Cambridge Physics PhD Tutor IB DSE IGCSE SAT

UC Math MA, HKU Chemist hinwahk@gmail.com

HKU 1st Hons Engineer 93197825 AP MCAT GCE

dy dy du
7.5 Chain Rule:
 
dx du dx
Basic Differentiation rules:
Power rule: (x n ) nx n1
Product rule: (uv) uv  uv


Quotient rule:
u   vu uv 
v  v2

dy dy du
Chain rule:  f (g(x))  f (g(x))  g (x) or in other words  
dx du dx

Example 1
 y  (x 2  2x  3)100

y  100(x  2x  3)  (x  2x  3)
2 99 2
chain rule
 100(x  2x  3) (2x  2)
2 99

 200(x 2  2x  3) 99 (x  1)
Example 2
1
 y x  2  (x  2)
2 2 2

1
1 
y  (x 2  2) 2 (x 2  2) chain rule
2
1 1
1 2  
 (x  2) 2x  x(x  2) 2
2 2

2
x

x 2
2

Example 3
4
If g ( x)   find g (x) .
, then
( x 3  4) 8

4  96 x 2
g ( x)   4( x 3  4)  8  g ( x)  32( x 3  4)  9 (3x 2 ) 
( x 3  4) 8 ( x 3  4) 9

Example 4

3
If f ( x)  2 x 4  x 2  5 x  2 , then find f (1) .

3 1
f ( x)  2 x 4  x 2  5 x  2  (2 x 4  x 2  5 x  2) 3  f ( x) 
 Cambridge Physics PhD Tutor IB DSE IGCSE SAT
UC Math MA, HKU Chemist hinwahk@gmail.com
HKU 1st Hons Engineer 93197825 AP MCAT GCE

1 (2 x 4  x 2  5 x  2)  3 (8 x 3  2 x  5) 
2 8x 3  2 x  5

3 4 2 2
3 (2 x  x  5 x  2)
3

825 11 11
f (1)   
33 (2  1  5  2) 2 33 64 12

Example 5
If h( x)  sin(cos x) , then find h(x) .
h( x)  cos(cos x)  ( sin x)
Example 6

If j ( x)  tan(2 x 2  3x  1) , then find j (x) .

j ( x)  sec 2 (2 x 2  3x  1)  (4 x  3)

Example 7

If k ( x)  x 2 3x  4 , then find k (x) .

1  1 
k ( x)  x 2 3x  4  x 2 (3x  4) 2  k ( x)  x 2  1 (3x  4) 2 (3) 
2
 
1
1 3x 2
2 x(3x  4) 2 3x 2  4 x(3x  4)
(3x  4) 2 (2 x)    
1 1 1
2(3x  4) 2 2(3x  4) 2

15 x 2  16 x
1
2(3x  4) 2

Example 8
4
 2x  1 
If l ( x)    , then find l (x) .
 3x  4 
3
 2x  1  (3x  4)(2)  (2 x  1)(3)  4(2 x  1) 3  11 
l ( x)  4      =
 3x  4   (3x  4) 2  (3x  4) 3  (3 x  4) 2 

44(2 x  1) 3
.
(3x  4) 5

Example 9
 Cambridge Physics PhD Tutor IB DSE IGCSE SAT
UC Math MA, HKU Chemist hinwahk@gmail.com
HKU 1st Hons Engineer 93197825 AP MCAT GCE

If s( x)  sin 3 ( x 2  1) , then find s (x) .

s( x)  sin 3 ( x 2  1)  [sin( x 2  1)]3  s ( x)  3[sin( x 2  1)]2  cos( x 2  1)  2 x 

6 x sin 2 ( x 2  1) cos( x 2  1) .

Your Turn!
Q1. Find the derivative of each function defined as follows; there is no need to simplify your answers.

3
(a) y  x 2  3x  4

(b) g ( x)  sin( x )

(c) y  cos 3 x

(d) k ( x)  x 9  x 2

(e) y  sin( 3x) cos(4 x)

(f)  
f ( x)  tan 4 x 3

x 1
(g) y
x 1
1
(h) g ( x)  x sec 
 x
(i) y  1 sin 2 x
Q2
Differentiate with respect to x

1. x  58 
2. 1  x  x 2 5 3. sin 7 x

4. x 3  3x 2  2 x  3 3 5. 1  4x 6. 1  sin x 3

7. 2 cos x 2  1  
8. 2 cos 2 x 2  1  9. x sin 2 x

Differentiate

10. sin 5 u 11. cos s 2  12. cos 2 w

13. 3 sin 3 4 14. sin 2 x cos x  
15. 5 cos 3 3 2

A1

(a)  1
y  x 2  3x  4 3 dy 1 2
dx

3
2

x  3x  4 3 2 x  3 
 Cambridge Physics PhD Tutor IB DSE IGCSE SAT
UC Math MA, HKU Chemist hinwahk@gmail.com
HKU 1st Hons Engineer 93197825 AP MCAT GCE

(b)   1 
g ( x)  cos x   1 x 2 
2
 

y  cos x 3   3cos x 2 ( sin x)

dy
(c)
dx

1  1
 2x  1  2  2 x  1  2  (3x  4)(2)  (2 x  1)(3) 
(d) h( x )     h( x)  2 
1   
 3x  4   3x  4   (3x  4) 2 

(e)  1
 
2
1 
  1
k ( x)  x 9  x 2 2  k ( x)  x  1 9  x 2 2 (2 x)  9  x 2 2 (1)  
 

 sin( 3x) sin( 4 x)(4)  cos(4 x)cos(3x)(3)

dy
(f)
dx

(g)   
f ( x)  tan x 3
4
   sec x 3x 
 f ( x)  4 tan x 3
3 2 3 2

  1 
x  1       1 
x  1  
(h)
dy
 2 x  2 x  d
 dx  x   2 1 x 
dx  x 1 2  

  1   1  1  1
(k) g ( x)  x sec  tan     sec (1)
  x   x  x   x
2

y  1  sin 2 x  2  1  sin 2 x  2 cos 2 x (2)

1 dy 1 1
(i) 
dx 2

A2

1. 8x  57 2. 51  2 x  1  x  x 2 4

 
3. 7 cos 7 x 4. 3 3x 2  6 x  2 x3  3x 2  2 x  3 
2
5.
2
1  4x

6. 3 cos x1  sin x 2 7.  4 x sin x 2  1    

8.  8x cos x 2  1 sin x 2  1 9. 2 x sin x cos x  sin 2 x

10.
5 cos 5 u
2 u
11.  2s sin s 2   12.  2 sin wcos w 13. 36 cos 4 sin 2 4 14. 2 sin x cos 2 x  sin 3 x

 
15.  90 sin 3 2 cos 2 3 2  