1- The slope distance and zenith angle between points A and B were measured with a total station

instrument as 9585.26 ft and 81o42’20”, respectively. The hi and rod reading r were equal. If the
elevation of A is 1238.42 ft, compute the elevation of B.

hf = 0.0206 (9585.26*sin 81o42’20”/1000)2 = 1.85 ft

V = 9585.26 cos 81o42’20”= 1382.77 ft

Δelev = 1382.77 + 1.85 = 1384.62 ft

elevB = 1238.42+1384.62 = 2623.04 ft

2- Assuming that at B the slope distance was measured again as 9585.25 ft and the zenith angle
was read as 98o19’06”. The instrument height and r were equal. (a)Compute the elevation
difference from this end of the line, (b) and the elevation difference using the mean of
reciproqual angles.
81.705 98.318 81.682 81.6935
(a)

hf = 0.0206 (9585.25*sin 98o19’06”/1000)2 = 1.85 ft

V = 9585.25 cos 98o19’06”= - 1386.67 ft

Δelev = - 1386.67 + 1.85 = - 1384.82 ft

(b)

Average Zenith = [81o42’20” +(180o - 98o19’06”)]/2 = 81o41’37”

Δelev = 9585.26 cos 81o41’37” = 1384.75 ft

3- How far will a horizontal line departs from the earth’s surface in 1 km? in 5 km?

1 km? Cm = 0.0675(1)2 = 0.068 m

5 km? Cm = 0.0675(5)2 = 1.688 m
4- Compute and tabulate the combined effect of curvature and refraction on level sights 50, 100,
250, 500, 1000, and 1500 m.

Sight (m) Cm (m)

50 0.000169
100 0.000675
250 0.00422
500 0.017
1000 0.068
1500 0.152

5- On a large lake without waves, how far from shore is a sailboat when the top of its 9 m
mast disappears from the view of a person 1.5 m above the water’s edge?

K = √(1.5 / 0.0675) + √(9 / 0.0675) = 16.26 km

6- The slope distance and zenith angle observed from point X to point Y were 2013.875 m
and 95o13’04”. The instrument and rod target heights were equal. If the elevation of
point X is 188.988 m above datum, what is the elevation of point Y?

ElevY = 188.988 + 2013.875 cos (95o13’04”) +

0.0675(2013.875 * sin (95o13’04”) /1000)2 =
188.988 – 183.145 + 0.271 = 6.114 m
1- K = √(1.5 / 0.0675) + √(9 / 0.0675) = 16.26 km

2- ElevY = 188.988 + 2013.875 cos (95o13’04”) + 0.0675(2013.875 * sin (95o13’04”) /1000)2 =

188.988 – 183.145 + 0.271 = 6.114 m