As a psychologist who works with people who have down syndrome, you design a study intended to determine which

rewards are most effective for

use in training your patients. You select four different, independent, groups of six patients and record the number of days it takes to teach them a
particular task, with each group receiving one of four types of rewards: Reward 1, Reward 2, Reward 3, and Reward 4. The number of days is given
in the following table.
Reward 1 Reward 2 Reward 3 Reward 4
3 6 9 12
5 7 10 13
6 9 15 15
2 7 12 18
1 11 11 15
2 6 10 13
Total: 19 46 67 86
Mean: 3.17 7.67 11.17 14.33
Use the data above to conduct a least significant difference.

1.) What is the null hypothesis?

H 0 :μ 1=μ2=μ3 =μ4
2.) What is the alternative hypothesis?
H 1 : At least two of the means are not equal .
3.) What is the test statistic to be used?
s 12
f=
s 22
4.) What is the appropriate critical region?
f >f (a , v , v ) v1 =k−1 v 2=k ( n−1 )
1 2

f >f (0.05 ,3 ,20) ¿ 4−1 ¿ 4 ( 6−1 )

f >3.10 v1 =3 v 2=20
5.) What is the actual value of the statistic?
T ..2
2 1 2 T ..2 SSE=SST −SSC
SST =ΣΣ x ij − SSC= ΣTi −
nk n nk ¿ 497.83−413.5
1 47524 SSE=84.33
47524 ¿ ( 14362 )−
¿ 2478− 6 6 (4 )
S of V6( 4) df SS MS Computed f
Column Means 3 413.5 137.83 32.66
Error 20 84.33 4.22
Total 23 497.83
6.) What is the statistical decision?
f >3.10
32.66>3.10
True, reject H 0
7.) What is the statistical conclusion?
Therefore, atleast two of the means are not equal.

Least Significant Difference

Absolute Mean
x́ 1=3.17 Groups LSD Conclusion
LSD=t ( α , v ) ( sd́ )
2
Difference
1,2 4.5 SD
¿ t (0.05 ,20 ) ( 1.19 )
x́ 2=7.67
¿ t (1.725) (1.19 ) 1,3 8 SD
x́ 3=11.17
x́ 4 =14.33 1,4 11.16 SD
2.05
2,3 3.5 SD
2 s2
sd́ =
√ n
2,4

3,4
6.66

3.16
SD

SD
 2 ( 4.22 )
¿
√
sd́ =1.19
6