Prosthodontics Spec

Which of the following characteristics of inlay wax is its major disadvantage ?
a. flow
b. rigidity
c. hardness
d. high thermal expansion
Correct!(d)
When porcelain is baked against metal, it should possess a

a. high fusion expansion
b. high fusion temperature
c. linear coefficient of thermal expansion less than, but close to,that of the metal
d. linear coefficient of thermal expansion greater than but close to that of metal
Correct!(c)
As the gold content of a dental solder decreases,the

a. hardness decreases
b. ductility increases
c. corrosion resistance decrease
sd. ultimate tensile strength decreases
Did Not Attempt, Correct Answer: c
Reversible hydrocolloids exhibit the property of transformation from sol to gel and gelto sol as a function of the
a. concentration of the fillers and plasticizers
b. percentage of composition by weight of water
c. concentration of potassium sulfate
d. temperature
Did Not Attempt, Correct Answer: d
An anterior fixed partial denture is contraindicated when

a. abutment teeth are noncarious
b. an abutment tooth is inclined 15 degree but is otherwise sound
c. there is considerable resorption of the residual ridge
d. crowns of the abutment teeth are extremely long owing to gingival recession
Wrong! You answered: d, Correct Answer: c
In which of the following properties does a type IV partial denture gold alloy exceed abase-metal
partial denture alloy in numerical value
a. hardness
b. specific gravity
c. casting shrinkage
d. fusion temperature
Did Not Attempt, Correct Answer: b
Within practical limits, when the water/ powder ratio is increased beyond therecommended amount in mixing
plaster, the
a. setting time is increased
b. setting expansion is decreased
c. compressive strength is decreased
d. all of the above
Wrong! You answered: a, Correct Answer: d
In processing an acrylic denture in a water bath, a proper heating cycle is desiredbecause of the possibility of
a. warpage
b. shrinkage of the denture
c. porosity due to boiling of the monomer
d. crazing of the denture base around necks of the teeth
Correct!(c)
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An over load of the mucosa will occur if the
a. teeth used for replacement are nonanatomic
b. bases covering the area are too small in out line
c. bases covering the area are too large in out line
d. bases covering the area are overextended distally
Wrong! You answered: c, Correct Answer: b
In an alginate impression material, trisodium phosphate is the

a. filler
b. reactor
c. retarder
d. acclerator
An abutment tooth exibiting an unfavorable survey line should

a. be restored
b. have unfavourable contours improved
c. be bypassed in the frame work design
d. receive only a rest and not be clasped
If there is insufficent space between the maxillary tuberosity and the retromolarpad ,it is usually best to
a. avoid covering the retromolar pad with the lower base
b. not covering the tuberosity with the upper denture
c. surgically reduce the occlusal aspect of the tuberosity
d. surgically reduce the retromolar pad
The principal factor in minimizing the firing shrinkage of porcelain is the

a. fusion temperature
b. ratio of flux to feldspar
c. uniformity of particle size
d. thoroughness of condensation
The most important mechanical property involved when a base metal partial dentureclasp is adjusted is
a. hardness
b. elongation
c. elastic limit
d. tensile strength
In registering the vertical diamention of occlusion for the edentulous patient thephysiologic rest diamention
a. equals the vertical diamention of occlusion
b. may be exceeded if the appearence of the patient is enhanced
c. is of little importance as it is subject to variations
d. must always be greater than the vertical diamention of occlusion
Excessive vertical diamention may result in

a. poor denture retension
b. dropping of the corners of the mouth
c. creases and wrinkles around the lips
d. trauma to the underlying supporting tissues

In cobalt-chromium alloys ,the consistuent responsible for corrosion resistance is
a. silver
b. nickel
c. cobalt
d. chromium
Heating a gypsum cast at a temperature of 110 degree centigrade for one hr will
a. drive off its excess gauging water only
b. have minimal effect on the crushing strength
c. weaken it because its water of crystallization is driven off
d. strengthen it, because dry crushing strength of gypsum is more than wet crushing strength
Both porcelain and acrylic resin teeth are used in prostheses .Both are secured to thebase during processing .Identify the correct
anchorage
a. both are chemically united with the resin base
b. both are held to the base in a mechanical bond
c. the anchorage of both kind of teeth is both chemical and mechanical
d. resin teeth are chemically bonded to the base and porcelain teeth are mechanically held tothe base
For a more rigid structure ,a base metal partial denture alloy should be selectedrather than a type IV gold because
the alloy has a
a. lower elongation
b. higher modulus of elasticity
c. more favourable tensile strength
d. higher hardness number
In partial denture construction a dental surveyour should be used in all the followingexcept
a. to determine the path of insertion
b. to determine the design
c. in conjunction with mouth prepration
d. to determine the depth of rest seats
From properly mounted diagnostic casts which of the following will help in thetreatment planning concerning fixed
prosthodontic appliance except
a. axial alignment of abutment teeth
b. physical condition of the abutment teeth
c. gingival tissue contour and pocket depth
d. tentative design of the abutment preprations
Three weeks after insertion of a fixed partial denture, marked discomfort to heat andcold occurs. There are no other symptoms .The
most likely cause is
a. gingival recession
b. unseating of the fixed partial denture
c. deflective occlusal contact
d. incomplete coverage of the cut surfaces of the prepared abutment teeth
The most likely cause of cheilosis in a patient who wears a complete denture andwhose medical history is non
contributary is

a. an open vertical diamention
b. a closed vertical diamention
c. improper placement of denture teeth over the ridge
d. failure of centric relation to coincide with centric occlusion
The major cause of speech problem in persons with cleft lip and palate is
a. intellectual deficiency
b. inability to control tongue movement
c. inability to build up intraoral air pressure
d. abnormal tooth position and arch relationships
The most frequent cause of failure of cast crown restoration is

a. failure to extend the crown prepration adequately into gingival sulcus
b. lack of attention in carving occlusal anatomy of the tooth
c. lack of attention to tooth shape, position and contactsd. Lack of prominent
cusps, deep sulci and sharp marginal ridges
Artifical teeth are best selected from consideration of the

a. pre-extraction records
b. age of the patient
c. shape of the face
d. size of the arch
Did Not Attempt, Correct Answer: a
The best impression technique for recording loose maxillary anterior hyperplastictissue in an edentulous
patient involves
a. registering the tissue in its passive position
b. using high fusing modelling compound
c. closed mouth techinque
d. maximum pressure
Which part of a distal extension removable mandibular partial denture provides thegreatest resistance to movement
and torquing of the abutment teeth
a. rest
b. base
c. retentive clasp
d. minor connector
A patient in excellent health and wearing complete dentures complains of a burningsensation in anterior
palate.This is most likely caused by
a. a nicotinamide deficiency
b. defective occlusal contact
c. failure to relieve the area over the incisive papailla
d. excessice thickness of the denture in the rugae area
The principal function of an indirect retainer is to

a. stabilize against lateral movement
b. prevent settling of the major connector
c. minimize movement of the base away from supporting tissue
d. restrict tissueward movement of the distal extension base of the partial denture

Over extension of a mandibular denture base in distobuccal area will causedislodgement of the denture during
function as the result of the action of the
a. masseter muscle
b. buccinator muscle
c. pterygomandibular raphe
d. lateral tendon of temporalis muscle
A reline for a complete denture is contraindicated when

a. there is extreme overclosure of the vertical diamention
b. centric occlusion and centric relation do not coincide
c. the denture contains a broken tooth
d. there is resorption of the ridge
The most important criterion for a gingival margin on a crown prepration is

that
a. it is dull knife edge
b. its position is subgingival
c. its position is supragingival
d. its position be easily discrenible
Placement of maxillary anterior teeth in complete dentures too far superiorly andanteriorly might result in
difficulty in pronouncing
a. f and v sounds
b. d and t sounds
c. s and thsounds
d. most vowels
A thin application of cavity varnish over the cut surface of a prepared tooth justprior to the cementation of a crown
or a bridge with zinc phosphate cement will
a. impede the seating of the restoration
b. insulate the tooth against thermal change
c. increase the possibility of thermal sensitivity
d. reduce the possibility of irritation of the pulp
Metal-ceramic restorations may fail due to fracture of ceramic material. This can bebest be avoided if
a. occlusal forces are minimal
b. the metal is not over 0.5 mm thick
c. the ceramic material is at least 1.5 mm thick
d. the casting is designed to reduce stress concentration in the ceramic material
For a removable partial denture, the lack of indirect retention would bemanifested by
a. tissueward movement of the distal extension base of the prosthesis
b. movement away from the tissue of the extension base of the prosthesis
c. settling of the major connector of the prosthesis
d. lateral and medial movement of the extension base of the prosthesis
An advantage of rubber-base impression material over reversible hydrocolloid materialis that rubber base
impression material
a. will displace soft tissue
b. requires less armamentarium
c. is significantly more accurate

The posterior palatal bar should be placed in a relationship
a. to incorporate the hamular notch on each side
b. which is anterior to the junction of the movable and immovable soft palate
c. which is posterior to the junction of the movable and immovable soft palate
d. extending from one hamular notch to the other hamular notch across the fovea palatinae
The topography of a rest should

a. enhance the bracing
b. augment retension
c. restore the natural contours of the tooth
d. provide balancing contacts in lateral jaw movements
The most common cause of cheek biting with dentures is

a. porcelain denture teeth
b. absence of buccal horizontal overlap
c. crossbite relationship of posterior teeth
d. complete denture- partial denture combination
Porcelain is strongest when in a state of

a. tension
b. torsion
c. neutrality
d. compression
A frequent problem encountered with major connectors is

a. insufficent ridigity
b. tarnish and corrosion in the mouth
c. increased salivation of the patient
d. allergic response of the patient to the material
The primary hazard in relining complete denture involves

a. reducing retension
b. reducing stability
c. changing phonetics
d. changing occlusion
The only method by which the hinge axis can be accurately located is by
a. palpatation with the condyles in their most retruded, unstrained position in the glenoid fossa
b. measuring 11 mm from the tragus on the tragus-ala line
c. using a face-bow with fully adjustable condylar rods
d. measuring approximately 0.5 inch from the tragus on the tragus-canthus line
For a removable partial denture, the lack of indirect retention would be manifestedby
d. lateral and medial movement of the extension base of the prosthesis
An advantage of rubber-base impression material over reversible hydrocolloidmaterial is that rubber

base impression material
a. will displace soft tissueb. requires less armamentariumc. is significantly more accurated. is more accurate if saliva,
mucous or blood is present

The posterior palatal bar should be placed in a relationship
a. to incorporate the hamular notch on each side
b. which is anterior to the junction of the movable and immovable soft palate
c. which is posterior to the junction of the movable and immovable soft palate
d. extending from one hamular notch to the other hamular notch across the fovea palatinae
The topography of a rest should

a. enhance the bracing
b. augment retension
c. restore the natural contours of the tooth
d. provide balancing contacts in lateral jaw movements
The most common cause of cheek biting with dentures is

a. porcelain denture teeth
b. absence of buccal horizontal overlap
c. crossbite relationship of posterior teeth
d. complete denture- partial denture combination
Porcelain is strongest when in a state of

a. tension
b. torsion
c. neutrality
d. compression
A frequent problem encountered with major connectors is

a. insufficent ridigity
b. tarnish and corrosion in the mouth
c. increased salivation of the patient
d. allergic response of the patient to the material
The primary hazard in relining complete denture involves

a. reducing retension
b. reducing stability
c. changing phonetics
d. changing occlusion
The only method by which the hinge axis can be accurately located is by
a. palpatation with the condyles in their most retruded, unstrained position in the glenoid fossa
b. measuring 11 mm from the tragus on the tragus-ala line
c. using a face-bow with fully adjustable condylar rods
d. measuring approximately 0.5 inch from the tragus on the tragus-canthus line
The error which most frequently contributes to poor esthetics of dentures is thepractice of placing maxillary teeth
a. too far below the lip line
b. directly over the edentulous ridge
c. too far to the facial of the edentulous ridge
d. too far to the lingual of the edentulous ridge

In soldering a reason for leaving a narrow space between parts to be joined is toallow for
a. flow of the solder
b. cleansing of the parts
c. uniform application of heat
d. contraction of the solder on solidification
Teeth are some times tipped from the normal vertical direction .As a rule,these teethshould not be used as
abutments if they are tipped more than
a. 10 degrees
b. 17 degrees
c. 24 degrees
d. 30 degrees
Which of the landmarks are not included in the postdam area

a. pterygomaxillary notch
b. fovea palatinus
c. vibrating line
d. hamular process
A 65 yr old pt ,wearing complete dentures,complaints of inability to chew food oftired jaws and of teeth
clicking while talking .Which of the following should correct thispatients problem
a. using nonanatomic tooth
b. using a closed mouth impression procedure
c. decreasing the vertical diamention of occlusion
d. increasing the vertical overlap of the maxiallary anterior teeth
In the design of the occlusal rest seats which of the following statements properlyapplies
a. occlusal rests should be kept to a minimum size on all the teeth
b. occlusal rest seats need not be prepared if adequate occlusal clearence is already present
c. occlusal rest seat preprations should be spoon shaped,lacking sharp angles, and floor should slope from the
marginal ridge towards the centre of the tooth
d. occlusal rest seats should inclline gingivally at the marginal ridge
Which of the following is not a determinant of occlusion

a. rest position
b. condylar inclination
c. intercondylar distance
d. distance of the teeth from the condyle
The most reliable method of recording centric occlusion when constructing amandibular bilateral distal
extension partial denture occluding with natural teeth is toconstruct a stabilized occlusal rim
a. for the mandibular master cast and record the relationship with baseplate wax
b. for the mandibular master cast and record the relationship with utility wax
c. for mandibular master cast and record the relationship with zinc oxide -eugenolregistration paste
d. attached to the finished partial denture frame work and record the relationship with zincoxide-eugenol registration
paste

In examining the edentulous mouth of an aged patient who has worn maxillarycomplete dentures for many
years against six mandibular anterior teeth,a dentistshould except to find
a. cystic degeneration of the foramina of the anterior palatine nerve
b. loss of the osseous structures in the anterior maxillary arch
c. flabby ridge tissue in the posterior maxillary arch
d. insufficent interocclusal distance
For a removable partial denture, the lack of indirect retension would be manifestedby
d. lateral medial movement of the extension base of the prosthesis
The effectiveness of condensation in the prevention of porcelain shrinkage

isdetermined by
a. shape and size of the particle
b. thickness of the platinum matrix
c. speed of increase of furnace heat
d. use of a powder containing particles that are all the same size
A partial denture major connector should be designed to

a. connect rigidly the bilateral components
b. not interfere with lateral forces
c. act as a stress breaker
d. dissipate vertical forces
The bennett movement exerts its greatest influence in

a. lateral movement
b. protrusive movement
c. opening movement
d. closing movement
Proper lip support is provided primarily by the

a. labial surface of the teeth and simulated attached gingiva
b. thickness of the border in the vestible
c. festooned carvings on the labial surface
d. convex surface of the labial flange
A complete clasp assembly consists of a

a. retentive arm and a reciprocal arm
b. circumferential arm and a bar type arm
c. proxiaml plate and a retentive arm
d. retentive arm,an occlusal rest,and reciprocating elements
Rough,poorly-polished areas of pontic cause

a. halitosis
b. discomfort
c. chronic imflammation
d. all of the above

In developing balanced occlusion of complete dentures during tooth arrangement, asteep condylar path associated with a low degree
of incisal guidance requires that thecompensating curve be
a. flat
b. prominent
c. shallow
d. reverse
A porcelain jacket crown will fracture when

a. used in an end-to-end occlusion
b. allowed to contact the opposing teeth in centric occlusion
c. subjected to tensile forces by the oppsoing teeth
d. subjected to the compressive forces by the opposing teeth
The major components of high noble metal alloys in metal ceramic

restorations are
a. Au and Pt or Zn
b. Au and Cu or Ag
c. Au and Pt or Pd
d. Pt and Pd or Sn
The most likely reason for breakage of a maxillary denture along the median line is
a. alveolar resorption
b. porosity of the denture base material
c. over-relief of the incisive papilla
d. inadequate extension of the posterior palatal seal
The type of pontic most commonly used in the posterior maxillary area is the
a. saddle
b. Sanitary
c. ridge lap
d. spheroidal
Ridge soreness in denture patients may be associated with

a. gagging
b. malocclusion
c. overextension
d. lack of retension
Several teeth are splinted together as abutments for a fixed prosthesis to

a. resist lateral forces
b. resist vertical forces
c. facilitate plaque control
d. improve retention of the prosthesis
Occlusal rest seats for removable partial dentures are prepared primarily to
a. protect occluslal forces
b. stabilize the partial dentures
c. resist lateral chewing forces
d. resist vertical forces of occlusion

The function of fluoride flux in soldering of dental cobalt-chromium alloys or of twostainless steel components
is to
a. lower the melting range of the solder
b. reduce the copper oxide of the alloy
c. reduce the chromium oxide of the alloy
d. stop the flow of the molten solder over the undesired area
Porcelain baked on to a high-fusing gold green discoluration cervically.This is mostlikely due to

a. a film of excess oxide
b. overfiring the porcelain
c. disintegration of the opacifier
d. contamination of metal by copper traces
Dental impression compund is characterized by having a

a. specific melting point
b. crystalline atomic structure
c. cross-linkage reaction upon heating
d. relatively low thermal conductivity
Incold-curing denture resin,the activator is

a. hydroquinone
b. sodium sulfide
c. benzoyl peroxide
d. a tertiary amine
Major connectors of a maxillary partial denture may be beaded to

a. produce a stronger frame work
b. aid in retension of the denture
c. hold acrylic to the metal frame work
d. produce positive contact against the tissue
The prime purpose of selective grinding is to

a. reduce vertical diamention
b. enhance masticatory efficiency
c. remove interferences in lateral excrusions
d. remove interferences with out destroying cusp height
In processing methyl methacrylate, the resin may show some porosities if the flask isplaced immediately in
boiling water.This type of porosity is most likely to occur
a. throughout the denture
b. in the thinnest part of the denture
c. in the thickest part of the denture
d. close to the surface of the denture
To be biologically and mechanically acceptable, a soldered joint of a fixed partialdenture should be so formed that it
a. extends to the facial margin of the retainer
b. fills the entire interproximal space occlusogingivally
c. is thin occlusiogingivally and wide faciolingually
d. is circular in form and occupies the region of the contact area

The setting time of zinc oxide-euginol impression pastes can be accelerated by theaddition of a small amount of
a. water
b. glycerin
c. petrolalum
d. plaster of paris
At which of the following positions is sibilant sound usually produced

a. rest position
b. occluding position
c. open from rest position
d. between rest and occluding positions
A patient wearing complete denture has trouble swallowing .What is the mostprobable cause
a. excessive interocclusal space
b. insufficent interocclusal space
c. posterior teeth set too far facially on the maxillary denture
d. posterior teeth set too close to the bearing area on the maxillary denture
Which of the following ligaments limits posterior movement of the condyle

a. capsular
b. stylomandibular
c. sphenomandibular
d. temporomandibuar
Abroken stress or nonrigid-type fixed partial denture is indicated when

a. two or three missing teeth to be replaced
b. retainers cannot be prepared to draw together with out recessive tooth reduction
c. fixed splinting involves two or three abutment teeth
d. retainers can be designed to have equal retentive qualities
If the interocclusal distance is increased beyond physiologic limits, the patients chiefcomplaint may result from
a. a muscular imbalance
b. an occlusal disharmony in centric
c. a displacement of the mandibular denture
d. a displacement of the maxillary denture while yawning
Facial margins of an anterior 3/4 crown should be

a. lingual to the contact area
b. hidden in the contact area so the gold will not be visible from the facial aspect
c. extended facially to a cleanable area with out destroying the facial contour of the tooth
d. well extended to the facial surface to provide a sufficent area for a sound solder joint
Partial veneer crowns are most often contraindicated for

a. long teeth
b. tipped teeth
c. rotated teeth
d. badly carious teeth

The most likely-tissue reaction to gross overextension of a complete denture that hasbeen worn for a long time is
a. epulis fissuratum
b. pyogenic granuloma
c. papillary hyperplasia
d. gaint cell reparative granuloma
Reversible and irreversible hydrocolloid impression material have in common thecharacteristic that
a. both materials can be converted from gel to sols
b. gelation of both materials is retarded by temperature increases
c. both materials can be succesfully stored in humidors with out significant diamentionalchange
d. inaccuracies in the completed impressions made from both materials can be caused by fracture of the fibrils during
gelation
The first step in relining a distal extension removable partial denture is to

a. correct the occlusion
b. boder mold the denture base
c. verify the fit of the framework
d. eliminate the undercuts in the denture base
Thedistal palatal termination of the maxillary denture base is dictated by the

a. tuberosityb. posterior palatal seal c. vibrating lined. fovea palatinae
Prolonged sensitivity to heat, cold and presure after cementation of a crown or afixed partial denture is usually related to
a. occlusal trauma
b. improper cementation
c. impingement on the marginal gingiva
d. failure to desensitize the abutment teeth
Centric relation is a
a. tooth to tooth relationship
b. mandible to condyle relationship
c. mandible to skull relationship
d. maxilla to skull relationship
The function of the reciprocal clasp arm is to

a. counter act any forces transmitted by the retentive arm
b. act as direct retainer for the distal base
c. perform as an indirect retainer
d. stabilize the abutment teeth
Thegelation of irreversible hydrochloride is retarded by

a. borax
b. potassium alginate
c. trisodium phosphate
d. calcium sulfate dihydrate

Excessive depth of the posterior palatal seal will usually result in
a. unseating of the denture
b. a tingiling sensation
c. greater retension
d. increased gaging
When surveying casts, the correct procedure is to first

a. use an arbitrary tilt to create undercuts
b. locate undercuts with casts placed on a horizontal plane
c. adjust the tilt to permit the establishment of guiding planes
d. establish an anterior tilt for maxillary cast and a posterior tilt for mandibular cast
One of the constituents of a dental gypsum-bonded investment that functions as abinder for the mass is
a. quartz
b. silica
c. graphite
d. calcium sulfate hemihydrate
The medical history of an edentulous patient may disclose a systemicdisturbance .Which one of the following
conditions would be of the most concern to thedentist
a. anemia
b. diabetics
c. osteoporosis
d. rheumatic fever
Which of the following is an effect of drying the prepared tooth with alcohol andwarm air rather than wiping it
dry before cementation of a crown
a. the cement sets more rapidly
b. possibilities of pulp damage are increased
c. possibilities of pulp damage are decreased
d. the set cement has increased crushing strength
In planning treatment for a patient with malposed teeth and diastema,which of thefollowing would best indicate the esthetic
result
a. analysis of the occlusion
b. amoount of alveolar bone support
c. properly used diagnostic cast
d. appearence and health of gingival tissues
In which of the following instances is relining of a complete denture indicated

a. when denture base has deteriorated
b. when there is resorption of the residual ridges
c. when there is a broken tooth in the denture
d. when there is a 4 mm over closure of the occlusial vertical diamention
Esthetics of a removable partial denture may dependent on the

a. morphology of natural anterior teeth
b. established path of placement
c. type of indirect retension
d. all of the above

A patient has an endodontically-treated tooth restored with a cast post and core andcrown.the patient complaints of
symptoms to biting force but tooth mobility is withinnormal range.Radiographic evidence appears normal.The
most probable reson for thesymptom is
a. loose crown resulting in gingival irritation
b. premature centric contact
c. vertical root fracture
d. psycosomatic
The nonrigid connector may be used in fixed bridges in those cases involving
a. long span bridges replacing two or more teeth
b. short span bridges replacing one missing tooth where the prepared abutment teeth are notin parallel alignment
c. long span bridges opposing a mucosa-borne partial denture where the anterior retainer ofthe bridge strikes an
opposing natural tooth,but the distal portion of the bridge is inocclusion with the removable partial denture
d. long or short span bridges where one of the abutment teeth has limited periodontal support
In an edentulous patient, the coronoid may

a. limit the distal extension of the mandibular denture
b. affect the position and arrangement of posterior teeth
c. determine the location of the posterior palatal seal of the maxillary denture
d. limit the thickness of the denture flange in the maxillary buccal space
Three weeks after insertion of a fixed bridge,marked discomfort to heat and coldbut not to sweet.the most
likely diagnosis is
a. gingival recession
b. unseating of the bridge
c. deflective occlusal contact
d. incomplete coverage of cut surfaces of prepared abutment teeth
When selecting the color of the cement to use for cementing a porcelain jacketcrown,the powder being tested is best mixed with
a. glycerin-water solution
b. cement liqiud
c. alcohol
d. water
The drug of choice in monilial infection is

a. nystatin
b. pencillin
c. a sulfa drug
d. tertacycline
The maxillary incisiors in a complete denture will look larger and lighter when theyare arranged
a. farther forward
b. farther posteriorly
c. with a space between them
d. with overlapping mesials of centrals

The face bow is used to record
a. centric relation
b. relation of mandible to the maxilla
c. relation to the maxilla to the temporomandibular joint
d. relation to the mandibule to the temporomandibular joint
The function of compensating curve is

a. to help provide a balanced occlusion in complete dentures when the mandible is protruded
b. to aid in establishing an incisal guide plane
c. the same as the function of the curve of spee
d. none of the above
A midline fracture of the maxillary denture is most often due to

a. the acrylic being too thin
b. the patient biting too hard
c. use of poor grade of acrylic
d. excessive resorption of the alveolar ridges
The residual ridge may resorb down to the level of basal bone.When this occurs onthe mandible ,the denture wearer may
coomplain of tingling and intermittent pain tothe lower lip on one or both sides of the midline during
mastication.This is due to
a. trigeminal neuralgia
b. impingement on the facial nerve
c. denture base pressure on the area of the mental foramen
d. overextension of the denture base on the mentalis muscle
If a tooth must be extracted,the main reason the dentist should convince the patientthat the extracted tooth should be replaced is to
a. restore esthetics
b. restore functionc. restore good phonetics
d. prevent changes in position and contact relationships of remaning teeth
Porcelain jacket crowns are often contraindicated when

a. teeth are hypoplastic
b. there is excessive horizontal overlap
c. decay is extensive and pulp is still vital
d. there is excessive vertical overlap with little or no horizontal overlap
The most effective means of limiting applied loads to abutment teeth in distalextension partial denture is by
a. using stress breaker
b. splinting abutments to the adjucent teeth
c. using abutment teeth without splinting
d. maintaining a stable base-tissue relationship
Two of the most common cause for complete dentures to click are
a. reduced vertical diamention and improperly balanced occlusion
b. excessive vertical diamention and poor denture retension
c. use of too large a posterior tooth and too little horizontal overlap
d. improper relation of teeth to the ridge and excessive anterior vertical overlap

In order to obtain greatest accuracy of dies, a polysulfide impression of preparedabutment teeth is taken directly with
a. as much bulk of impression material between the tray and the teeth as possible
b. a tray which has been formed from a previously made cast of the patient
c. the smallest possible bulk of the impression material
d. a stock tray
A tooth which has not been in function and is now being used as an abutment maybecome symptomatic.This most likely
results from
a. pulpal reaction
b. localized osteoclastic activity
c. change in trabulacular pattern
d. reaction within the periodontal ligament
An advantage of polysulfide impression material over reversible

hydrocolloidmaterial is that polysulfide impression material
a. will displace soft tissue
b. requires less armamentarium
c. is significantly more accurate
d. is more accurate if saliva, mucous or blood is present
The incisal guidence on the articulator is the

a. mechanical equivalent of horizontal and vertical overlap
b. mechanical equivalent of the compensating curve
c. same as the condylar guidence
d. horizontal guidence
Centic relation is a
a. tooth-to-tooth relationship
b. mandible-to-condyle relationship
c. mandible-to-skull relationship
d. maxilla-to skull relationship
A patient is missing a mandibular first molar.The maxillary molar has extrudedapproximately 2.8 mm into the
space.Periodontal health is acceptable .Restoringsatisfactory occlusion with fixed partial denture will require
a. extraction of the maxillary molar
b. reducing and restoring the maxillary molar to a normal occlusal plane
c. reducing and polishing the maxillary molar to a normal occlusal plane
d. no treatment is required
The greatest potential for wear exists between

a. tooth and gold
b. tooth and tooth
c. porcelain and tooth
d. porcelain and porcelain
Porosity in a heat-activated acrylic resin denture base is most frequently caused by

a. heating the case too slowelyb. packing during the doughy stagec. processing for 9 hrs at 150 degree F d. lack of
pressure on the resinous mass

A crown casting with a chamfer margin fits the die.In the mouth the casting is openapproximately 0.3 mm.
A satisfactory fit and an accurate physiologic contour of thegingival area of the crown can be best achieved by
a. releving the inside of the occlusal surface of the casting to allow for further seating
b. mechanical burnishing
c. using finishing burs and points to remove the enamel margins on the tooth
d. taking a new impression and remaking the crown
Tooth-borne removable partial dentures should normally have the rests located
a. next to the edentulous areas
b. away from the edentulous areas
c. primarily on molars because they are the strongest teeth
d. on as few teeth as feasible in order to preserve as many teeth as possible
Which of the following design characteristics of a partial denture is most

importantto oral health
a. bracing
b. support
c. stability
d. retention
When the mandible is in its physiologic rest position, the distance betweenoccluding surfaces of maxillary and
mandibular teeth or occlusal rim is
a. centric occlusion
b. vertical diamention
c. interocclusal distance
d. vertical diamention of rest
In determining the posterior limit of a maxillary denture base,which of thefollowing is on the posterior border
a. hamular notch
b. hamular process
c. fovea palatini
d. vibrating line
Chroma is that aspect of color that indicates

a. degree of translucency
b. degree of saturation of hue
c. combined effect of hue and value
d. all of the above
The type of load on teeth that is most destructive to the periodontium is the
a. vertical
b. oblique
c. horizontal
d. all of the above
The relationship of denture base to bone that resists dislodgement of the denture inhorizontal direction is
a. support
b. pressure
c. esthetics
d. stability
The most likely tissue reaction to gross overextension of a complete denture that hasbeen worn for a long time is
d. gaint cell reparative granuloma
Elongated grains in the microstructure of a wrought wire indicates that it has been
a. cold worked
b. recrystallized
c. stress relif annealed
d. hardened by heat treatment
Speech diffuculties related to complete dentures can be avoided by

a. moving the maxillary incisiors anteriorly
b. placing the artifical teeth as close as possible to the position of the natural teeth
c. providing spaces or diastema between the incisiors
d. thickening of the denture base on the palate immediately behind the incisors
In a posterior fixed partial denture, a pontic should be in

a. infraocclusion to reduce the load placed on the appliance
b. supraocclusion to insure good function
c. contact in centric occlusion, in working and in non-working
d. contact in centric occlusion, may or may not be in contact in working,but not in contact innon-working
The primary purpose of rinsing a set impression with a watery mix of dental stoneis to
a. increase the gel strength
b. prevent further gelation
c. retard shrinkage due to syneresis
d. remove the residual saliva from the surface of the impressions
In removable partial denture design,guiding plane serve to

a. aid in balanced occulsion
b. assure predictable clasp retension
c. form right angles to the occlusal plane
d. eliminate the necessity for precision attachments
Proper lip support for a patient with complete dentures is provided primarily by
a. convex surface of the labial flange
b. rounded countours of the interdental papilla
c. thickness of the border in the vestibule
d. facial surfaces of the teeth and sumilated attached gingiva
Excessive vertical diamention of occlusion may result in

a. poor denture retension
b. increased interocclusal distance
c. drooping of the corners of the mouth
d. trauma to the underlying supporting tissues

A patient who wears complete denture is having trouble pronouncing the letter t.This is probably caused by
a. too thick a palatal seal area
b. too thick a base in the mandibular denture
c. incorrect positioning of the maxillary incisiors
d. improper positioning of the mandibular incisiors
At the wax try in,the maxillary plane apears to be correct,yet when the patientcloses lightly in centric relation,the
mandibular teeth appear to show too much.thepatients lip donot contact unless the patient forces them to do so. The error
that hasmost likely occured is
a. excessive amount of free way space
b. excessive vertical diamention of occlusion
c. over closed vertical diamention of occlusion
d. inaccurate face-bow transfer
When making a polysulfide impression for a cast crown ,custom trays are usuallypreferred
over stock trays for all the following resons except
a. custom trays require less impression material
b. custom trays facilitate uniform contraction of the impression material
c. impressions made in the custom trays are easier to remove from the mouth
d. stock trays may be short in the flange area
When the posterior maxillary buccal space is entirely filled with the dentureflange,interference may occur with the
movement of the
a. masseter muscle
b. coronoid process
c. condylar process
d. zygomatic process
Which of the following will increase retension of a complete denture

a. xerostomia
b. airchamber in the midpalate
c. increased salivary film thickness
d. accurate adaptation of the denture base to the mucosa
Which of the following materials will produce the most rigid restoration for frameworks of the same diamention
a. palladium alloys
b. wrought gold
c. cobalt-chromium alloys
d. partial denture casting gold in the hardened condition
When a removable partial denture is completely seated,the retentive terminals ofthe retentive clasp arms should be
a. passive and applying no pressure on the teeth
b. contacting the abutment teeth in the suprabulge area
c. resting lightly on the height of contour line on the abutment teeth
d. applying a definite, positive force on the abutment teeth inorder to prevent dislodgement of the removable partial
denture

Which of the following is likely to occur under the distal extension maxillary partialdenture of a patient with pagets
disease
a. the bone is cotton wool and will be resorbed rapidly,thus making frequent rebasingnecessary
b. the bone will tend to expand and the partial denture will have to be remade periodically
c. the bone will become very dense and hard ,thus,soreness of the basal seat is likely to occur
d. nothing will occur because maxillary bone is not usually affected
Which of the following is a major disadvantage to immediate complete denturetherapy

a. trauma to the extraction sites
b. increased potential for infection
c. impossibility for an anterior try-in
d. excessive resorption of residual ridges
Which of the following land marks is not included in the postdam area
a. pterygomaxillary notch
b. fovea palatinus
c. vibrating line
d. hamular process
Teeth are some times tipped from the normal vertical direction.As a rule these teethcannot be used as abutment if they are tipped
more than
a. 10 degree
b. 17 degree
c. 24 degree
d. 36 degree
Aesthetic results attainable in a treatment plan involving malposed teeth anddiastema can be determined by
a. apearence and health of gingival tissues
b. proper use of diagnostic casts
c. periodontal involment
d. alveolar bone support
Splinting of several teeth together as abutment for a fixed prosthesis is done to

a. distribute occlusal load
b. facilitate plaque control
c. improve retension of the prosthesis
d. preserve remaning alveolar bone support
Reversible and irreversible hydrocolloid impression material have in common thecharacteristic that
a. both materials can be converted from gel to sols
b. inaccuracies in the completed impression made from both materials can be caused by fracture of the fibrils during
gelation
c. gelation of both materials is retarded by temperature increase
d. both materials can be succesfully stored in humidors without any significant diamentionalchange
The usual cause of clicking of the posterior teeth when a patient speaks is
a. decreased vertical diamention of occlusion
b. increased vertical diamention of occlusio
nc. posterior teeth set too far lingually
d. posterior teeth set too far facially

A crown casting with a chamfer margin fits the die.In the mouth,the casting is openapproximately 0.3mm.A
satisfactory fit and an accurate physiologic contour of thegingival area of the crown can be best be achieved by
a. mechanical burnishing
b. using finishing burs and points to remove the enamel margins on the tooth
c. making a new impression and remaking the crown
d. reliving the inside of the occlusal surface of the casting to allow for further seating
In designing a retainer on a noncarious mandibular first premolar abutment with ashort clinical crown,which
of the following restorations is most appropriate
a. an inlay
b. a full crown
c. an MOD onlay
d. a reverse 3 by 4 crown
Faliure of partial dentures due to poor clasp design can be best avoided by
a. using stress breakers
b. using intracoronal attachments
c. altering tooth contours
d. clasping only those teeth with fairly long crowns and normal bone support
Speech difficulties related to complete dentures can be avoided by

a. moving the maxillary incisiors anteriorly
b. moving the maxillary incisiors posteriorly
c. placing the artifical teeth as close as possible to the position of the natural teeth
d. thickening the denture base on the palate immediately behind the incisiors
For both the sh and s sounds,the tongue makes contact with the
a. mandibular incisiors
b. maxillary premolars
c. maxillary second molars
d. anterior third of the hard palate
Self-cured resin rather than heat-cured resin,is generally recommened for repair ofdentures because the
a. risk of distorting the denture is less
b. self curing resin forms a stronger bond
c. water sorption of the heat-cured material is some what higher
d. residual monomer is removed from the self cured material more readily
The dentist can best control the setting time of irreversible hydrocolloid impressionmaterial by altering the
a. mixing time
b. water temperature
c. water-powder ratio
d. amount of retarder added
If an acrylic resin mixture is packed into a denture flask during the sandy orstringy stages,the resulting
finished denture would most likely
a. show no change
b. contain porosities
c. cause an open bite
d. exibit a high-impact strength

At the first appoinment after insertion of complete dentures,the presence ofgeneralised soreness on the crest of the mandibular ridge
is most likely due to
a. improper occlusion
b. the newness of the denture
c. defective tissue regestration
d. incomplete polymerisation of the denture base
Diamentional stability of a zinc oxide-euginol impression is most likely to be afectedby

a. increased spatulation
b. decreased spatulation
c. failure to cool the mixing slab
d. not using a custom-made imression tray
A procelin jacket crown will fracture when

a. used in an end-to-end occlusion
b. it is allowed to contact the oppoosing teeth in centric occlusion
c. it is subjected to tensile forces by the opposing teeth
d. it is subjected to compressive forces by the opposing teeth
Before an accurate face-bow transfer record can be made,it is necessary todetermine

a. the axial center of opening-closing rotation
b. the inclination of each condyle
c. the physiologic rest position
d. centric relation
Over activity of the parathyroid galnd may result in

a. rapid resorption of the alveolar bone
b. excessive deposition of the bone and thightness of the dentures
c. soreness of tissues as in the case of vitamin deficency
d. excessive deposits of calculus on the dentures
In the design for a maxillary cast removable partial denture frame work,a doublebar major connector is indicated
when
a. maximum palatal support is required
b. a high vault is present
c. a single palatal bar connector would flex
d. an acrylic plate is to be used
The most frequent cause of porosity in a porcelain restoration is

a. moisture contamination
b. excessive firing temperature
c. excessive condensation of the porcelain
d. inadequate condensation of the porcelain
The most significant radiographic observation that suggests whether alveolar boneis capable of withstanding
occlusal forces of a removable partial denture is the
a. condition of the cortical plate
b. radiooapcity of the trabecuale
c. architecture of the trabeculae
d. bone level surrounding the abutment teeth

In the prepration of a rest seat,the marginal ridge of a molar tooth has beenreduced approximately 2mm.and the
correct width of the rest seat has beenestablished.Next ,the marginal ridge must be rounded in order to
a. reduce food trapping around the rest
b. reduce the possibility of fracture of the metal rest
c. achieve better distrubution of the vertical load
d. provide better retension by the clasp
The porcelain constituent that fuses at firing temperature and forms a matrix is
a. kaolin
b. quartz
c. feldspar
d. aluminum oxide
Functional stresses applied to any portion of a partial denture can be distributedthroughout

the mouth only when the major and minor connectors are
a. rigid
b. flexible
c. cast in a base-metel alloy
d. positioned in the same plane
When constructing complete dentures,the most effective time to check for phoneticsis
a. when maxillary anterior teeth have been set
b. when occlusal rims are attached to bases
c. when finished dentures are inserted
d. at the time of the wax try-in of the trial denture
On the articulator,the incisal guidance is the

a. horizontal guidence
b. same as condylar guidence
c. mechanical equivalent of curve of spee
d. mechanical equivalent of horizontal and vertical overlap
The increased salivation that may occur in a patient for a time after insertion of acomplete denture is most
likely due to
a. direct stimulation of the salivary glands by the dentures
b. release of chemical mediator from the adrenal medulla because of the apprehension of the patient
c. reflex parasympathetic stimulation of the salivary gland
d. direct stimulation of the sympathic ganglia controlling the functions of the salivary glands
During the processing of complete dentures,tin foil substitute is painted over themold surface to prevent the
a. resin from adhering to the mould
b. teeth from adhering to the gypsum
c. loss of color from the denture resin
d. denture base resin from being stained
The total occlusal load applied to a removable partial denture is influenced by the
a. occlusal surface width of the existing teeth
b. occlusal efficency of the existing teeth
c. number of existing teeth
d. all of the above

At which of the following position is sibiliant sound usually produced
a. rest position
b. occluding position
c. open from rest position
d. between rest and occluding position
A free way space is located between

a. the edentulous ridges
b. masticatory surfaces of the teeth when the mouth is fully open
c. masticatory surfaces of the teeth at rest vertical relation
d. nose and the chin
The means by which one part of a partial denture framework opposes the action ofthe retainer in function is
a. tripoding
b. reciprocation
c. stress-breaking
d. indirect retension
When dental plaster (typeII) and improved stone (typeIV) are compared ,dentalplaster
a. has the higher setting expansion
b. has a higher dry compressive strength
c. has a higher wet compressive strength
d. causes a higher temperature rise during setting per unit volume
The effectiveness of condensing porcelain powder to reduce shrinkage is determinedby

a. shape and size of the particle
b. thickness of the platinum matrix
c. speed of increase of furnace heat
d. use of a powder contaning particles that are all the same size
Exposure of a stone cast to tap water should be minimised because

a. the cast will be weakened
b. eroding of the cast will result
c. diamensional change will occur in the cast
d. the surface of the cast will acquire a chalky appearence
In cobalt-chromium alloy, the constituent responsible for corrosion resistance is

a. silver
b. nickel
c. cobalt
d. chromium
In dental plaster the main ingredient is

a. calcium sulfate hemihydrate
b. calcium sulfate dihydrate
c. calcium phosphate
d. calcium anhydrate

In determining the posterior limit of a maxillary denture base, which of thefollowing is on the posterior border
a. hamular notch
b. hamular process
c. fovea palatini
d. vibrating line
The most likely tissue reaction to gross over extension of a complete denture thathas been worn for a long time is
d. gaint cell reperative granuloma
A patient who wears complete dentures is having trouble prouncing the letter t.Thisis probably caused by
a. too thick palatal seal area
b. too thick a base in the mandibular denture
c. incorrect positioning of maxillary incisior
d. improper positioning of the mandibular incisior
The catalyst employed in self cured resins is

a. hydroquinone
b. Methylmethacrylate
c. styrene
d. benzoin methyl ether
Which of the following may result if an excessive amount of monomer isincorporated into an acrylic resin
mixture
a. excesive expansion
b. excessive shrinkage
c. low impact strength
d. excessive brittleness
Of the following, reduction in salivary flow is not generally seen in

a. elderly diabetic patient
b. patients with parkinsons disease
c. patients receiving phenothiazines
d. patients undergoing radiation therapy
Ear prosthesis can be best made from

a. heat cured acrylic
b. self cured acrylic
c. silicone implant
d. metallic implant
A reliable guide for positioning maxillary anterior teeth in complete dentures is the
a. fovea palatine
b. incisive papilla
c. length of the maxillary teeth
d. center of the residual ridge

The relationship of the denture base to bone that resists dislodgement of thedenture in a horizontal direction is
a. support
b. pressure
c. esthetics
d. stability
Over dentures have the following advantage over conventional complete dentures
a. proprioception via the periodontal membrane facilitates denture control
b. the minimum thershold at which loading on the denture can be detected is higher
c. they are stronger and less viable to fracture
d. the rate of the alveolar bone resorption is increased
Self cured acrylic resins differ from heat cured acrylic resins in that they
a. have a high molecular weight
b. have a higher residual monomer content
c. are less porous
d. have a greater transverse strength
In a cold cure denture resin, the activator is

a. hydroquinone
b. sodium sulfide
c. benzoyl peroxide
d. a tertiary amine

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Which of the following characteristics of inlay wax is its major disadvantage ?

When porcelain is baked against metal, it should possess a

As the gold content of a dental solder decreases,the

An anterior fixed partial denture is contraindicated when

In an alginate impression material, trisodium phosphate is the

An abutment tooth exibiting an unfavorable survey line should

The principal factor in minimizing the firing shrinkage of porcelain is the

Excessive vertical diamention may result in

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The most frequent cause of failure of cast crown restoration is

Artifical teeth are best selected from consideration of the

The principal function of an indirect retainer is to

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A reline for a complete denture is contraindicated when

The most important criterion for a gingival margin on a crown prepration is

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The topography of a rest should

The most common cause of cheek biting with dentures is

Porcelain is strongest when in a state of

A frequent problem encountered with major connectors is

The primary hazard in relining complete denture involves

An advantage of rubber-base impression material over reversible hydrocolloidmaterial is that rubber

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The topography of a rest should

The most common cause of cheek biting with dentures is

Porcelain is strongest when in a state of

A frequent problem encountered with major connectors is

The primary hazard in relining complete denture involves

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Which of the landmarks are not included in the postdam area

Which of the following is not a determinant of occlusion

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The effectiveness of condensation in the prevention of porcelain shrinkage

A partial denture major connector should be designed to

The bennett movement exerts its greatest influence in

Proper lip support is provided primarily by the

A complete clasp assembly consists of a

Rough,poorly-polished areas of pontic cause

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A porcelain jacket crown will fracture when

The major components of high noble metal alloys in metal ceramic

Ridge soreness in denture patients may be associated with

Several teeth are splinted together as abutments for a fixed prosthesis to

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Porcelain baked on to a high-fusing gold green discoluration cervically.This is mostlikely due to

Dental impression compund is characterized by having a

Incold-curing denture resin,the activator is

Major connectors of a maxillary partial denture may be beaded to

The prime purpose of selective grinding is to

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At which of the following positions is sibilant sound usually produced

Which of the following ligaments limits posterior movement of the condyle

Abroken stress or nonrigid-type fixed partial denture is indicated when

Facial margins of an anterior 3/4 crown should be

Partial veneer crowns are most often contraindicated for

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The first step in relining a distal extension removable partial denture is to

Thedistal palatal termination of the maxillary denture base is dictated by the

The function of the reciprocal clasp arm is to

Thegelation of irreversible hydrochloride is retarded by

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When surveying casts, the correct procedure is to first