Subject- Aeronautical Navigation

Topic- Air Navigation Basics

Subtopic- Change of Latitude, Mean Latitude & Change of longitude.
Anagram
Look at these key words for 1 minute, write them on your note
book.
Whoever gets the most wins and will receive a MERIT.
1.Longitude
2. Latitude
3. Meridian
4. Rhumb Line
5. Great Circle
6. Equator
7. Coordinate
8. Arc
Objectives
At the end of the lesson you will be able to calculate;
Change of Latitude
Mean Latitude
Change of Latitude (CH LAT)
Ch Lat is the shortest arc along the
meridian between two parallels of
latitude.

It is expressed in degrees &

minutes.

Where 2 points are in the same Where 2 points are in the different
hemisphere, the Ch Lat is the hemispheres, the Ch Lat is the sum
difference between the 2 points. of 2 points.
 Calculation of Change of Latitude
Example 1- Point A is Step 1-Find the difference
20°30’N & point B is between the 2 points. Simply
41°30’N. If an aircraft is subtract the smallest from largest.
travelling from A to B, what
is Ch Lat?
Step 2- Note the direction of
In this case; the change.
41°30’ - 20°30’ = 21°
Its Ch No, Its
Lat D Lat
In this case, the
aircraft is traveling Who is right?
North, so 21°N. Both
Mr. Red Mr. Blue
 Calculation of Change of Latitude
Example 2- Point A is
20°30’N & point B is
41°30’S. If an aircraft is
travelling from A to B, what
is Ch Lat?
In this case;
41°30’ + 20°30’ = 62°
In this case, the
aircraft is traveling
North, so 62°S.
Step 1-Find the difference
between the 2 points. Simply ADD
the two together.
Step 2- Note the direction of
the change.
D Lat can be calculated by simply
converting degrees into minutes.
Multiply 62 with 60 (1 degree has
60 minutes) = 3720’S
 Position A Position B Ch Lat D Lat
54°35’N 67°34’N
23°33’S 47°56’S
33°47’N 23°55’S
27°25’N 07°44’N
Competition 30°45’S 78°33’N

You have 5 minutes

to complete this.
Whoever solves the
most gets Merit.
Mean Latitude, MEAN LAT or MLAT
Mean Latitude is the mid-point between Example1- Calculate the
two latitudes. Mlat for the positions
65°N & 25°N?
If the 2 points are in the same hemisphere; Step1- Add the 2 values of
Find MLat by adding the 2 values, then
dividing by 2. latitude;
65 + 25 = 90
If the 2 points are in different hemispheres;
Add the 2 values & divide it by 2.
Then subtract the answer from the highest
Step2- Divide the number
value. found in step 1 by 2;
90 ÷ 2 = 45 °N (Answer)
Example-2
Calculate the Mlat for 65°N & 25°S?
If the 2 points are in different
hemispheres;
Add the 2 values & divide it by 2.
Then subtract the answer from
the highest value.
Step1- Add the 2 values of
latitude;
65 + 25 = 90
Step2- Divide the number
found in step 1 by 2;
90 ÷ 2 = 45
Step3-Subtract the figure
found in step 2 from
higher latitude;
65 - 45 = 20°N(Answer)
 Just a minute

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