DISCUSSION

Air conditioning is the process of altering the properties of air, primarily temperature and
humidity, to more favorable conditions. The control of these conditions may be desirable to
maintain the health and comfort of the occupants, or to meet the requirements of industrial
processes irrespective of the external climatic conditions. The air conditioning or cooling load
calculations are carried out to estimate the required capacity of cooling systems, which can
maintain the required conditions in the conditioned space. To estimate the required cooling or
heating capacities, one has to have information regarding the design indoor and outdoor
conditions, specifications of the building, specifications of the conditioned space (such as the
occupancy, activity level, various appliances and equipment used etc.) and any special
requirements of the particular application. For comfort applications, the required indoor
conditions are fixed by the criterion of thermal comfort, while for industrial or commercial
applications the required indoor conditions are fixed by the particular processes being performed
or the products being stored. The design conditions are chosen based on design dry bulb and
coincident wet bulb temperatures for peak summer months.
Cooling loads, one has to consider the unsteady state processes, as the peak-cooling load
occurs during the daytime and the outside conditions also vary significantly throughout the day
due to solar radiation. In addition, all internal sources add on to the cooling loads and neglecting
them would lead to underestimation of the required cooling capacity and the possibility of not
being able to maintain the required indoor conditions. Thus cooling load calculations are
inherently more complicated as it involves solving unsteady equations with unsteady boundary
conditions and internal heat sources.
One of these equations is the transmission loss of heat due to conductance through walls,
door or ceiling. Heat always flows from a higher temperature substance to a lower temperature
substance. The lower value of the overall heat transfer coefficient, area and change in
temperature, the lower the transmission loss of heat from the outside. The overall heat transfer
coefficient can be determined by the materials used on walls or doors and using the tables of u-
values from MHVAC by Clifford.
Next is the transmission loss of heat due to fenestration. Fenestration refers to any glazed
(transparent) apertures in a building, such as glass doors, windows, skylights and others. Unlike
the factors in conductance, transmission loss due to fenestration is determined by the area,
shading coefficient and solar heat gain factor of the material acquired from MHVAC by Clifford.
The indoor loads must also be considered which is affected by the number of people
inside and with their heat generating appliances. The heat coming from the people inside can be
determined by the sensible and latent heat factor per personnel in the room. The sensible load
affects dry bulb temperature, while the latent load affects the moisture content of the conditioned
space.
The last calculation will be transmission loss due of heat due to ventilation and
infiltration. Ventilation and infiltration brings outside air into the conditioned space, sensibly,
affecting the heating and cooling load and heat gain due to moisture from the outside air
entering.
The total of these calculation will be the basis on the capacity of the refrigeration to be
installed in the room to satisfy its design conditions.

CONCLUSION
Every room needs a specific amount of cooling to be comfortable, and achieving this
level of comfort is totally dependent on having the right-sized air conditioning unit. Choosing the
right-size depends on the cooling load calculations which is affected by the area of the room,
amount of windows, insulation, the number of people inside and the indoor appliances.
It is important to do and know the cooling load calculations because it will be the basis
on picking the right-size of cooling system for maximum efficiency and comfort. No one wants a
system that is too small because then it won’t be able to provide the cool air you need. A system
that is too large will cool the air too quickly, disabling it from properly dehumidifying your
home. The right-size system will also help to consume less energy and lower the monthly utility
bills.