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Question 1:
Find the distances with the help of the number line given below.
(i) d(B,E) (ii) d(J, A) (iii) d(P, C) (iv) d(J, H) (v) d(K, O)
Answer:
It is known that, distance between the two points is obtained by subtracting the smaller co-
ordinate from larger co-ordinate.
(i) The co-ordinates of points B and E are 2 and 5 respectively. We know that 5 > 2.
∴ d(B, E) = 5 − 2 = 3
(ii) The co-ordinates of points J and A are −2 and 1 respectively. We know that 1 > −2.
∴ d(J, A) = 1 − (−2) = 1 + 2 = 3
(iii) The co-ordinates of points P and C are −4 and 3 respectively. We know that 3 > −4.
∴ d(P, C) = 3 − (−4) = 3 + 4 = 7
(iv) The co-ordinates of points J and H are −2 and −1 respectively. We know that −1 > −2.
∴ d(J, H) = −1 − (−2) = −1 + 2 = 1
(v) The co-ordinates of points K and O are −3 and 0 respectively. We know that 0 > −3.
∴ d(K, O) = 0 − (−3) = 0 + 3 = 3
(vi) The co-ordinates of points O and E are 0 and 5 respectively. We know that 5 > 0.
∴ d(O, E) = 5 − 0 = 5
(vii) The co-ordinates of points P and J are −4 and −2 respectively. We know that −2 > −4.
∴ d(P, J) = −2 − (−4) = −2 + 4 = 2
(viii) The co-ordinates of points Q and B are −5 and 2 respectively. We know that 2 > −5.
∴ d(Q, B) = 2 − (−5) = 2 + 5 = 7
Question 2:
(i) x = 1, y = 7 (ii) x = 6, y = −
2 (iii) x = −
3, y = 7
(iv) x = −
4, y = −5 (v) x = −3, y = −6 (vi) x = 4, y = −
8
Answer:
It is known that, distance between the two points is obtained by subtracting the smaller co-
ordinate from larger co-ordinate.
(i) The coordinates of A and B are x and y respectively. We have, x = 1 and y = 7. We know that
7 > 1.
∴ d(A, B) = y − x = 7 − 1 = 6
(ii) The coordinates of A and B are x and y respectively. We have, x = 6 and y = −2. We know
that 6 > −2.
∴ d(A, B) = x − y = 6 − (−2) = 6 + 2 = 8
(iii) The coordinates of A and B are x and y respectively. We have, x = −3 and y = 7. We know
that 7 > −3.
∴ d(A, B) = y − x = 7 − (−3) = 7 + 3 = 10
(iv) The coordinates of A and B are x and y respectively. We have, x = −4 and y = −5. We know
that −4 > −5.
∴ d(A, B) = x − y = −4 − (−5) = −4 + 5 = 1
(v) The coordinates of A and B are x and y respectively. We have, x = −3 and y = −6. We know
that −3 > −6.
∴ d(A, B) = x − y = −3 − (−6) = −3 + 6 = 3
(vi) The coordinates of A and B are x and y respectively. We have, x = 4 and y = −8. We know
that 4 > −8.
∴ d(A, B) = x − y = 4 − (−8) = 4 + 8 = 12
Question 3:
From the information given below, find which of the point is between the other two. If the points
are not collinear, state so.
Answer:
Question 4:
On a number line, points A, B and C are such that d(A,C) = 10, d(C,B) = 8 . Find d(A, B)
considering all possibilities.
Answer:
Question 5:
Points X, Y, Z are collinear such that d(X,Y) = 17, d(Y,Z) = 8, find d(X,Z) .
Answer:
Question 6:
Sketch proper figure and write the answers of the following questions.
(i) If A - B - C and l(AC) = 11, l(BC) = 6.5, then l(AB) =?
Answer:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
; l(XY) = 7–√.
Now, l(XZ) = l(XY) + l(YZ)
So, l(YZ) = l(XZ) − l(XY) = 37–√ − 7–√
∴ l(YZ) = 27–√
Question 7:
Answer:
A triangle is formed by three segments joining three non-collinear points.
A, B and C are three non-collinear points. When A, B and C are joined, we get a ∆ABC.
Question 1:
The following table shows points on a number line and their co-ordinates. Decide whether the
pair of segments given below the table are congruent or not.
Point A B C D E
Co-ordinate −
3 5 2 −
7 9
(i) seg DE and seg AB (ii) seg BC and seg AD (iii) seg BE and seg AD
Answer:
Point A B C D E
Co-ordinate −
3 5 2 −
7 9
(i) The co-ordinates of points D and E are −7 and 9 respectively. We know that 9 > −7.
∴ l(DE) = 9 − (−7) = 9 + 7 = 16
The co-ordinates of points A and B are −3 and 5 respectively. We know that 5 > −3.
∴ l(AB) = 5 − (−3) = 5 + 3 = 8
Since, l(DE) ≠ l(AB), so seg DE ≇ seg AB.
(ii) The co-ordinates of points B and C are 5 and 2 respectively. We know that 5 > 2.
∴ l(BC) = 5 − 2 = 3
The co-ordinates of points A and D are −3 and −7 respectively. We know that −3 > −7.
∴ l(AD) = −3 − (−7) = −3 + 7 = 4
Since, l(BC) ≠ l(AD), so seg BC ≇ seg AD.
(iii) The co-ordinates of points B and E are 5 and 9 respectively. We know that 9 > 5.
∴ l(BE) = 9 − 5 = 4
The co-ordinates of points A and D are −3 and −7 respectively. We know that −3 > −7.
∴ l(AD) = −3 − (−7) = −3 + 7 = 4
Since, l(BE) = l(AD), so seg BE ≅ seg AD.
Question 2:
Point M is the midpoint of seg AB. If AB = 8 then find the length of AM.
Answer:
We have l(AB) = 8.
Since, M is the midpoint of seg AB, then
l(AM) = 12
of l(AB)
∴ l(AM) = 12
×8=4
So, length of AM is 4.
Question 3:
Answer:
of l(CD)
∴ l(CD) = 2 × l(CP) = 2 × 2.5 = 5
So, length of CD is 5.
Question 4:
If AB = 5 cm, BP = 2 cm and AP = 3.4 cm, compare the segments.
Answer:
Question 5:
Write the answers to the following questions with reference in the given figure .
Answer:
(ii) Ray PQ
(iii) Ray QR
(vii) Point S
Question 6:
Answer the questions with the help of a given figure.
Answer:
(i) The co-ordinates of points B and C are 2 and 4 respectively. We know that 4 > 2.
∴ d(B, C) = 4 − 2 = 2
The co-ordinates of points B and A are 2 and 0 respectively. We know that 2 > 0.
∴ d(B, A) = 2 − 0 = 2
Since d(B, A) = d(B, C), then points A and C are equidistant from point B.
The co-ordinates of points B and D are 2 and 6 respectively. We know that 6 > 2.
∴ d(B, D) = 6 − 2 = 4
The co-ordinates of points B and P are 2 and −2 respectively. We know that 2 > −2.
∴ d(B, P) = 2 − (−2) = 2 + 2 = 4
Since d(B, D) = d(B, P), then points D and P are equidistant from point B.
(ii) The co-ordinates of points Q and U are −4 and −5 respectively. We know that −4 > −5.
∴ d(Q, U) = −4 − (−5) = −4 + 5 = 1
The co-ordinates of points Q and L are −4 and −3 respectively. We know that −3 > −4.
∴ d(Q, L) = −3 − (−4) = −3 + 4 = 1
Since d(Q, U) = d(Q, L), then points U and L are equidistant from point Q.
The co-ordinates of points Q and R are −4 and −6 respectively. We know that −4 > −6.
∴ d(Q, R) = −4 − (−6) = −4 + 6 = 2
The co-ordinates of points Q and P are −4 and −2 respectively. We know that −2 > −4.
∴ d(Q, P) = −2 − (−4) = −2 + 4 = 2
Since d(Q, R) = d(Q, P), then points R and P are equidistant from point Q.
(iii) The co-ordinates of points U and V are −5 and 5 respectively. We know that 5 > −5.
∴ d(U, V) = 5 − (−5) = 5 + 5 = 10
The co-ordinates of points P and C are −2 and 4 respectively. We know that 4 > −2.
∴ d(P, C) = 4 − (−2) = 4 + 2 = 6
The co-ordinates of points V and B are 5 and 2 respectively. We know that 5 > 2.
∴ d(V, B) = 5 − 2 = 3
The co-ordinates of points U and L are −5 and −3 respectively. We know that −3 > −5.
∴ d(U, L) = −3 − (−5) = −3 + 5 = 2
Question 1:
Write the following statements in ‘if-then’ form.
Answer:
(i) If a quadrilateral is a parallelogram, then the opposite angles of that quadrilateral are
congruent.
(ii) If a quadrilateral is a rectangle, then the diagonals of that quadrilateral are congruent.
(iii) If a triangle is an isosceles, then the segment joining the vertex and the mid point of the base
is perpendicular to the base.
Question 2:
(i) The alternate angles formed by two parallel lines and their transversal are congruent.
(ii) If a pair of the interior angles made by a transversal of two lines are supplementary then the
lines are parallel.
(iii) The diagonals of a rectangle are congruent.
Answer:
(i) If the alternate angles made by the transversal with the two lines are congruent, then the lines
are parallel.
(ii) If the two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal, then the pair of interior angles are
supplementary.
(iii) If the diagonals of a quadrilateral are congruent, then that quadrilateral is a rectangle.
Question 1:
Select the correct alternative from the answers of the questions given below.
(ii) How many points are there in the intersection of two distinct lines ?
(A) infinite (B) two (C) one (D) not a single
Answer:
2.
∴ d(A, B) = 5 − (−2) = 5 + 2 = 7
Hence, the correct answer is option(C).
Question 2:
Answer:
The co-ordinates of points P and Q are 3 and −5 respectively. We know that 3 > −5.
Now, d(P, Q) = 3 − (−5) = 3 + 5 = 8
The co-ordinates of points Q and R are −5 and 6 respectively. We know that 6 > −5.
Now, d(Q, R) = 6 − (−5) = 6 + 5 = 11
The co-ordinates of points P and R are 3 and 6 respectively. We know that 6 > 3.
Now, d(P, R) = 6 − 3 = 3
(iv) d(P,Q) −
d(P,R) = 8 − 3 = 5; d(Q,R) = 11
So, d(P,Q) −
d(P,R) ≠ d(Q,R)
Hence, the given statement is false.
Question 3:
Co-ordinates of some pairs of points are given below. Hence find the distance between each pair.
(i) 3, 6
(ii) − 9, −
1
(iii)−
4, 5
(iv) x,−
2
(v) x + 3, x− 3
(vi) −25,−47
(vii) 80, −
85
Answer:
(i) Let the co-ordinates of A and B are 3 and 6 respectively. We know that 6 > 3
d(A, B) = 6 − 3 = 3
(ii) Let the co-ordinates of C and D are −9 and −1 respectively. We know that −1 > −9
d(C, D) = −1 − (−9) = −1 + 9 = 8
(iii) Let the co-ordinates of E and F are −4 and 5 respectively. We know that 5 > −4
d(E, F) = 5 − (−4) = 5 + 4 = 9
(iv) Let the co-ordinates of P and Q are x and −2 respectively. Suppose x > 0, then x > −2.
d(P, Q) = x − (−2) = x + 2
(v) Let the co-ordinates of R and S are x + 3 and x − 3 respectively. Suppose x > 0, then x + 3
>x−3
d(R, S) = (x + 3) − (x − 3) = x + 3 − x + 3 = 2x
(vi) Let the co-ordinates of L and M are −25 and −47 respectively. We know that −25 > −47
d(L, M) = −25 − (−47) = −25 + 47 = 22
(vii) Let the co-ordinates of G and H are 80 and −85 respectively. We know that 80 > −85
d(G, H) = 80 − (−85) =80 + 85 = 165
Question 4:
7. Find the co-ordinates of points on the number line which are at a distance of 8 units from point
P.
Answer:
The co-ordinates of point P on the number line is −7. Now, there will be two points, one on the
left of point P and the other on the right of point P on the number line which are at a distance of
8 units from point P.
Let the point R is on the right of point P and point Q is on the left of point P each at a distance of
8 units from point P.
The co-ordinate of point R will be larger and co-ordinate of point Q will be smaller in
comparison to the co-ordinate of point P.
Now, d(P, R) = 8
So, co-ordinate of R − co-ordinate of P = 8
∴ co-ordinate of R = 8 + co-ordinate of P = 8 + (−7) = 8 − 7 = 1
Also, d(Q, P) = 8
So, co-ordinate of P − co-ordinate of Q = 8
∴ co-ordinate of Q = co-ordinate of P − 8 = −7 − 8 = −15
Hence, the co-ordinates of the required points on the number line which are at a distance of 8
units from the point P are 1 and −15.
Question 5:
Answer:
(i)
(ii)
Question 6:
Co-ordinate of point A on a number line is 1. What are the co-ordinates of points on the number
line which are at a distance of 7 units from A ?
Answer:
The co-ordinates of point A on the number line is 1. Now, there will be two points, one on the
left of point A and the other on the right of point A on the number line which are at a distance of
7 units from point A.
Let the point C is on the right of point A and point B is on the left of point A each at a distance
of 7 units from point A.
The co-ordinate of point C will be larger and co-ordinate of point B will be smaller in
comparison to the co-ordinate of point A.
Now, d(A, C) = 7
So, co-ordinate of C − co-ordinate of A = 7
∴ co-ordinate of C = 7 + co-ordinate of A = 7 + 1= 8
Also, d(B, A) = 7
So, co-ordinate of A − co-ordinate of B = 7
∴ co-ordinate of B = co-ordinate of A − 7 = 1 − 7 = −6
Hence, the co-ordinates of the required points on the number line which are at a distance of 7
units from the point A are 8 and −6.
Question 7:
Answer:
Question 8:
Answer:
(i) If the given figure is a triangle, then the sum of the measures of its angles is 1800.
(ii) If the given two angles are complement of each other, then the sum of the measures of two
angles is 900.
(iii) If the given two lines are parallel, then the corresponding angles formed by a transversal of
two lines are congruent.
(iv) If the given number is divisible by 3, then the sum of the digits of the number is divisible by
3.
Question 9:
Write the antecedent (given part) and the consequent (part to be proved) in the following
statements.
(i) If all sides of a triangle are congruent then its all angles are congruent.
(ii) The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.
Answer:
(i) Antecedent : All the sides of a triangle are congruent.
Consequent : Its all angles are congruent.
(ii) The statement can be written in conditional form as, 'If the given quadrilateral is a
parallelogram, then its diagonals bisect each other.
Antecedent : The given quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
Consequent : Its diagonals bisect each other.
Question 10:
Draw a labelled figure showing information in each of the following statements and write the
antecedent and the consequent.
Answer:
(i) The given statement can be written in conditional form as, ' If the given two traingles are
equilateral, then they are similar.'
Antecedent : The given two triangles are equilateral.
Consequent : They are similar.
Here, ∆ABC and ∆PQR are equilateral triangles, so they are similar to each other.
(iii) Antecedent : The altitudes drawn on two sides of a triangle are congruent.
Consequent : Those two sides are congruent.
Here, BL and CM are the altitudes drawn on two sides AC and AB respectively of ∆ABC and
are congruent, so side AB is congruent to side AC