Process Engineering Drawing

Menggambar Teknik Proses

(ENCH600014)

PLANT LAYOUT AND ISOMETRIC

DRAWING
Cindy Dianita, S.T, M.Eng
Departemen Teknik Kimia
Universitas Indonesia
PLANT LAYOUT
Zones of industrial facility/plant
 RULE OF THUMB
1. Knowledge and understanding of project requirements and project documents.
2. Conservation of space and resources.
3. Arrangement of equipment in a neat, organized manner taking into account
process needs and safety.
4. Attention to detail including adjacent equipment, supports and other items, which
can cause potential clashes between piping and equipment/supports.
5. Consideration of constructability, operability and maintainability of the plant.
6. Routing of pipe in a neat, orderly and symmetrical manner keeping in mind the
future needs of the plant.
7. Avoiding excessive changes in elevations and directions.
8. Ensuring consistency in design.
9. Avoiding excessive amounts of relocations and revisions by “doing it right the first
time”.
 DATA USED

•Project data consists of information such as plant location, local codes and
regulations, access roads, waterways, railways, seismic conditions, climate data
(average temperature, wind speed and direction, and rainfall).
•Design and engineering data is internally generated during the design and
engineering phases of the project. Examples of such data include equipment
sizes, service conditions (temperature, pressure etc.), and mass flow rates.
•Vendor data consists of information provided by equipment vendors by means
of vendor drawings and data sheets.
PLANT LAYOUT :
PLOT LAYOUT
PLOT LAYOUT MODELS
EQUIPMENT LAYOUT
 HAZARD CATEGORIES
Classify Units in terms of Fire and Explosion Hazard into 3 categories: -
- Moderate Hazard (MH)
- Intermediate Hazard (IH)
- High Hazard (HH)
Apply the following minimum distances between units of various
hazard category (Technip)
HAZARD CATEGORIES
 EQUIPMENT PLACEMENT
1. DISTANCE
Between equipment, access road, height of equipment for operator and maintenance
2. Economic Piping
Shortest route, safety aspects, access road, flexibility
3. Involved process
Consider condition for the process : pressure reducer , gravitation benefit
Separation distances for equipment with significant risk hazard.
4. Common operation
Equipment are grouped by process functional sub units, same utility and maintenance
5. Area spacing
Operator access to instruments and valves is enabled, access for fire fighting, flexibility for high
temperature large diameter lines to allow thermal expansion
6. Equipment dimension
7. Underground facilities
Foundation and underground piping
8. Climate
Tropical or 4 seasons area, wind flow : furnace, cooling tower, stack.
What is the first step of Plant layout ??
TYPES OF LAYOUT
PLANT LAYOUT : MAIN PROCESS
TYPICAL DISTANCES (FT)
TYPES OF PLANT LAYOUT
 COMMON ABBREVIATIONS
•N,S,E,W: North, South, East and West
•CL: Centerline
•El: Elevation
•TOS: Top of Steel
•BOP: Bottom of Pipe
•POS: Point of Support
•BBP: Bottom of Baseplate
•ISBL: Inside Battery Limits
•OSBL: Outside Battery Limits
•AG: Above Ground
•UG: Underground
•f: Diameter
•OD: Outside Diameter of pipe
•ID: Inside Diameter of pipe
•TL: Tangent Line
•TYP: Typical
•PFD: Process Flow Diagram
•P&ID: Piping and Instrumentation Diagram
 WHAT IS PIPING ?

Piping is a system of
pipes used to convey Piping systems are
fluids (liquid and gases) like arteries and veins.
from one location to They carry the lifeblood of
another. modern
The engineering discipline civilization.
_piping handbook_
of piping design studies
the efficient transport of
fluid.
_wikipedia_
 FUNDAMENTAL OF PIPING
Pipe
a tube with round cross section conforming to the dimensional requirements of
● ASME B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
● ASME B36.19M Stainless Steel Pipe

Pipe Size
We say it like : as 2-in, 4-in, 6-in pipe, etc.
each pipe size was produced to have one thickness (STD),
The outside diameter of the pipe was standardized
Thicker wall thickness : XS, XXS, XH, etc.
Nominal pipe size (NPS)  indicates standard pipe size when followed by the specific size
designation number without an inch symbol.
NPS ≥ 14 has outside diameter equal to its size
 FUNDAMENTAL OF PIPING
Piping includes pipe, flanges, fittings, bolting, gaskets, valves, and the
pressure containing portions of other piping components. It also
includes pipe hangers and supports and other items necessary to
prevent over pressurization and overstressing of the pressure-
containing components. It is evident that pipe is one element or a part
of piping.
Therefore, pipe sections when joined with fittings, valves, and
other mechanical equipment and properly supported by hangers
and supports, are called piping.
 DESIGNING PIPING ROUTE

1. General Layout Study Repot

2. Equipment Layout dwg.
3. Piping Material Specification
4. Piping detail and support standard
5. P&ID 3D Design
6. Material Handling Study Report
7. Hazardous area classification
8. Pipe cutting and welding specification 2D Drawing (Pipe Spool &
Pipe Isometric)
9. Stress analysis report
10. Etc.

Pipe Spool Shop Pipe Spool Assembly

Piping Isometric :
three dimensional representation of a pipe line or part of
a pipe line complete with all information necessary to
purchase (the material), fabricate, install and test the line
or part of the line

Piping Isometrics (also called Isos) are made

three ways:
- Manually : This can be done in the office or
in the field
- 2D Cad Iso program : small to medium
sized projects where the engineering & design
company does not have 3D capability.
- Isogen : This is considered the best for
medium to very large projects and an
engineering & design company who has the
3D capabilities.
SYMBOLS FOR PIPING ISOMETRICS
1. North Plant
2. Dimension (size)
and angle
3. Reference Number
from P&ID, GA
Drawing, line
number, fluid
direction, insulation,
and tracing
4. Location and
equipment name/tag
5. Nozzle identification
6. Valve type and size
7. Field weld
8. Bill of material
HOMEWORK :
LEARN ABOUT HATCH ES TO ILLUSTRATE ISOMETRIC OFFSET AND
DIMENSIONING IN ISOMETRIC DRAWING
Reference :
Herve Baron Oil & Gas Engineering Guide 2nd Edition (Editions Technip)
Ed Bausbacher and Roger Hunt .Process Plant Layout and Piping Design (Prentice Hall)
Seabird Group. Piping Isometric (Field Piping Engineering )