elements only.

3 –3 3 –3
21. When 100 cm of 1.0 mol dm HCl is mixed with 100 cm of 1.0 mol dm NaOH, the temperature of
3
the resulting solution increases by 5.0 °C. What will be the temperature change, in °C, when 50 cm of
these two solutions are mixed?
A. 2.5 C. 10
B. 5.0 D. 20

22. Consider the following reactions.

1 O
Cu2O(s) + O2(g) → 2CuO(s) ∆H = –144 kJ
2
O
Cu2O(s) → Cu(s) + CuO(s) ∆H = +11 kJ
O
What is the value of ∆H , in kJ, for this reaction?
1
Cu(s) + O2(g) → CuO(s)
2
A. –144 + 11 C. –144 – 11
B. +144 – 11 D. +144 + 11

23. Which processes have a negative enthalpy change?

I. 2CH3OH(l) + 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 4H2O(l)
II. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
III. H2O(g) → H2O(l)
A. I and II only C. II and III only
B. I and III only D. I, II and III

24. A pure aluminium block with a mass of 10 g is heated so that its temperature increases from 20 °C to
–1 –1 –1
50 °C . The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 8.99 × 10 J g K . Which expression gives the
heat energy change in kJ?
–1
A. 10 × 8.99 × 10 × 303
–1
B. 10 × 8.99 × 10 × 30
10  8.99  10 1  303
C.
1000
10  8.99  10 1  30
D.
1000

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 IB Chemistry SL
25. Identical pieces of magnesium are added to two beakers, A and B, containing hydrochloric acid.
Both acids have the same initial temperature but their volumes and concentrations differ.

Which statement is correct?

A. The maximum temperature in A will be higher than in B.
B. The maximum temperature in A and B will be equal.
C. It is not possible to predict whether A or B will have the higher maximum temperature.
D. The temperature in A and B will increase at the same rate.

PAPER 2
26. The percentage by mass of calcium carbonate in eggshell was determined by adding excess
hydrochloric acid to ensure that all the calcium carbonate had reacted. The excess acid left was then
titrated with aqueous sodium hydroxide.
3 –3
(a) A student added 27.20 cm of 0.200 mol dm HCl to 0.188 g of eggshell. Calculate the amount,
in mol, of HCl added.
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(1)
3 –3
(b) The excess acid requires 23.80 cm of 0.100 mol dm NaOH for neutralization.
Calculate the amount, in mol, of acid that is in excess.
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(1)
(c) Determine the amount, in mol, of HCl that reacted with the calcium carbonate in the eggshell.
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(d) State the equation for the reaction of HCl with the calcium carbonate in the eggshell.
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(2)

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 IB Chemistry SL
(e) Determine the amount, in mol, of calcium carbonate in the sample of the eggshell.
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(f) Calculate the mass and the percentage by mass of calcium carbonate in the eggshell sample.
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(3)
(g) Deduce one assumption made in arriving at the percentage of calcium carbonate in the eggshell
sample.
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(1)
(Total 11 marks)

27. (a) List the following types of electromagnetic radiation in order of increasing wavelength
(shortest first).
I. Yellow light
II. Red light
III. Infrared radiation
IV. Ultraviolet radiation
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(1)
(b) Distinguish between a continuous spectrum and a line spectrum.
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(1)
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 IB Chemistry SL
(c) The thinning of the ozone layer increases the amount of UV-B radiation that reaches the Earth’s
surface.
Type of Radiation Wavelength / nm
UV-A 320–380
UV-B 290–320
Based on the information in the table above explain why UV-B rays are more dangerous than UV-A.
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(3)
(Total 5 marks)

28. Consider the bonding and structure of the period 3 elements.

(a) Explain the increase in the melting point from sodium to aluminium.
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(2)
(b) Explain why sulfur, S8, has a higher melting point than phosphorus, P4.

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(c) Explain why silicon has the highest melting point and argon has the lowest melting point.
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(2)
(Total 6 marks)

29. Ethene, C2H4, and hydrazine, N2H4, are hydrides of adjacent elements in the periodic table.
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 IB Chemistry SL
(a) (i) Draw Lewis (electron dot) structures for C 2H4 and N2H4 showing all valence electrons.

(2)
(ii) State and explain the H–C–H bond angle in ethene and the H–N–H bond angle in hydrazine.
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(5)
(b) The polarity of a molecule can be explained in terms of electronegativity.
(i) Define the term electronegativity.
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(2)
(ii) Compare the relative polarities of the C–H bond in ethene and the N–H bond in hydrazine.
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(1)
(iii) Hydrazine is a polar molecule and ethene is non-polar. Explain why ethene is non-polar.
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(1)
(c) The boiling point of hydrazine is much higher than that of ethene. Explain this difference in
terms of the intermolecular forces in each compound.
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(Total 13 marks)

30. If white anhydrous copper(II) sulfate powder is left in the atmosphere it slowly absorbs water vapour
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 IB Chemistry SL
giving the blue pentahydrated solid.
CuSO4(s) + 5H2O(l) → CuSO4•5H2O(s)
(anhydrous) (pentahydrated)
It is difficult to measure the enthalpy change for this reaction directly. However, it is possible to
measure the heat changes directly when both anhydrous and pentahydrated copper(II) sulfate are
separately dissolved in water, and then use an energy cycle to determine the required enthalpy change
value, ∆Hx, indirectly.

(a) To determine ∆H1 a student placed 50.0 g of water in a cup made of expanded polystyrene and
used a data logger to measure the temperature. After two minutes she dissolved 3.99 g of
anhydrous copper(II) sulfate in the water and continued to record the temperature while
continuously stirring. She obtained the following results.

(i) Calculate the amount, in mol, of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate dissolved in the 50.0 g of water.
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(1)
(ii) Determine what the temperature rise would have been, in °C, if no heat had been lost to
the surroundings.
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(2)
(iii) Calculate the heat change, in kJ, when 3.99 g of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate is dissolved
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 IB Chemistry SL
in the water.
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–1
(iv) Determine the value of ∆H1 in kJ mol .

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(b) To determine ∆H2, 6.24 g of pentahydrated copper(II) sulfate was dissolved in 47.75 g of water.
It was observed that the temperature of the solution decreased by 1.10 °C.
(i) Calculate the amount, in mol, of water in 6.24 g of pentahydrated copper(II) sulfate.
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(2)
–1
(ii) Determine the value of ∆H2 in kJ mol .

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(2)
(iii) Using the values obtained for ∆H1 in (a) (iv) and ∆H2 in (b) (ii), determine the value for
–1
∆Hx in kJ mol .

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(1)
–1
(c) The magnitude (the value without the + or – sign) found in a data book for ∆Hx is 78.0 kJ mol .
(i) Calculate the percentage error obtained in this experiment. (If you did not obtain an
–1
answer for the experimental value of ∆Hx then use the value 70.0 kJ mol , but this is not
the true value.)
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(1)
(ii) The student recorded in her qualitative data that the anhydrous copper(II) sulfate she used
was pale blue rather than completely white. Suggest a reason why it might have had this
pale blue colour and deduce how this would have affected the value she obtained for ∆Hx.

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(2)
(Total 14 marks)

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