PORTFOLIO IN

ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCE

SUBMITTED BY:
RAJIN FRITZ ARMA
STE 7-ALCALA

SUBMITTED TO:
MR. JOSE ARVIN MESA DOGILLO
 Human Evolution
Human evolution is the lengthy process of change by which people originated from
apelike ancestors. Scientific evidence shows that the physical and behavioral traits
shared by all people originated from apelike ancestors and evolved over a period of
approximately six million years.

• When did humans first appear?

The earliest fossils of anatomically modern humans are from the Middle Paleolithic,

about 200,000 years ago such as the Om remains of Ethiopia; later fossils from Es Skul
cave in Israel and Southern Europe begin around 90,000 years ago (0.09 million years
ago).

• What evolved into humans?

The earliest member of the genus Homo is Homo habilis which evolved around 2.8
million years ago. Homo habilis is the first species for which we have positive evidence
of the use of stone tools.

• Who invented Human Evolution?

Around 60,000 years ago—again according to both genetic and fossil evidence—
modern humans migrated out of Africa and began colonizing the world. Genetic
evidence suggests that soon after leaving Africa, they interbred to some extent with the
Neanderthals and a mysterious population in Asia called the Denisovans.

• What is true evolution?

In biology it refers to observed changes in organisms, to their descent from a common

ancestor, and at a technical level to a change in gene frequency over time; it can also
refer to explanatory theories (such as Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection)
which explain the mechanisms of evolution.

• Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence

of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary
history of primates—in particular genus Homo—and leading to the emergence
of Homo sapiens as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes. This
process involved the gradual development of traits such as human
bipedalism and language,[1] as well as interbreeding with other hominins, which
indicate that human evolution was not linear but a web.
 Radiation and Chemical Magnesium
Radiation
Radiation is an energy in the form of electro-magnetic waves or particulate
matter, travelling in the air.

Cause of cancer
Radiation exposure does not create a unique cancer risk situation, nor is the risk
directly measurable or distinguishable from the cancer risk caused by other
sources (environmental, chemical, biological, etc.).

Effects of Radiation
- Can be divided high doses and low doses
- High doses of radiation over a short period of time, producing acute or
short term effect (e.g: CT scan)
- Low doses: low exposure doses over a long period of time producing
chronic effects (example of chest x-ray or orthodontic radiographs)
Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to
invade or spread to other parts of the body. These contrast with benign tumors,
which do not spread.

What causes cancer?

- biological or internal factors, such as age, gender, inherited genetic defects

and skin type.
- environmental exposure, for instance to radon and UV -radiation, and fine
particulate matter.
- occupational risk factors, including carcinogens such as many chemicals,
radioactive materials and asbestos.