Tense Signal words Use Form Examples affirmative Examples negative Examples interrogative

every day
sometimes Utilizado para indicar ações habituais
Do I work?
always que ocorrem no presente. I work. I don't work.
Infinitive Does he work?
often Além disso, ele é usado para He works. He doesn't work.
Simple Present he/she/it + -s Do I go?
usually expressar verdades universais, I go. I don't go.
Does he go?
seldom sentimentos, desejos, opiniões e He goes. He doesn't go
never preferências.
first ... Then
I'm working.
now I'm not working. Am I working?
Tempo verbal usado para indicar He's working.
Present at the moment to be (am/are/is) + He isn't working. Is he working?
ações que estão em progresso no I'm going.
Continuous Look! Infinitive + ing I'm not going. Am I going?
presente; no momento da fala. He's going.
Listen! He isn't going. Is he going?
last ... Indicar ações passadas já concluídas, I worked. I didn't work. Did I work?
regular: Infinitive + -
... ago in ou seja, para falar de fatos que já He worked. He didn't work. Did he work?
Simple Past ed
1990 aconteceram; que começaram e I went. I didn't go. Did I go?
irregular: 2. Spalte
yesterday terminaram no passado. He went. He didn't go. Did he go?
I was working. I wasn't working. Was I working?
Past Utilizado para indicar ações contínuas was/were + He was working. He wasn't working. Was he working?
while
Continuoeus que ocorreram no passado. Infinitive + -ing I was going. I wasn'tgoing. Was I going?
He was going. He wasn't going. Was he going?
just yet
Expressa ações influenciadas pelo
never
presente, ou seja, essas ações ainda
ever have/has + past
estão acontecendo ou foram I have worked. I haven't worked. Have I worked?
already participle*
concluídas recentemente. He has worked. He hasn’t worked. Has he worked?
Present Perfect so far, *(infinitive + -ed) or
O Present Perfect pode ser usado I have gone. I haven't gone. Have I gone?
up to now, (3rd column of table
para indicar ações que começaram no He has gone. He hasn’t gone. Has he gone?
since of irregular verbs
passado e se prolongam até o
for
presente.
recently
 I haven't been
all day Expressa ações contínuas desde o
I have been working. working. Have I been working?
the whole day passado até o presente.
Present Perfect have/has + been + He has been working. He hasn't been Has he been working?
how long Ou seja, ele indica ações que ainda
Continuos Infinitive + -ing I have been going. working. Have I been going?
since estão inacabadas e que terminaram
He has been going. I haven't been going. Has he been going
for há pouco tempo.
He hasn't been going.

had + past
I had worked. I hadn't worked. Had I worked?
already Usado para expressar ações passadas participle*
He had worked. He hadn't worked. Had he worked?
Past Perfect just que aconteceram antes de outra ação *(infinitive + -ed) or
I had gone. I hadn't gone. Had I gone?
never que também ocorrera no passado. (3rd column of table
He had gone. He hadn't gone. Had he gone?
of irregular verbs)

I hadn't been
Usado para para descrever uma ação
working.
how long passada inacabada. I had been working. Had I been working?
He hadn't been
Past Perfect since Ele indica a continuação (duração) de had + been + He had been working. Had he been working?
working.
Continuous for ações que aconteceram no passado e Infinitive + ing I had been going. Had I been going?
I hadn't been going.
que ocorreram antes de outra ação He had been going. Had he been going?
He hadn't been
também no passado.
going.
Maybe
I think
I won't work.
Probably I'll work. Will I work?
Geralmente é usado para fazer He won't work.
I'm not sure He'll work. Will he work?
will - future referência a uma ação futura que will + Infinitive I won't go.
I guess I'll go. Will I go?
indica incerteza. He won't go.
I don't know He'll go. Will he go?
I hope
I expect
 I'm not going to
I'm going to work. work. Am I going to work?
É utilizado para fazer referência a
going to - be (am/are/is) + He's going to work. He's not going to Is he going to work?
uma ação futura que indica
future going to + Infinitiv I'm going to go. work. Am I going to go?
certeza ou que foi planejada.
He's going to go. I'm not going to go. Is he going to go?
He's not going to go

Usado para indicar ações que estarão I'll be working. I won't be working. Will I be working?
Future ocorrendo no futuro. Ou seja, ele will + be + Infinitive He'll be working. He won't be working. Will he be working?
Continuous descreve um fato que acontecerá + ing I'll be going. I won't be going. Will I be going?
num momento específico no futuro. He'll be going He won't be going. Will he be going?

will + have + past I won't have worked.

before (antes); by I'll have worked. Will I have worked?
Usado para indicar ações futuras que participle* He won't have
Future Perfect (em, no, na); by the He'll have worked. Will he have worked?
estarão concluídas em um *(infinitive + -ed) or worked.
Simple time (quando); until I'll have gone. Will I have gone?
determinado tempo no futuro. (3rd column of table I won't have gone.
(até), etc. He'll have gone. Will he have gone
of irregular verbs) He won't have gone

I won't have been

working.
Will I have been working?
He won't have been
I'll have been working. Will he have been
Usado para indicar a continuação de will + have + been + working.
Future Perfect He'll have been working. working?
ações que serão terminadas em Infinitive + ing I won't have been
Progressive I'll have been going. Will I have been working?
determinado tempo no futuro. going.
He'll have been going. Will he have been
He won't have been
working?
going.
 I would work. I wouldn't work. Would I work?
Conditional sth. that might happen He would work. He wouldn't work. Would he work?
would + Infinitive
Simple main clause in type II of the if clauses I would go. I wouldn't go. Would I work?
He would go. He wouldn't go. Would he work?
I wouldn't be
working.
I would be working. Would I be working?
He wouldn't be
Conditional sth. that might happen would + be + He would be working. Would he be working?
working.
Progressive emphasis: length of time of an action Infinitive + ing I would be going. Would I be going?
I wouldn't be going.
He would be going Would he be going?
He wouldn't be
going.

I wouldn't have
would + have + past worked.
sth. that might have happened in the I would have worked. Would I have worked?
participle* He wouldn't have
Conditional past He would have worked. Would he have worked?
*(infinitive + -ed) or worked.
Perfect (It's too late now.) I would have gone. Would I have gone?
(3rd column of table I wouldn't have gone.
main clause in type III of the if clauses He would have gone. Would he have gone?
of irregular verbs He wouldn't have
gone.
I wouldn't have been
Would I have been
working.
I would have been working?
He wouldn't have
working. Would he have been
Conditional would + have + been been going.
He would have been working?
Perfect Conditional Perfect Progressiv + Infinitive + ing I wouldn't have been
going. Would I have been going?
Progressive going.
I would have been going. Would he have been
He wouldn't have
He would have been going going?
been going.

We sometimes use Continuous instead of Progressive. Some signal words can be found in more tenses. We did not list signal words in the future. Always remember what action
is described.