CE 2221 KINETICS OF PARTICLES //JESano Problem 1: Two barges, one weighing 1000KN, the other weighing

2000KN are connected by a cable in quiet water. Initially the barges

According to Newton’s second law, a particle will accelerate when it are 40m apart. The cable is reeled in until the barges are 20m apart.
is subjected t unbalanced forces. Kinetics is the study of the If the friction is negligible, calculate the distance moved by the
1000KN barge.
relations between unbalanced forces and the resulting changes in
motion.
Problem 2: A pendulum with a concentrated mass is suspended
vertically inside a stationary railroad freight car by means of a rigid
Particle kinetics requires that we combine our knowledge of the
weightless connecting rod. If the connecting rod is pivoted where it
properties of forces, which we developed in statics, and the
attaches to the box car, compute the angle that the rod makes with
kinematics of particle motion. With the aid of Newton’s second law,
the vertical as a result of a constant horizontal acceleration of
we can combine these two topics and solve engineering problems
1.5 / of the box car.
involving force, mass, and motion.

The three general approaches to the solution of kinetics problems are:
a. Direct application of Newton’s second law (called the force-
mass-acceleration method)
b. Use of work and energy principles; and
c. Solution by impulse and momentum methods.
Problem 3: A mass of 4 is projected with a speed of 3 / up a
plane inclined 20° with the horizontal. After travelling 0.80 , the
mass comes to rest. Determine the coefficient of friction and also the
speed as the block returns to its starting point.
Try to solve the following:

Each approach has its special characteristics and advantages, and Exercise 1: A particle weighing 20KN is pulled up a smooth plane by
a force F=15KN as shown. Determine the force of the plane on the
particle kinetics is subdivided into these three sections. In addition, a
particle and the acceleration along the plane.
fourth section, section D, treats special applications and combinations
of three basic approaches. F
10°
A. NEWTON’S SECOND LAW
Newton’s second law plays an essential role in kinetics. Thus, a
review of this law is needed which is described by the relationship
below.
=
30°
Where is the net force, is the mass of the body is assumed to
be constant, and is the acceleration of the center of mass (center
of gravity) if the body is rotating. We also require,
Exercise 2: A particle having a mass of 10 starts from rest and
= attains a speed of 4 / in a horizontal distance of 12 . Assuming
a coefficient of friction of 0.25 and uniformly accelerated motion, what
Where is the summation of moments, is the mass moment of
is the smallest value a constant horizontal force may have to
inertia, and is the angular acceleration. The moment of inertia is
often found by accomplish this?
=

is the radius of gyration.

In addition, the gravitational attractive force between one body and

another is given by
=

Where = 6.67 10 / , is the mass of the first

object, is the mass of the second object, and is the distance
between the centers of the two objects.

D’Alembert’s Principle
When Newton’s 2nd law equation is rearranged such that one side is
equal to zero as shown below, it is called D’Alembert’s Principle.
− =0
The fictitious force – is called the inertia force, and the artificial
state of equilibrium is known as dynamic equilibrium.