CYCLONE SEPARATOR

Expt No:9

Aim:

a) To find the separation efficiency and frictional loss of the given cyclone separator

b) To draw a graph between efficiency and pressure drop

Theory:

The cyclone separator is based on the principle of settling with accelerated centrifugal force. At
any point in the cyclone there are three components of velocity namely i) radial component which acts
inward ii) Tangential component which predominates throughout the depth near the walls iii)axial
component which acts away from the gas near the wall and towards the central cone where a low pressure
and high turbulent exists. Any particle will subject to two forces acting along the radial direction. The
centrifugal forces try to throw it towards the wall but the drag force help the fluid to carry away the
particle. Both of these are function of rotation and the size of the particle .Radial acceleration is given by
ac=wr²=bⁿ/rⁿ, where b and n are constants and the value of exponent lies between 2 and 2.4.

Formulae:

Rm=(h1-h2)x10¯² m,

H = Rm (m -f)/ f

Vth=[2XgXH]½

Qth= Vth x C.S.A. of orifice

Pcy=Rm(m -f)Xg

Acy=πd²/4

Fcy=  Pcy +1-[4 Acy / Dcy ²]

η= Quantity colleted/ [flow rate of air +quantity collected]

Where,

m = density of manometric fluid in m

f = density of flowing fluid in kg/m3

Vth =Theoretical velocity in m/s

Qth =Theoretical flow rate in m3 /s

Pcy =Pressure drop across cyclone in N/m2

Acy =Cyclone inlet area m2

Fcy =Frictional loss across cyclone N/m2

Dcy =Diameter of cyclone in m

η= Separation efficiency

Procedure:

Weigh 300 gm of granular solid particle and place it in a the feed chute .Start the blower and
select a particular flow rate .Note down the orifice meter readings and the pressure drop across the
cyclone. After reaching the steady state weigh the collected sample .Repeat the experiment for different
flow rates. Tabulate the reading and calculate the efficiency.

Tabulation 1

SL.No Orifice H Cyclone reading Time Weight of Mass flow Mass flow
reading m m S sample rate of air rate of
m collected g Kg/s solid,Kg/s
 Tabulation 2

SL.No V th Q th %η P Fcy
m/s m3 /s N/m2 N/m2

Result:

Separation efficiency =……………………………..

Frictional loss =……………………………..