5 6132006305503641751 PDF

Reference- Stanley J Nelson’s Wheeler’s Dental Anatomy, Physiology and
Occlusion, 10th Edition, page no. 25.

11. Identify the stage of tooth development
e
dg
ne
ow
Cr

A. Cap stage
B. Early bell stage
C. Advance bell stage
D. Bud stage

Answer- C
Advance bell stage

● Advance bell stage is characterized by the commencement of
mineralization and root formation.
● During this stage, the boundary between inner enamel epithelium and
odontoblasts outlines the future dentinoenamel junction.
● The formation of dentin occurs first as a layer along the future
dentinoenamel junction in the region of future cusps and proceeds pulpally
and apically.
● After the first layer of dentin is formed, the ameloblast which has already
differentiated from inner enamel epithelial cells lay down enamel over the
dentin in the future incisal and cuspal areas.
● The enamel formation then proceeds coronally and cervically, in all regions
from the dentinoenamel junction towards the surface.
e

dg
Reference- Orban’s Oral Histology and Embryology, 13th Edition, page no. 35.

ne

12. Identify the type of occlusion
ow
Cr

A. Class I
B. Class II
C. Class III
D. Class IV

Answer- A
The type of given occlusion is Angle’s class I.

Angle’s molar relation
● Class I- Mesiobuccal cusp of maxillary 1st molar is in line with buccal groove
of mandibular 1st molar
● Class II- Buccal Groove of mandibular 1st molar is distal to mesiobuccal
e
cusp of maxillary 1st molar
dg
● Class III-Buccal groove of mandibular 1st molar is mesilato mesiobuccal
cusp of maxillary 1st molar

ne
Reference- Stanley J Nelson’s Wheeler’s Dental Anatomy, Physiology and
Occlusion, 10th Edition, page no. 270.

ow

13. Marked region indicate
Cr
e
dg
ne
A. Primary central incisors
B. Permanent central incisor
C. Supernumerary tooth
ow
D. Permanent canine

Answer-C
Cr
Marked region indicate supernumerary tooth

● A supernumerary tooth is one that is additional to the normal series and
can be found in almost any region of the dental arch.

Reference-Shafer's Textbook of Oral Pathology,page no:48

14. The calcification seen below the radiolucent areas

A. Russel bodies
B. Civatte bodies
e
C. Verocay

D. Rushton bodies
Answer-D
dg
ne
Rushton bodies are seen
● In a periapical cyst, the epithelial cyst lining exhibits numerous linear and
arch-shaped bodies called Rushton bodies.
ow
● Russell bodies are eosinophilic, large, homogeneous

immunoglobulin-containing inclusions usually found in a plasma cell
undergoing excessive synthesis of immunoglobulin; the Russell body is
Cr
characteristic of the distended endoplasmic reticulum.

● They are found in the peripheral areas of tumors.
Reference- Shafer's Textbook of Oral Pathology,7th edition, page no:189

DENTAL MATERIALS

1. The highest slope in stress-strain graph is seen in
A. Ceramics
B. Enamel
C. Gold crown
D. Elastomers

Answer- A
The highest slope in the stress-strain graph is seen in ceramics.
● The slope of the stress-strain graph is a measure of the relative rigidity or
stiffness of a material .
● This is called elastic modulus or young’s modulus or modulus of elasticity.
● Modulus of elasticity = stress/strain within the proportional limit.
e
● Units + giga pascal or giga newton/m2
dg
● The highest slope means the highest modulus of elasticity.

Reference- Craig’s Restorative Dental Materials, 13th Edition, page no. 41
ne

ow
2. What will happen if we mix gypsum in boiling water?

A. Reaction won't take place
B. Reaction will be faster
Cr
C. Reaction will be slower

D. Reaction will be reverted

Answer- A
If gypsum is mixed in boiling water the reaction won't take place.
● If the temperature of the plaster-water mixture is at 0 °C and 50 °C- little
change in setting time occurs.
● If the temperature of the plaster-water mixture exceeds 50 °C, a gradual
retardation occurs.
● As the temperature approaches 100 °C, no reaction takes place.
● This is the reason why very hot water (nearly boiling temperature) is used
to wash impurities like calcium chloride and sodium succinate from
improved stone powder.

Reference- Phillips' Science of Dental Materials, 12th edition, page no. 222

3. Increase in the coefficient of expansion between restoration and tooth affects
A. Marginal integrity
B. Resistance
e
C. Retention
dg
D. Strength of restoration

Answer- A
ne
Increase in the coefficient of expansion between restoration and tooth affects
marginal integrity.
A tooth restoration may expand or contract more than the tooth during a change
ow
in temperature.
Hence, there may be marginal microleakage adjacent to the restoration, or the
restoration may debond from the tooth.
Cr


4. During amalgam restoration in a deep cavity, the liner is placed under zinc
phosphate because of its
A. Low pH
B. High pH
C. High strength
D. Low strength

Answer- A
During amalgam restoration in a deep cavity, the liner is placed under zinc
phosphate because of its low pH.
● Zinc phosphate cement is formed by the reaction between zinc oxide
powder and phosphoric acid liquid.
● It can be used either as a base or as a luting agent.
● Zinc phosphate cement is an effective base for thermal insulation.
● But its low pH (acidity) may require a cavity liner under the cement to
protect the pulp.
● However, the risk of low pH in contact with the pulp is minimized if the zinc
e
phosphate cement is mixed to a thick, non-tacky, putty-like consistency,
dg
which does not have excess acid.

Reference- Phillips' Science of Dental Materials, 12th edition, page no. 315.
ne

ow
5. The major content of zinc phosphate cement is

A. Zinc oxide
B. Aluminium
Cr
C. Phosphoric acid
D. Zinc phosphate

Answer- A
The major content of zinc phosphate cement is zinc oxide.
Zinc phosphate cement consists of a powder and liquid.
The powder contains
● 75% of zinc oxide
● 13% of magnesium oxide
The liquid contains
● Phosphoric acid (38% to 59%)
● Water (30% to 55%)
● Aluminum phosphate (2% to 3%)
● Zinc phosphate (up to 10%) (some cases).


6. The most accepted theory of setting of gypsum is
A. Dissolution precipitation theory
B. Hydration theory
e
C. Gelation precipitation theory
dg
D. Thermo emission theory

Answer- A
ne
The most accepted theory of setting of gypsum is dissolution precipitation
Theory
Hydration Theory
ow
● This theory suggests that rehydrated plaster particles join together

through hydrogen bonding to the sulfate groups to form the set material.
Dissolution precipitation Theory:
Cr
● Developed by Louis Chatelier in 1885

● This theory is based on the dissolution of plaster and instant crystallization
of gypsum, followed by the interlocking of the crystals to form the set
product
Colloidal Theory:
● When mixed with water, plaster enters into the colloidal state through a
sol-gel mechanism.
● In the sol state, hemihydrate particles are hydrated to form the dihydrate,
thereby entering into an active state.
● As the measured amount of water is consumed, the mass converts into a
solid gel.


7. Dicor is
A. Pressable ceramic
B. Inject molding ceramic
C. Castable ceramic
D. Electroceramic

e
Answer- C
dg
Dicor is a castable ceramic.
● Dicor was the first castable glass used for dental prosthetic applications.
● Dicor glass-ceramic was capable of producing remarkably good esthetics,
ne
but are more prone to fracture.
● Dicor and Dicor MGC glass-ceramics are no longer used in dentistry.

ow

Cr

8. During polysulfide rubber impression metallization, silver is used as
A. Anode
B. Cathode
C. Diode
D. Electrolyte

Answer- A
During polysulfide rubber impression metallization, silver is used as an anode.
● Polysulfide rubber impressions are cleaned thoroughly and dried before
they are metallized with a fine silver powder.
● The silver powder results in a superior surface of the electroformed die.
● An anode of pure silver, at least twice the size of the area to be plated, is
employed, and the electroplating is carried out as before for approximately
10 hours, using 5 to 10 mA/cm2 of the cathode surface.


9. Curing denture above 100 degree celsius may develop
e
A. Porosity in the thin middle area
dg
B. Porosity in thick lingual flanges
C. Porosity in thin flanges
D. Porosity in the thin central portion
ne

Answer- B
Curing denture above 100 degree celsius may develop porosity in thick lingual
ow
flanges.
● Gaseous porosity results when the temperature of the dough is raised
significantly above the boiling point of the monomer (100°C).
Cr
● That produce spherical voids in the hottest part of the curing dough.
● This occurs most commonly in the lingual flanges of a lower denture.
Following are the recommended curing cycles:
● Long curing cycle- Heat the flask in the water at 60-70°C for 9 hours. It
starts from room temperature and slowly increases up to 60-70°C. The rate
of increase of temperature is critical.
● Short curing cycle- Heat the flask at 65°C for 90 minutes, then boil for 1
hour for adequate polymerization of thinner portions.

Reference- Peter Heasman, Master Dentistry E-Book: Volume 2: Restorative
Dentistry, Paediatric Dentistry, and Orthodontics, 2nd edition, page no. 115.

10. The best pickling solutions for gypsum-bonded investments is
A. 5% hydrochloric acid
B. 50% hydrochloric acid
C. 5% sulfuric acid
D. 50% methanoic acid

Answer- B
The best pickling solutions for gypsum-bonded investments is 50% hydrochloric
e
acid.
dg
● The surface of the casting appears dark with oxides and tarnish
● The surface film can be removed by a process known as pickling which
consists of heating the discoloured casting in an acid.
ne
● Best pickling solutions for gypsum bonded investments is a 50%
hydrochloric acid solution or a solution of sulfuric acid.
● The HCl aids in the removal of any residual investment, as well as of the
ow
oxide coating.
● The disadvantage of HCl is that the fumes from the acid are likely to
corrode laboratory metal furnishings
Cr


11. Maximum laser welding penetration depth is
A. 0.5
B. 1.0
C. 1.5
D. 2.5

Answer- D
Maximum laser welding penetration depth is 2.5


12. NiTi is welded by
A. Laser welding
B. Arc welding
C. Gas welding
e
D. Solid state welding
dg

Answer- A
NiTi is welded by laser welding.
ne
● Nickel-titanium, also known as Nitinol.
● It is a metal alloy of nickel and titanium.
● Nitinol is difficult to weld, both to itself and other materials. Laser welding
ow
nitinol to itself is a relatively routine process.

Reference- Mel Schwartz, New Materials, Processes, and Methods Technology,
Cr
page no.210.

13. If palladium is not added to addition silicone, it leads to
A. Expansion of cast
B. Air bubble formation
C. Shrinkage of cast
D. Both A and B

Answer- B
If palladium is not added to addition silicone, it leads to air bubble formation.
If hydrogen gas is liberated pouring of stone is delayed by 1–2 hours to prevent
the formation of air bubbles in the stone cast.
To prevent this palladium is added to addition silicone.

Reference- John J Manapallil, Basic Dental Materials, 4th Edition, page no. 287

PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY

e

1. Which of the following is used for spot activation in children for topical fluoride
application?
A. Fluoridated toothpaste dg
ne
B. Sodium fluoride
C. Stannous fluoride
D. APF
ow

Answer-D
APF is used for spot activation in children for topical fluoride application.
Cr
Composition of APF :
1.23% of NaF
0.1M phosphoric acid
When APF is applied on the teeth, it leads to dehydration and shrinkage in the
volume of HA crystals and thereby forming dicalcium phosphate dihydrate.this is
highly reactive with F and thus leads to the formation of fluorapatite.

Reference- S. S. Hiremath, Textbook of Preventive and Community Dentistry, 2nd
edition, page no. 386-387

2. Choking effect is seen in which fluoride
A. Sodium fluoride
B. Stannous fluoride
C. APF
D. None of the above

Answer- A
The choking effect is seen in sodium fluoride.
Choking phenomenon
e
● The choking phenomenon occurs during the application of sodium
dg
fluoride.
● When NaF is applied topically, it reacts with hydroxyapatite crystals to form
CaF2.
ne
● Due to the high concentration of fluoride, there is the initial formation of
CaF2 on the tooth surface which prevents further entry of fluoride into the
tooth. This is called the choking-off effect as it blocks the diffusion.
ow

edition, page no. 385.
Cr

3. 5000 patients had a chronic disease. In that, to find out how many people will
get a stroke, which study is used?
A. Prospective
B. Longitudinal study
C. Case series
D. Cross-sectional

Answer- D
5000 patients had a chronic disease. In that, to find out how many people will get
a stroke, the cross-sectional study is used.
Cross-sectional study
● Single examination (one observation) of a cross-section of the population
at one point in time.
● Also known as a prevalence study
● More useful for chronic than a short-timed disease.
● It tells us about the distribution of a disease in a population
● Time sequence which is essential to the concept of causation can be
deduced from the cross-sectional study
● Cause and effect relationship can't be established.
e

dg
Reference-Soben Peter, Essential preventive and community dentistry, 4th
edition, page no:72.

ne

ow
4. Ranking in a class of 70 students. Ram is in the position of 10 and Balu is in

position 40. The data scale used is
A. Ordinal scale data
Cr
B. Nominal scale data

C. Ratio scale data
D. Numeric scale data

Answer- A
Ranking in a class of 70 students. Ram is in the position of 10 and Balu is in
position 40. The data scale used is ordinal scale data.
Nominal scale The information is divided into some definite
data qualitative basis.
Ordinal scale Information is expressed in ordinal or rank
data order relations.
Interval/nume Interval scales are numeric scales in which we

ric scale data know not only the order, but also we can say
the intervals between each value are equally
split.
Ratio scale Ratio data is interval data with a natural zero

data point. The interval scale data is placed with
some meaningful ratio
e

Reference- Kaplan medical, Inc, Behavioral Science and Social Sciences, Charles
dg
Faselis, Usmle Step-1, lecturer note 2019, page no. 29.

ne

5. Which index is used to check for high caries in a group?
ow
A. Caries severity index

B. DMFT
C. Root caries index
Cr
D. Dean’s Fluorosis Index

Answer- B
DMFT is used to check for high caries in a group.
● D- refers to decayed tooth
● M- refers to teeth missing due to caries
● F- refers to filled teeth due to caries
● All 28 teeth are examined with mouth mirror and standard No. 23 explorer.

Edition, page no. 213-214

6. A topic is discussed by 4-5 experts in front of a small group of audience is
termed as
A. Symposium
B. Panel
C. Seminar
D. Conference

Answer- A
e
A topic is discussed by 4-5 experts in front of a small group of audience is termed
dg
as symposium.
Panel discussion
● Panel discussions are another widely employed popular method for group
ne
health education.
● There will be a panel comprising three to five members out of which one
person is chosen as the leader.
ow
Symposium
● This is one of the modern methods used for group health education.
● The symposium constituted by a number of experts who are invited to
Cr
speak on a particular topic beforehand.

● Each speaker is given an opportunity to present various aspects pertaining
to the selected topic
● The advantage of a symposium is that the audience understands the topic
better if it is presented in an easy and simple way by various speakers.
Seminars
● These are methods usually employed by educational institutions.
Education can be given to a large number of people among the presence
of persons qualified in topics of interest or disciplines.
Conference
● A conference is a meeting of people who "confer" about a topic.

Edition, page no. 70

7. Which of following promotes caries?-
A. Selenium
B. Vanadium
C. Molybdenum
D. Fluoride
e

dg
Answer- A
Selenium promotes caries.
● Cariostatic elements - Fluoride and Phosphorus
ne
● Mildly cariostatic elements - Molybdenum, Vanadium, Copper, Strontium
● Caries promoting elements - Selenium, Magnesium, Cadmium

ow
Reference- Newburn Ernsts Cariology, 3rd edition, page no. 123.

Cr

8. Out of 100 people if you want a sampling of 10 people, what type of sampling is
it
A. Simple random sampling
B. Systematic sampling
C. Cluster sampling
D. Multistage sampling

Answer- A
Out of 100 people if you want a sampling of 10 people, the type of sampling is
simple random sampling.
Simple random sampling: In this method, every member (sampling unit) of a
population has an equal chance of being selected in the sample. The randomness
of the sample is achieved by the use of lots (lottery method) or
the table of random numbers. This method is employed for homogeneous
population only.
Stratified random sampling: When the population is heterogeneous, it is divided
into "strata" or levels, and sample is then drawn from each stratum by means of
simple random sampling method. For instance, a community can be subdivided
based on social or demographic factors and independent samples are drawn
from such subgroups.
Systematic sampling: In this type, every nth member from the list, is chosen for
e
the study. The first value to be selected is determined by lot or the table of
dg
random numbers. It is more convenient.
Cluster sampling: Any method of sampling wherein a group is taken as a
sampling unit is known as cluster sampling. It is more convenient for
ne
administrative and economic reasons, e.g. schools.
Multistage sampling: In this type, there are progressively higher levels of
subsampling (the process of drawing samples from selected clusters). The simple
ow
random sampling method is used to draw the samples.

Cr

9. Which curve demonstrate an increase in pH after glucose rinse
A. Stephan curve
B. Scammon curve
C. Normal curve
D. Stralfors curve

Answer- A
Stephan curve demonstrate an increase in pH after glucose rinse
● Stephen curve was first described by Robert Stephen in 1943
● Stephen curve is a graph plotted on pH level against time
● Stephan recorded the pH values of dental plaques in situ before, during,
and after a glucose rinse using antimony microelectrodes
Main characteristics of Stephan curve
● Under resting conditions, the pH of plaque is reasonably constant, though
differences can be noted in the individuals
● Following exposure to sugars, the pH drops very rapidly in a few minutes to
its lowest level and then slowly returns to its original value over a period of
approximately 30-60min.
e

dg

ne

ow
10. Which curve denotes the relationship between the plaque pH and glucose
rinse
A. Stephen curve
Cr
B. Scammon curve
C. Normal curve
D. Stralfors curve

Answer- A
Stephan curve denotes the relationship between - Plaque pH and glucose rinse.
● The pH of plaque in different persons varies, with an average of about 7.1 in
caries-free persons to 5.5 in persons with extreme caries activity.
● Stephan studied the pH in dental plaque after rinsing of the mouth with a
10% glucose or sucrose solution.
● Within 2-5 minutes after the rinse, pH in the plaque had fallen to between
4.5 and 5.0 and gradually returned to the initial pH level within 30-60 min.
● The plaque pH in the caries-free group did not fall below 5.0 after the
glucose rinse, while the pH in the caries active group fell below 5.0 after
glucose rinse.

Shafer’s Textbook of Oral Pathology, 7th edition, page no. 428.

e

dg
11. A 35-year-old pt found with a pocket depth of 4-5mm around molar teeth.
What will be treated according to CPITN index?
A. No treatment
ne
B. Scaling and root planing
C. Scaling only
D. Scaling surgery
ow

Answer- B
According to CPITN index, a 35-year-old pt found with a pocket depth of 4-5mm
Cr
around molar teeth, the treatment will be scaling and root planing.
Scoring criteria
● Code 0- When only one tooth or non-functional teeth are present in a
sextant.
● Code 1- Bleeding observed during or after probing.
● Code 2- Supra- or subgingival calculus seen or felt during probing.
● Code 3- Pathological pocket of 4 or 5mm, (the black area of the CPITN
probe is at the gingival margin).
● Code 4- Pathological pocket of 6mm or more, (the black area of the CPITN
probe is not visible).
For treatment needs
● TN 0- A recording of code 0 (healthy) = no treatment.
● TN I- A code of 1 indicates a need for improving the personal oral hygiene
of that individual-I.
● TN II- A code of 2 and 3 indicates the need for professional cleaning, root
planing and removal of plaque retentive factors. In addition patient
obviously requires oral hygiene instructions-II+I.
● TN III- Code of 4 requires complex treatment which involves deep scaling,
root planing and more complex surgical procedures-III+Il+I.

e

dg

ne

ow
Cr

5 6132006305503641751 PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

5 6132006305503641751 PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Reference- Stanley J Nelson’s Wheeler’s Dental Anatomy, Physiology and

Occlusion, 10th Edition, page no. 25.

Marked region indicate supernumerary tooth

● Russell bodies are eosinophilic, large, homogeneous

characteristic of the distended endoplasmic reticulum.

2. What will happen if we mix gypsum in boiling water?

C. Reaction will be slower

5. The major content of zinc phosphate cement is

● This theory suggests that rehydrated plaster particles join together

● Developed by Louis Chatelier in 1885

nitinol to itself is a relatively routine process.

4. Ranking in a class of 70 students. Ram is in the position of 10 and Balu is in

B. Nominal scale data

Interval/nume Interval scales are numeric scales in which we

Ratio scale Ratio data is interval data with a natural zero

A. Caries severity index

D. Dean’s Fluorosis Index

speak on a particular topic beforehand.

Reference- Newburn Ernsts Cariology, 3rd edition, page no. 123.

random sampling method is used to draw the samples.

edition, page no. 191.

You might also like