SQQS1013 Elementary Statistics Matric No.

: …………………

MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION

FIRST SEMESTER SESSION 2016/2017
COURSE CODE / NAME : SQQS1013/ ELEMENTARY STATISTICS
DATE : 7 NOVEMBER 2016 (MONDAY)
TIME : 8.30PM – 10.00 PM (1 ½ hours)
VENUE : DKG2/1, DKG2/2, DKG2/4, DKG3/1, DKG3/2, DKG3/3, DSB K.MAS, DSB
K.T/WD, DSB K.TM, PMI

INSTRUCTIONS :

1. This examination paper contains THREE (3) questions on EIGHT (8) printed pages, excluding the cover
page.
2. List of formulae and distribution tables are provided on pages 7 to 8.
3. Answer ALL questions in the space provided.
4. Use FOUR (4) DECIMAL PLACES in your calculations.
5. You are NOT ALLOWED to remove the examination paper from the hall.

MATRIC NO : ____________________________________
( in words ) ( in numbers )

IDENTIFICATION CARD NO. :

LECTURER : ____________________________________________

GROUP : TABLE NO. :

DO NOT OPEN THIS EXAMINATION PAPER

UNTIL INSTRUCTED

1
SQQS1013 Elementary Statistics Matric No.: …………………

QUESTION 1 (10 MARKS)

a) Determine whether each of the following statements describes a STATISTIC or

describes a PARAMETER. State your reason.
(4 marks)
i. Fifty seven percent (57%) of all the teachers at BBC School are female.

(B1) (B1)
PARAMETER because it describes the entire population of teachers in the
school.

ii. In a sample of 100 students of EMIZ University who were given a questionnaire
on satisfaction of facilities in the university, 78% of them reported to be satisfied.

(B1) (B1)
STATISTIC because it describes a sample of 100 students.

b) Identify each of the following variables as either QUALITATIVE or

QUANTITATIVE.
(2 marks)
i. The title of the first chapter of the Elementary Statistics course.
QUALITATIVE

ii. The total sales of cars sold by a car dealer last month.
QUANTITATIVE

c) Determine which of the four level of measurements (NOMINAL, ORDINAL,

INTERVAL or RATIO) is most appropriate for each of the following variables.

Variable Level of Measurement

i. Shirt size (S, M, L, XL). ORDINAL

Temperatures (in degree Celsius) inside 10 pizza INTERVAL

ii.
ovens.
iii. Courses offered this semester. NOMINAL

The amount of caffeine in a cup of Richiamoy’s RATIO

iv.
coffee latte.
(4 marks)

2
SQQS1013 Elementary Statistics Matric No.: …………………

QUESTION 2 (20 MARKS)

The following data represent the energy consumption of coal (in billions of Btu) by each of
the 50 states and the District of Columbia.

631 723 267 60 372 15 19 92 306 38

413 8 736 156 478 264 937 329 679 84
52 356 142 423 365 350 445 776 33 0

a) Use the data to construct a frequency distribution with 6 classes and 157 class width.
(2 marks)

Limits f x fx
F x2 fx2
0 - 156 12 78 936 12 6084 73008
157 - 313 3 235 705 15 55225 165675
314 - 470 8 392 3136 23 153664 1229312
471 - 627 1 549 549 24 301401 301401
628 - 784 5 706 3530 29 498436 2492180
785 - 941 1 863 863 30 744769 744769
Total 30 9719 5006345

(M1) (M1√ )

3
SQQS1013 Elementary Statistics Matric No.: …………………

b) Based on your answer in part (a), calculate the,

i. Mean energy consumption of coal. Interpret the value.
(6 marks)
Column x ----- (M1√)
∑ 𝑓𝑥 ------ (M1√A1)

9719
x  323.9667 ------ (M1√A1)
30

On average, the energy consumption of coal (in billions of Btu) by each of the
30 states and the District of Columbia is 324. (B1)

ii. Median energy consumption of coal. Interpret the value.

(5 marks)

Column F (cum. Freq) ------- (M1√)

Class median is the second class --- (M1√)

 30 
 2  12 
Median  156.5    157  ---- (M1√)
 3 
 

= 313.5 ----- (A1)

The energy consumption of coal for 15 states and district of Columbia is less than
313.5 billions of Btu and the energy consumption of coal for other 15 states and
district of Columbia is more than 313.5 millions Btu. (B1)

4
SQQS1013 Elementary Statistics Matric No.: …………………

iii. mode. Interpret the value.

(4 marks)
Kelas Mode ------ (M1)

 1 
Mode  Lmo   i
 1   
 12 
 0.5    157  ------------ (M1 )
12  9 
 89.2143 ---------------------- (A1)
The energy consumption of coal for 30 states and district of Columbia is mostly
89 million Btu. (B1)

iv. Relate all the values and give your conclusion.

(3 marks)

Compare the values ----(1M)

Give reason ---- (1M)
Conclusion --- (1M)

QUESTION 3 (20 MARKS)

a) A survey of smoking habit among students at University ABC shows that 25% of male
are smokers while 4.5% of female are smokers. The sample for the survey consists of
1000 students where 450 of them 0.25
are male. Suppose that one student is chosen at
random.

i. Construct a tree diagram to illustrate the events.

(3 marks)
0.25
0.15 S
0.45
M

S’
0.75

0.045
0.90 S

0.92 2 Levels ---(R1)

F 2 Branches ---- (R1)
0.55
All correct values ----- (R1)
S’
0.955

5
SQQS1013 Elementary Statistics Matric No.: …………………

ii. What is the probability that the student is a smoker?

(3 marks)

P(S) = P(MS) + P(FS) = (0.45)(0.25) + (0.55)(0.045) (M1√M1√)

= 0.1373 (A1)

iii. What is the probability that the student is a male and a non-smoker?

(2 marks)

P(𝑀𝑆′) = 0.45(0.25) = 0.1125 ---- (M1A1)

a) In a survey, students taking statistics course were asked, “What is your perception about
this course?” TABLE 1 displays the result by gender.

TABLE 1
Perception of course
Gender interesting Neutral not
interesting

Male 85 39 3

Female 64 3 16

i. What is the probability that a student chosen at random is a male?

(2 marks)

127
𝑃(𝑀) = = 0.6048 ----- (M1A1)
210

ii. What is the probability that a student chosen at random answered “Difficult”
given that the student is a female?
(3 marks)
𝑃(𝐷∩𝐹) 64⁄
𝑃(𝐷|𝐹) = = 83⁄210 = 0.7711 ---- (M1M1A1)
𝑃(𝐹) 210

6
SQQS1013 Elementary Statistics Matric No.: …………………

iii. Are the events choosing a male student and getting the answer “Difficult”
independent events? Explain your result.
(5 marks)

85 17
𝑃(𝐷 ∩ 𝑀) = = 42 = 0.4048 ----- (M1A1)
210
149 127
𝑃(𝐷). 𝑃(𝑀) = (210) (210) = 0.4291 ----- (M1A1)

Since 𝑃(𝐷 ∩ 𝑀) ≠ 𝑃(𝐷). 𝑃(𝑀); 𝑠𝑜 𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡. (A1)

5 8
b) If A and B are independent events, such that 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 9 and 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ′ ) = 15.
Determine P(B).
(2 marks)

𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵′) = 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) − 𝑃(𝐵)

𝑃(𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) − 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵̅ )

5 8 1
= − 15 = 45 ------------ (M1A1)
9

END OF QUESTIONS

7
SQQS1013 Elementary Statistics Matric No.: …………………

LIST OF FORMULAE

No. Descriptive Statistics Formula

1 No. of classes (Sturge’s rule) c  1  3.3log n

range
2 Class width i
c

3 Mean for ungrouped data x

x i

4 Mean for grouped data x

 fx   fx
i i

f n

 1 
5 Mode for grouped data mode  Lmo   i
 1   2 
n
6 Depth of median for grouped data Fc 
2
n 
 2F 
7 Median for grouped data median  LM   i
 fm 
 

8 Interquartile range IQR  Q3  Q1

 x
2

9 Variance for ungrouped data  x  x 

2
x 2

n
s 2
 
n 1 n 1

  fx 
2

 fx  2
10 Variance for grouped data
s2 
f
 f 1

3  mean  median  mean  mode

11 Pearson’s Coefficient of Skewness sk  or
s s

s
12 Coefficient of variation CV  100%
x

8
SQQS1013 Elementary Statistics Matric No.: …………………

No. Introduction to Probability Formula

1 Complement probability P  A'  1 P  A

2 General addition rule P  A  B   P  A  P  B   P  A  B 

3 Multiplication rule P  A  B  P  B  P  A | B

4 Independent events P  A  B   P  A  P  B 
P  A  B
5 Conditional probability P  A | B 
P  B