80.

The temperature of the flame in a frunace is 1277°C and the temperature of its surrounds is
277°C. Calculate the maximum theoretical quantity og the heat energy radiated per minute per
square meter to the surrrounding surface area.
A. 19,321.65 kJ C. 17, 321.65 kJ
B. 18, 321.65 kJ D. 16, 321.65 kJ

SOLUTION:

Q= 20408.4x10-8 Fe(T14-T24)

Where:

Fe= 1 (if not given)

T1= 1277 + 273= 1550 K

T2= 277 + 273 = 550 K

Q= 20408.4 x 10-8 (1) [(1550)4-(550)4]

Q= 1.1593 x 109 J/m2-K

thus

(a) Q = 19,321.65 kJ/m2-min

81. A small sphere has a radius of 3.50 cm and is maintained at a temperature of 360°C.
Assuming it to be a black body surrounded by empty space, how much energy does it radiate
each second?
A. 240.7 J B. 140.2 J C. 320.5 J D. 134.5 J

SOLUTION:

Q= 20408.4x10-8 Fe(T14-T24)

Where:

Fe= 1 (if not given)

T1= 360 + 273= 633 K

A= π (0.035)2

A= 0.003848 m2

Q= 20408.4 x 10-8 (1) (0.003848)(663)4

Q=126,083.68 J/hr

Q=35.02 J/s

thus

(b) Q = 35J

84. ME Board Problem An oil heater heats 100 kg per minute of oil from 35°C to 100°C in a
counter flow heat exchanger. The average specific heat of the oil is 2.5 kJ/kg °C. Exhaust gases
used for heating enter heater with an average specific heat of 1kJ /kg °C, a mass flow rate of 250
kg/min and an initial temperature of 200°C. The over-all heat transfer coefficient is 75 W/m²°C.
Determine the heating surface in m².

A. 36.11°C B. 41. 72°C C. 32.72°C D. 25.34 °C

Solution:

Q= AUθ

Solving for total heat transferred Q∧θ :

Qoil =Qgas

m o C po ∆ t o=m g C pg ∆ t g

100 ( 2.5 ) (100−35 ) =250(1)(200−t)

t=135 ℃

( ∆t )max=135−35=100℃

( ∆t )min =200−100=100℃

If ( ∆ t)max =( ∆ t )min , then θ=average value=100 ℃

Q=mC p ∆t

100
Q= ( 2.5 )( 100−35 )
60

Q=270.83 kW

Thus,

270.83= A (0.075)(100)
 ( a ) A=36.11 m 2

85. If the total resistance to heat flow of a composite wall is 3.0875 m² - K/W. What is the over-
all transfer coefficient of the wall?

A. 0.324 W/m²-K B. 0.423 W/m²-K C. 0.243 W/m²-K D. 0.234 W/m²-K

Solution:

1 1
U= =
RT 3.0875

Thus,

( a ) U =0.324 W /m 2−K

86. In a composite vertical surface wall, the resistance due to insulating brick is 0.5769 °C/W.
What is the total resistance to heat flow if the percent of the total resistance due to insulating
brick is 96.80%.

A. 0.597 °C/W B. 0.795 ° C/W C. 0.975 ° C/W D. 0.957 °C/W

Solution:

Rbrick
%brick=
RT

0.5769
0.9680=
RT

Thus,

( a ) RT =0.597 ℃ /W

87. A counterflow bank of boiler tubes has total area of 900 ft 2 and its over-all efficiency a
heat transfer is 13 Btu/hr- ft 2. calculate the heat transferred if the log mean temperature
difference is 1380 ℉.
a. 16,146,000 Btu/hr c. 18,148,000 Btu/hr
 b. 17,147,000 Btu/hr d. 15,145,000 Btu/hr
Solution:
Q= A U θ
Q=900 (13) (1380)∆ ft 2
Thus;
(a) Q = 16,146,000 btu/hr

88. Calculate the quantity to be transferred to 3.25 kg of brass to raise its temperature from
30 ℃ taking the specific heat of the brass as 0.394 kJ/kg-K.
a. 182 kJ c. 151 kJ
b. 282 kJ d. 251 kJ
Solution:
Q = m Cp ∆T
Q = 3.25 (0.394) (250-30)
Q = 281.721 kJ
95. The journals of a shaft are 380mm diameter, it runs at 105 rpm and the coefficient of friction
between journals and bearings is 0.02. If the average load on the bearing is 200 KN, find the
heat generated per minute at the bearings.
A. 501.375 KJ B. 505.575 KJ C. 401.375 KJ D. 501.575 KJ
Given:
D = 380mm or 0.38m
n = 105 rpm
CF = 0.02
F = 200 KN
Solution:
Q
= Fn(D)(CF)
t
rev
(200 KN)(105 )[(0.38 m)](0.02)
min .
Q KJ
= 501.398
t min .
96. To ascertain the temperature of flue gases, 1.8 of copper of specific heat 0.395 kJ /kg-K was
suspended on the flue gas until it attained the temperature of the gases, and then dropped into
2.27 kg of water at 20°C. If the resultant temperature of the copper and water was 37.2°C, find
the temperature of the flue gases.
A.165.6°C B. 167.9°C C. 267.9°C D.265.6°C

Given:
Mc = 1.8 kg
Mw = 2.27 kg
CPc = 0.395 KJ/kg-K
CPw = 4.187 KJ/kg-K
To = 37.2 C
Two = 20 C

Solution:
U = Qc + Qw ; U = 0
Mc(CPc)(t) = -Mw(CPw)(tw)
1.8kg(.395 KJ/kg-K)(37.2-Ti) = -(2.27kg)(4.187 KJ/kg-K)(37.2-20)
Ti = 267.125 C

97. In an experiment to find the specific heat of iron, 2.15 kg of iron cuttings at 100°C are
dropped into a vessel containing 2.3 liters of water at 17°C and the resultant temperature of the
mixture is 24.4°C. If the water equivalent of the vessel is 0.18 kg determine the specific heat of
the iron.
A. 0.47 kJ/kg-K B. 0.37 kJ/kg-K C. 0.27 kJ/kg-K D. 0.17 kJ/kg-K

Given:
Mi = 2.15 kg
Mw = 0.18 kg
CPw = 4.187 KJ/kg-K
To = 24.4 C
Two = 17 C
Ti = 100 C
Solution:
U = Qc + Qw ; U = 0
Mi(CPi)(t) = -Mw(CPw)(tw)
2.15kg(CPi)(24.4-100)C = -(0.18kg)(4.187 KJ/kg-K)(37.2-20) C
CPi = 0.384 KJ/kg-K