‫زاﻧﮑﯚی ﭘﯚﻟﯿــﺘ‪%‬ﮐــﻨﯿﮑﯽ ﺳــﻠ‪:‬ﻤﺎﻧﯽ‬

‫ﭘ‪%‬ﯾﻤﺎﻧــﮕ‪%‬ی ﺗ‪%‬ﮐــﻨﯿﮑﯽ دووﮐــﺎن‬

‫ﺑ‪%‬ﺷﯽ ﺗ‪%‬ﮐــﻨ‪%‬ﻟﯚﺟﯿــﺎی زاﻧﯿــﺎری‬
‫ﻗﯚﻧــﺎﻏﯽ ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬م‬

‫ڕاﭘﯚرﺗ‪1‬ﮑﯽ ﺗــﺎﯾﺒ‪+‬ت دەرﺑـــﺎرەی‪:‬‬

‫ﻓ‪+‬راﻣﯚﺷﮑــﺮاوەﮐــﺎن‬
‫)وەک ﺑ‪%‬ﺷ‪:‬ﮏ ﻟ‪ %‬ﭘ‪:‬ـﺪاوﯾـﺴـﺘﯿ‪%‬ﮐـﺎﻧﯽ ﭘــﺮاﮐﺘﯿﮑﯽ واﻧ‪%‬ی ﺋ‪%‬ﮐـﺎدﯾـﻤﯿﮏ دﯾـﺒ‪%‬ﯾـﺖ(‬

‫ﺋﺎﻣﺎدەﮐﺮدﻧﯽ‪:‬‬
‫ﺋ‪+‬ﻟ‪+‬ﻧﺪ ﮐﺎوە ﻋ‪+‬ﻟﯽ‬

‫ﺑ‪ +‬ﺳ‪+‬رﭘ‪+‬رﺷﺘﯽ‪:‬‬
‫م‪ .‬ﻓﺎروق ﺟ‪+‬ﻣﯿﻞ‬

‫‪٢٠٢٠ - ٢٠١٩‬‬
 ‫ﭘ‪P1‬ﺳﺖ‬

‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻧﺎوﻧﯿﺸﺎن‬ ‫ز‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﭘ‪P:‬ﺳﺖ‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﭘ‪:‬ﺸ‪%‬ﮐﯽ‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪%‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﮐ‪%‬ﻋﺒ‪%‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫‪6‬‬ ‫دﯾﯚدۆرەس ﺳﯿﮑﯿﻮﻟ‪%‬ﺳﯽ ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﻧﻮوس‬ ‫‪5‬‬

‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﭘﺘﯚ`ﻤﯽ ﺟﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﺰاﻧﯽ ﯾﯚﻧﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫‪6‬‬

‫‪8‬‬ ‫ﺑ‪%‬ڕ‪d‬ﺰ ﭼﺎرﻟﺴﯽ ﺋ‪%‬ﻣﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﻣ‪%‬ﺳﯿﺤﯽ‬ ‫‪7‬‬

‫‪9‬‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺎی ﺳ‪%‬ﻟﻊ )ﺟﺒﻞ ﺳﻠﻊ(‬ ‫‪8‬‬

‫‪10‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎرەﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺎ`ﺢ )ﻣﺪاﺋﻦ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ(‬ ‫‪9‬‬

‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮوﴎاوی ﭼﯿﺎﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺳ‪%‬ﻟﻊ‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪12‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮوﴎاوی ﺷﻮ‪d‬ﻨ‪%‬ﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺮ‬ ‫‪11‬‬

‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺎی ﺧﻮدا‬ ‫‪12‬‬

‫‪15‬‬ ‫ﺳ‪%‬رﭼﺎوەﮐﺎن‬ ‫‪13‬‬

‫‪٢‬‬
 ‫ﭘ‪1‬ﺸ‪+‬ﮐﯽ‬
‫ﺳــﺘﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﯚ ﺧــﻮدای ﺧــﺎوەن ﺟﯿﻬﺎﻧﯿﺎن و‪ ،‬ﺋــﺎﺷــﺘﯽ ﺑﯚ ﺑ‪%‬ﻧــﺪە ﻫ‪`%‬ﺒﮋ‪d‬ﺮدراوەﮐﺎﻧﯽ‪ .‬ﺑ‪ %‬ﭘ‪:‬ﻮﯾﺴﺘﻢ زاﻧﯽ‬
‫ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووی دوو ﺷـﺎرە ﻣ‪%‬زﻧ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬ی ﺋﯿﺴﻼم و ﻧـﺎوﭼ‪%‬ﮐﺎﻧﯽ دەورووﺑ‪%‬ری ﺋ‪%‬و دوو ﺷـﺎرە د‪d‬ﺮﯾﻦ و زۆر ﮔـﺮﻧـﮓ‬
‫و ﻓ‪%‬راﻣﯚﺷﮑﺮاوە ﺑـــﺨ‪%‬ﻣ‪ %‬ﺑ‪%‬ردەﺳـــﺖ ﺗـــﺎﮐﯽ ﮔ‪%‬ﻟ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬م ﺑ‪ %‬زﻣـــﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﯿﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﮐﻮردی‪ .‬ﻫ‪%‬ردوو ﺷـــﺎری‬
‫ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪ %‬و ﻣ‪%‬دﯾﻨ‪ %‬ﺑ‪ %‬ﺑ‪P‬وای ﻣـﻦ ﻓ‪%‬راﻣﯚﺷﮑﺮاوﺗـﺮﯾﻦ ﺷـﺎری ﺳ‪%‬ر زەوﯾﻦ‪ ،‬ﭼـﻮﻧﮑ‪ %‬زۆر ﮐ‪%‬س ﻟ‪:‬ﯿﺎن ﺑ‪y‬‬
‫ﺋـﺎﮔـﺎﯾ‪ %‬و ﺑ‪%‬ڕاﺳـﺘﯽ ﺑ‪ %‬ﺑ‪P‬وای ﺧﯚم ﺑ‪%‬داﺧ‪%‬وە زۆر ﻟ‪%‬ﺑ‪%‬رﭼـﺎو ﺧ‪`%‬ﮏ ﻧـﺎﴍﯾﻦ ﮐﺮاون ﺑ‪%‬ﻫﯚی ﺳﯿﺎﺳ‪%‬ت‬
‫ﺑ‪:‬ﺖ ﯾﺎن ﻫ‪%‬ر ﻫﯚﮐﺎر‪d‬ﮑﯽ ﺗـﺮی ﺣـﻮﮐﻤ‪P‬اﻧﯽ ﺋ‪%‬و و|ﺗ‪ .%‬ﺳـﻮﭘـﺎس ﺑﯚ ﺧـﻮدا ﺗـﻮاﻧﯿﻢ ﺑ‪ %‬ﭘﺸـﺘﯿﻮاﻧﯽ ﺧـﻮدا‬
‫زۆرﺗــﺮﯾﻦ زاﻧﯿﺎری ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﯾﯽ ﮐﯚﺑﮑ‪%‬ﻣ‪%‬وە ﺳ‪%‬ﺑــﺎرەت ﺑ‪%‬و دوو ﺷــﺎرە و ﭼــﻮاردەورﯾﺎن ﺗــﺎ ﻟ‪%‬م ڕاﭘﯚرﺗ‪%‬‬
‫ﯾﺎﺧـﻮد ﻧـﺎﻣﯿﻠﮑ‪%‬ﯾ‪ %‬ﮐﯚﯾﺎن ﺑﮑ‪%‬ﻣ‪%‬وە‪ .‬زاﻧﯿﺎرﯾ‪%‬ﮐﺎن ﺑ‪ %‬ﮐ‪%‬م ﺋ‪%‬زاﻧـﻢ ﺑ‪|%‬م ﻫﯿﻮادارم ﺳـﻮودی ﻫ‪%‬ﺑ‪:‬ﺖ ﺑﯚ‬
‫ﺧــﻮ‪d‬ﻨ‪%‬ری ﺑ‪%‬ڕ‪d‬ﺰ‪ .‬ﭘ‪:‬ﺸﮑ‪%‬ش ﺑ‪:‬ﺖ ﺑ‪ %‬ﻣــﺎﻣﯚﺳــﺘﺎ ﻓــﺎروق ﺟ‪%‬ﻣﯿﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣــﺎﻣﯚﺳــﺘﺎی واﻧ‪%‬ی ﺋ‪%‬ﮐﺎدﯾﻤﯽ ﻟ‪%‬‬
‫ﺑ‪%‬ﺷ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬م و‪ ،‬ﭘ‪:‬ﺸﮑ‪%‬ش ﺑ‪:‬ﺖ ﺑ‪ %‬زاﻧﺴﺘﺨﻮازان‪.‬‬

‫
‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬
‫
‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬
‫ ﺋ‪%‬ﻟ‪%‬ﻧﺪ ﮐﺎوە ﻋ‪%‬ﻟﯽ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬ ‫ ‬
‫‪٢٠٢٠ - ٥ - ٩‬‬

‫‪٣‬‬
 ‫ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪ %‬و ﮐ‪%‬ﻋﺒ‪%‬‬

‫ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪%‬‬
‫ﺷـﺎر‪d‬ﮑﯽ ﮔـﺮﻧـﮕ‪ %‬ﻻی ﻣـﻮﺳˆ‡ﻧ‪%‬ﮐﺎن‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺮۆزﺗـﺮﯾﻦ ﻣـﺰﮔ‪%‬وت )ﺑ‪%‬ﻧـﺎوی اﳌﺴﺠـﺪ‬
‫اﻟﺤـــﺮام( و ڕووﮔ‪%‬ﯾﺎﻧﯽ ﻟ‪:‬ﯿ‪ %‬و ﺷـــﻮ‪d‬ﻨﯽ ﻟ‪%‬داﯾﮑﺒﻮوﻧﯽ ﮐﯚﺗـــﺎ ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣـــﺒ‪%‬ری‬
‫ﺋﯿﺴﻼﻣ‪ .%‬ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪ %‬ﺋ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬و‪d‬ﺘ‪ %‬ﻫ‪%‬ر‪d‬ﻤﯽ ﺣﯿﺠﺎزەوە ﻟ‪ %‬و|ﺗﯽ ﺳـــﻌﻮدﯾ‪%‬ی ﺋ‪:‬ﺴﺘﺎ و‪ ،‬ﻧـــﺰﯾﮑ‪%‬ی ‪ ٤٠٠‬ﮐﻢ ﻟ‪%‬‬
‫ﺷـﺎری ﻣ‪%‬دﯾﻨ‪%‬وە دوورە ﻟ‪ %‬ﺋـﺎڕاﺳـﺘ‪%‬ی ﺑـﺎﺷـﻮوری ڕۆژﺋـﺎواﯾﯿ‪%‬وە و‪ ،‬ﻧـﺰﯾﮑ‪%‬ی ‪ ١٢٠‬ﮐﻢ ﻟ‪ %‬ﺷـﺎری ﺗـﺎﺋﯿﻔ‪%‬وە‬
‫دوورە ﻟ‪ %‬ﺋــــﺎڕاﺳــــﺘ‪%‬ی ڕۆژﻫ‪|%‬ﺗﯿ‪%‬وە‪ .‬ڕووﺑ‪%‬ری ﺷــــﺎری ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪ ٥٥٠ %‬ﮐﻢ‪ ٨٨ ،٢‬ﮐﻢ‪ ٢‬ﺧ‪`%‬ﮑﯽ ﺗ‪:‬ﺪاﯾ‪ %‬و‪،‬‬
‫ڕووﺑ‪%‬ری ﻧــﺎوەﻧــﺪی ﻧــﺎوﭼ‪%‬ی ﻣﺴﺠــﺪ اﻟﺤــﺮام ﻧــﺰﯾﮑ‪%‬ی ‪ ٦‬ﮐﻢ‪ ٢‬و‪ ،‬ﺑ‪%‬رزی ﺋــﺎﺳــﺘﯽ ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪ %‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﺋــﺎﺳــﺘﯽ‬
‫دەرﯾـﺎوە ﻧــــﺰﯾﮑ‪%‬ی ‪ ٣٠٠‬ﻣ‪%‬ﺗــــﺮە‪ .‬ﻫ‪%‬ﻧــــﺪ‪d‬ﮏ ﻟ‪ %‬ﻧــــﺎوە د‪d‬ـﺮﯾـﻨ‪%‬ﮐـﺎﻧﯽ ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪ :%‬أم اﻟــــﻘـﺮى )واﺗ‪ %‬داﯾﮑﯽ‬
‫ﺷﺎرۆﭼﮑ‪%‬ﮐﺎن(‪ ،١‬ﺑ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪ ،٢%‬ﻓﺎران‪ ،٣‬ﻣ‪:‬ﺸﺎ‪.٤‬‬

‫‪٤‬‬
 ‫ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪ %‬و ﮐ‪%‬ﻋﺒ‪%‬‬

‫ﮐ‪%‬ﻋﺒ‪%‬‬
‫ﺋ‪%‬و ژوورە ﭼـﻮار ﻻﯾ‪%‬ﯾ‪ %‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑـﻮوەﺗ‪ %‬ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪:‬ﮏ ﻟ‪ %‬ﻫﯚﮐﺎرەﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﻧـﺎوﺑـﺎﻧﮕﯽ ﺷـﺎری‬
‫ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪ %‬و ﭘﯿﺮۆزﺗـﺮﯾﻦ ﭘ‪%‬رﺳـﺘﮕﺎﯾ‪ %‬ﻻی ﻣـﻮﺳˆ‡ﻧـﺎن و ﺑ‪ %‬ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬م ﻣـﺎ`ﯽ ﺧـﻮدای‬
‫ﺋ‪%‬زاﻧــــﻦ ﻟ‪%‬ﺳ‪%‬ر زەوی ﮐ‪ %‬ﻟ‪%‬ﻻﯾ‪%‬ن ﭘ‪:‬ـﻐ‪%‬ﻣــــﻤ‪%‬ر ﺋﯿـﱪاﻫﯿـﻢ و ﭘ‪:‬ـﻐ‪%‬ﻣــــﻤ‪%‬ر‬
‫ﺋﯿﺴ‡ﻋﯿﻞ ﻧـــﺰﯾﮑ‪%‬ی ‪ ٤٠٠٠‬ﺳـــﺎڵ ﭘ‪:‬ﺶ زاﯾﻦ ﻟ‪ %‬دۆ`‪:‬ﮑﯽ ﺑ‪ y‬ﮐﺸﺘﻮﮐﺎڵ دروﺳـــﺘﮑﺮاﯾ‪%‬وە‪ ٥‬و‪ ،‬ﭘ‪:‬ﺸﱰ و‬
‫د‪d‬ﺮﯾﻨﱰ ﻟ‪%‬و ﺳـﺎ`‪ %‬وﺗـﺮاوە ﻟ‪%‬ﻻﯾ‪%‬ن ﺋـﺎدەم دروﺳـﺘﮑﺮاوە وەک ﻟ‪ %‬ﻗـﻮرﺋـﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‪%‬ﻓ‪%‬ڕ‪ ،‬ﺳـﻮرەﺗﯽ ‪ ،٣‬ﺋـﺎﯾ‪%‬ﺗﯽ‬
‫‪ ٩٦‬وﺗـﺮاوە‪» :‬ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬م ﻣـﺎڵ ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑﯚ ﻣـﺮۆﭬﺎﯾ‪%‬ﺗﯽ داﻧـﺮا ﺋ‪%‬وەﯾ‪ %‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﺑ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪%‬ﯾ‪ ٦%‬و‪ ،‬ﺑ‪%‬ﻓ‪%‬ڕ و ڕ‪d‬ﻨﻤﻮوﻧﯿ‪ %‬ﺑﯚ‬
‫ﺟﯿﻬﺎﻧﯿﺎن‪ .«.‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﻗــﻮرﺋــﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‪%‬ﻓ‪%‬ڕ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻮرەﺗﯽ ‪ ،٥‬ﺋــﺎﯾ‪%‬ﺗﯽ ‪ ٩٧‬ﺳ‪%‬ﺑــﺎرەت ﺑ‪ %‬ﮐ‪%‬ﻋــﺒ‪ %‬وﺗــﻮﯾ‪%‬ﺗﯽ‪» :‬ﺧــﻮدا‬
‫ﮐ‪%‬ﻋـﺒ‪%‬ی ﺑﯿﺖ اﻟﺤـﺮام و ﻣـﺎﻧـﮕ‪ %‬ﺣ‪%‬راﻣ‪%‬ﮐﺎن و ﻗـﻮرﺑـﺎﻧﯿ‪%‬ﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﺮدۆﺗ‪ %‬ڕاﮔـﺮی ﻣـﺮۆﭬﺎﯾ‪%‬ﺗﯽ‪ .‬ﺗـﺎﮐﻮ ﺑـﺰاﻧـﻦ‬
‫ﭼﯽ ﻟ‪ %‬ﺋـﺎﺳ‡ﻧ‪%‬ﮐﺎن و ﭼﯽ ﻟ‪ %‬زەوی ﻫ‪%‬ﺑ‪:‬ﺖ ﺧـﻮدا ﺋ‪%‬ﯾﺰاﻧ‪:‬ﺖ و‪ ،‬ﺧـﻮدا زاﻧـﺎی ﻫ‪%‬ﻣـﻮو ﺷـﺘ‪:‬ﮑ‪ «.%‬ﮐ‪%‬ﻋـﺒ‪%‬‬
‫ﺑـﻮوەﺗ‪ %‬ﻫﯚی ﮐﯚﮐ‪%‬رەوەی ڕووی ﺳ‪%‬رﺟ‪%‬م ﻧـﻮ‪d‬ﮋی ڕۆژاﻧ‪%‬ی ﻣـﻮﺳˆ‡ﻧـﺎن ﻟ‪ %‬ﻫ‪%‬ﻣـﻮو ﺋـﺎڕاﺳـﺘ‪ %‬ﺟﯿﺎﯾﺎ و‬
‫ﺟﯿﺎوازەﮐﺎن ﻟ‪ %‬ﺟﯿﻬﺎن‪ .‬وﺷ‪%‬ی ﮐ‪%‬ﻋﺒ‪ %‬ﻟ‪) %‬ﻣﻜﻌﺐ(ـ‪%‬وە ﻫﺎﺗﻮوە واﺗ‪) %‬ﭼﻮار ﮔﯚﺷ‪.(%‬‬

‫‪٥‬‬
 ‫ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﻧﻮوﺳ‪%‬ﮐﺎن‬

‫ﮐﯚﻣ‪:`%‬ﮏ ﮔـﻮﻣـﺎن دروﺳـﺖ ﺑـﻮوە ﺳ‪%‬ﺑـﺎرەت ﺑ‪%‬وەی ﮐ‪ %‬ﺧـﻮدی ﮐ‪%‬ﻋـﺒ‪ %‬ﯾﺎن ﺷـﺎری ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪ %‬ﭘ‪:‬ﺶ ﺋﯿﺴﻼم‬
‫ﺑـــﻮوﻧﯿﺎن ﻧ‪%‬ﺑـــﻮوە‪ .‬ﻟ‪%‬م ڕاﭘﯚرﺗ‪%‬دا ﻫ‪%‬ﻧـــﺪ‪d‬ﮏ ﺧـــﺎڵ و ﺳ‪%‬رﭼـــﺎوەی ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﯾﯽ ﺋ‪%‬ﻫ‪:‬ﻨﻤ‪%‬وە ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑـــﺎﺳﯽ‬
‫)ﮐ‪%‬ﻋﺒ‪ (%‬ﯾﺎن ﺧﻮدی ﺷﺎری ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪ %‬ﺋ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬ن ﻟ‪%‬ﭘ‪:‬ﺶ ﺋﯿﺴﻼم‪.‬‬

‫‪ .١‬دﯾﯚدۆرەس ﺳﯿﮑﯿﻮﻟ‪+‬ﺳﯽ ﻣ‪1‬ﮋووﻧﻮوس‬

‫)‪Διόδωρος‬‬ ‫ﯾﯚﻧــــﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﮑﯿـــــــﻮﻟ‪%‬ﺳﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﯚدۆرەس‬
‫)ﺑ‪ %‬ﺋﯿــﻨــﮕــﻠﯿــﺰی‪(Diodorus Siculus :‬‬ ‫‪(Σικελιώτης‬‬
‫ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﻧــــﻮوﺳ‪:‬ﮑﯽ ﯾﯚﻧــــﺎﻧﯽ ﺑــــﻮوە ﮐ‪ %‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﺷــــﺎری )‪ (Agira‬ﻟ‪%‬‬
‫ﻫ‪%‬ر‪d‬ـﻤﯽ )‪ (Sicily‬ﺳ‪%‬ر ﺑ‪ %‬و|ﺗﯽ ﺋﯿـﺘـﺎ`ﯿـﺎ ‪ ٩٠‬ﺳــــﺎڵ ﭘ‪:‬ـﺶ زاﯾـﻦ‬
‫ﻫــــﺎﺗــــﻮوەﺗ‪ %‬دوﻧﯿـﺎوە‪ .‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳ‪%‬دەی ﯾ‪%‬ک ﮐﯚﻣ‪:`%‬ﮏ ﮐـﺘ‪:‬ـﺒﯽ‬
‫ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﯾﯽ ﻧــﻮوﺳﯿﻮەﺗ‪%‬وە و‪ ،‬ﺑ‪ %‬ﮐﯚﻣ‪ %`%‬ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺒﯽ )‪ (Bibliotheca Historica‬ﺑ‪%‬ﻧــﺎوﺑــﺎﻧــﮕ‪ %‬ﮐ‪%‬‬
‫ﭘ‪:‬ﮑﻬﺎﺗــــﻮوە ﻟ‪ ٤٠ %‬ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺐ و داﺑ‪%‬ﺷﮑﺮاوە ﺑﯚ ﺳ‪%‬ر ﺳ‪ y‬ﮐ‪%‬رت‪ .‬ﺷ‪%‬ش ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺒﯽ ﺳ‪%‬رەﺗــــﺎ ﺑــــﺎﺳﯽ‬
‫ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووی ﻣﯿﺴﺮ )ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺒﯽ ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬م(‪ ،‬ﻣﯿﺰۆﭘﯚﺗــــﺎﻣﯿﺎ و ﻫــــﻨﺪﺳــــﺘﺎن ﺳــــﻴﺜﻴﺎ و ﻋ‪%‬رەﺑﯿ‪) %‬ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺒﯽ‬
‫دووەم(‪ ،‬ﺋ‪%‬ﻓــﺮﯾﻘﺎی ﺑــﺎﮐﻮور )ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺒﯽ ﺳ‪:‬ﯿ‪%‬م(‪ ،‬ﻫ‪%‬روەﻫــﺎ ﯾﯚﻧــﺎن و ﺋ‪%‬وروﭘــﺎ ﺋ‪%‬ﮐﺎت ﻟ‪ %‬ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺒﯽ‬
‫ﭼــــﻮارەم و ﭘ‪:‬ـﻨـﺠ‪%‬م‪ .‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﮐـﺘ‪:‬ـﺒﯽ دووەم ﺑــــﺎﺳﯽ ﻧــــﺎوﭼ‪%‬ی ﻋ‪%‬رەﺑﯿ‪ %‬ﻓ‪:‬ـﻠﯿﮑـﺴﯽ ﮐـﺮدووە ﮐ‪%‬‬
‫ﺑ‪%‬ﻧــﺪەﮐﺎﻧﯽ ‪ ٤٨‬ﺑﯚ ‪ ٥٤‬ﺋ‪%‬ﮔــﺮ‪d‬ﺘ‪%‬وە‪ .‬دﯾﯚدۆرەس ﺗــﺎﮐ‪ %‬ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﻧــﻮوﺳ‪ %‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﭘ‪:‬ﺶ ﻫــﺎﺗﻨﯽ ﺋﯿﺴﻼم‬
‫ﺑــــﺎﺳﯽ ﮐ‪%‬ﻋــــﺒ‪%‬ی ﮐـﺮدووە‪ .‬دﯾﯚدۆرەس ﮐ‪ %‬ﮐـﺘ‪:‬ـﺒﯽ ﺳ‪:‬ﯿ‪%‬ﻣﯽ )‪ (Bibliotheca Historica‬ﻟ‪%‬‬
‫ﭼـﺎﭘـﺘ‪%‬ری ‪ ٤٤‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﮐﯚﺗـﺎﯾﯽ دەﻗﯽ ‪ ،٢‬ﻧـﻮوﺳﯿﻮﯾ‪%‬ﺗﯽ »‪οἵ δὲ τὴν κατὰ τὸν κόλπον χώραν‬‬
‫‪νεμόμενοι, Βανιζομενεῖς ὀνομαζόμενοι, τὰς τροφὰς ἔχουσι κυνηγοῦντες‬‬
‫‪καὶ σαρκοφαγοῦντες τὰ χερσαῖα ζῷα. ἱερὸν δ’  ἁγιώτατον ἵδρυται,‬‬
‫‪ «.τιμώμενον ὑπὸ πάντων Ἀράβων περιττότερον‬واﺗ‪» :%‬ﻧﯿـﺸـﺘ‪%‬ﺟ‪:‬ﯿـﺎﻧﯽ ﻧــــﺰﯾﮏ‬
‫ﮐ‪%‬ﻧــﺪاوەﮐ‪ %‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑ‪ %‬ﺑ‪%‬ﻧﯿﺰوﻣﯿﻨ‪%‬ﮐﺎن ﻧــﺎﺳــﺮاون‪ ،‬ﺧــﻮاردﻧﯽ ڕۆژاﻧ‪%‬ﯾﺎن ﺑ‪ %‬ڕاوﮐﺮدﻧﯽ ﺋــﺎژە|ن‬
‫ﺑ‪%‬دەﺳــــﺖ ﺋ‪%‬ﻫ‪:‬ـﻨـﻦ‪ .‬ﻫ‪%‬روەﻫــــﺎ ﭘ‪%‬رﺳــــﺘـﮕـﺎﯾ‪%‬ﮐﯽ زۆر ﭘﯿـﺮۆز ﻟ‪%‬وێ ﻫ‪%‬ﯾ‪ %‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﻻی ﻫ‪%‬ﻣــــﻮو‬
‫ﻋ‪%‬رەﺑ‪%‬ﮐـﺎن ﮔ‪%‬ورە ڕاﮔﯿـﺮاوە‪ «.‬ﺋ‪%‬م ﺑــــﺎﺳﮑـﺮدﻧ‪ %‬ﻧــــﺰﯾﮑ‪%‬ی ‪ ٣٠‬ﺑﯚ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺳــــﺎڵ ﭘ‪:‬ـﺶ ﻟ‪%‬داﯾﮑـﺒـﻮوﻧﯽ‬
‫ﻣ‪%‬ﺳﯿﺢ ﻫــﺎﺗــﻮوە‪ .‬ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﻧــﻮوس وﯾﻠﯿﺎم ﻫــﺎزﻟﯿﺖ )‪ (William Hazlittt‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺒ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬ی ﺑ‪%‬ﻧــﺎوی‬
‫)‪ (Classical Gazetteer‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﻻﭘ‪%‬ڕە ‪ ٦٧‬وﺗــــﻮﯾ‪%‬ﺗﯽ ﺑ‪%‬ﻧﯿـﺰوﻣﯿ‪%‬ﮐـﺎن ﻧ‪%‬وەﮐـﺎﻧﯽ زﯾـﻤـﺮاﻧﯽ ﮐـﻮڕە‬
‫ﮔ‪%‬ورەی ﺋﯿﺒﺮاﻫﯿﻤﻦ ﻟ‪ %‬ژﻧﯽ ﺳ‪:‬ﯿ‪%‬ﻣﯽ ﺑ‪%‬ﻧﺎوی )ﻗ‪%‬ﺗﻮرە( وەک ﻟ‪ %‬ﺗ‪%‬ورات ﻫﺎﺗﻮوە‪.‬‬

‫‪٦‬‬
 ‫ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﻧﻮوﺳ‪%‬ﮐﺎن‬

‫‪ .٢‬ﭘﺘﯚ[ﻤﯽ ﺟﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﺰاﻧﯽ ﯾﯚﻧﺎﻧﯽ‬

‫ﭘـﺘﯚ`ـﻤﯽ ﺟــــﻮﮔــــﺮاﻓﯿـﺰاﻧﯽ ﯾﯚﻧــــﺎﻧﯽ ﻧــــﺎوی ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪%‬ی ﺑ‪%‬‬
‫ﻧـــﺎڕاﺳـــﺘ‪%‬وﺧﯚﯾﯽ ﻫ‪:‬ﻨﺎوە ﻟ‪%‬ﺳ‪%‬ر ﻧ‪%‬ﺧـــﺸ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬ی ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳ‪%‬دەی‬
‫ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬م‪ .‬ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪%‬ی ﺑ‪» %‬ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﯚرەﺑ‪ «%‬ﻧـﺎﺳـﺎﻧـﺪووە‪ ،‬ﺑ‪ %‬ﺋﯿﻨﮕﻠﯿﺰی‬
‫)‪ .(Macoraba‬ﺑﯚﭼــــﻮوﻧﯽ زۆر ﻫ‪%‬ﯾ‪ %‬ﻟ‪%‬ﺳ‪%‬ر ﺋ‪%‬م ﻧــــﺎوە‪،‬‬
‫ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪:‬ﮏ ﻟ‪%‬و ﺳ‪%‬رﻧـﺠﺎﻧ‪%‬ی وﺗـﺮاوە ﺋ‪%‬وەﯾ‪ %‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﯚرەﺑ‪ %‬واﺗ‪%‬‬
‫»ﻣــــﺎ`ﯽ ﭘ‪%‬روەردﮔــــﺎر«‪ .‬ﯾـﺎن ﺑﯚﭼــــﻮوﻧ‪:‬ﮑﯽ ﺗــــﺮ دە`‪:‬ـﺖ‬
‫ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﯚرەﺑ‪%‬ﻫـ ﻟ‪ %‬ﻣﯿﮑﺮاﺑ‪%‬وە ﻫـــﺎﺗـــﻮوە واﺗ‪» %‬ﻣﯿﺤﺮاب«‪ .‬ﺋ‪%‬و‬
‫ﺷــﻮ‪d‬ﻨ‪%‬ی ﻧــﻮ‪d‬ﮋی ﻟ‪ y‬دەﮐﺮ‪d‬ﺖ ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑ‪ %‬ﮐﻮردی ﭘ‪:‬ﯽ دەوﺗــﺮ‪d‬ﺖ‬
‫»ﺷ‪%‬ڕﮔ‪ .«%‬ﯾﺎن ﻫ‪%‬ﻧـﺪ‪d‬ﮑﯽ ﺗـﺮ دە`‪:‬ﻦ ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑ‪ %‬واﺗـﺎی » ﻣـﻘﺮﺑـﺔ«‬
‫د‪d‬ﺖ واﺗ‪» %‬ﻧــﺰﯾﮑﮑ‪%‬رەوە« ﺑ‪ %‬ﻣ‪%‬ﺑ‪%‬ﺳــﺘﯽ ﺋ‪%‬وەی ﺋ‪%‬و ﺷــﺎرەی ﻧــﺰﯾﮑﺖ دەﺧــﺎﺗ‪%‬وە ﻟ‪ %‬ﺧــﻮدا‪.‬‬
‫ﮔـــﻮﻣـــﺎن ﻫ‪%‬ﯾ‪ %‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﮔـــﻮاﯾ‪ %‬ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﯚرەﺑ‪%‬ی ﺳ‪%‬ر ﻧ‪%‬ﺧـــﺸ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬ی ﭘﺘﯚﳌﯽ ﻟ‪%‬ﺟ‪:‬ﯽ ﺧﯚی ﻧﯿﯿ‪ %‬وەک‬
‫ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪%‬ی ﺋ‪:‬ﺴﺘﺎ ﻟ‪%‬ﺳ‪%‬ر ﻧ‪%‬ﺧــﺸ‪ .%‬ﺑ‪|%‬م ﺋ‪%‬ﻣ‪ %‬ﻻوازە‪ ،‬ﭼــﻮﻧﮑ‪ %‬ﻧ‪%‬ک ﺗ‪%‬ﻧــﻬﺎ ﺋ‪%‬و ﺷــﺎرە‪ ،‬ﺑ‪`%‬ﮑﻮ زۆر‬
‫ﺷــــﺎری ﺗــــﺮی ﺳ‪%‬ر ﻧ‪%‬ﺧــــﺸ‪%‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﻟ‪%‬ﺟ‪:‬ﯽ ﺋ‪:‬ـﺴـﺘـﺎﯾـﺎن ﻧﯿﯿ‪ ،%‬ﺋ‪%‬ﻣ‪%‬ش ﺋ‪%‬ﮔ‪%‬ری ﻫ‪%‬ﯾ‪ %‬ﻫﯚﮐـﺎرەﮐ‪%‬ی‬
‫ﺑـﮕ‪%‬ڕ‪d‬ﺘ‪%‬وە ﺑﯚ ﻧ‪%‬ﺑـﻮوﻧﯽ ﺗ‪%‬ﮐﻨ‪%‬ﻟﯚﺟﯿﺎ و ﮐ‪%‬رەﺳـﺘ‪%‬ی ﺑـﺎش ﺑﯚ ﭘ‪:‬ﻮاﻧﯽ ﻣ‪%‬ودای ﺷـﺎرەﮐﺎن ﻟ‪%‬ﺳ‪%‬ر‬
‫ﻧ‪%‬ﺧــﺸ‪%‬ﮐ‪ .%‬ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺒﯽ )‪(Âe History of Arabia Ancient and Modern‬ی ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﻧــﻮوﺳﯽ‬
‫ﺳﮑﯚﺗــﻠ‪%‬ﻧــﺪی )‪ (Andrew Crichton‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﻻﭘ‪%‬ڕە ‪ ١٣٥‬وﺗــﻮﯾ‪%‬ﺗﯽ ﮐ‪ %‬وﺷ‪%‬ی ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﯚرەﺑ‪ %‬ﻧــﺎو‪d‬ﮑﯽ‬
‫د‪d‬ﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪%‬ﯾ‪.%‬‬

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 ‫ﮐﺎن‬%‫ﮋووﻧﻮوﺳ‬:‫ﻣ‬

‫ﺳﯿﺤﯽ‬+‫ﻣﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﻣ‬+‫ڕ`ﺰ ﭼﺎرﻟﺴﯽ ﺋ‬+‫ ﺑ‬.٣

‫ر‬%‫ﺳ‬%‫ﺒﯿﻨﯽ ﻧــﻮوﺳﯿﻮە ﻟ‬:‫ ﺗ‬،‫داﯾﮏ ﺑــﻮوە‬%‫ ﻟ‬١٧٩٠ ‫ ﺳــﺎ`ﯽ‬%‫( ﮐ‬Charles Augustus Goodrich) ‫ﺰ‬d‫ڕ‬%‫ﺑ‬
‫وە‬%‫ﻧـﻬﺎ ﻟ‬%‫`ﮑﻮ ﺗ‬%‫ ﺑ‬،%‫دی ﺋﯿﺴﻼم ﻧﯿﯿ‬%‫ﻣـﻤ‬%‫ر ﻣـﻮﺣ‬%‫ﻣـﻤ‬%‫ﻐ‬:‫ی ﭘ‬%‫وﺗ‬%‫ﻨﮑ‬d‫ﮑﺪا ﺷـﻮ‬:‫ﮐﺎﺗ‬%‫ ﻟ‬%‫ﮐﮑ‬%‫ و ﻣ‬%‫ﻋـﺒ‬%‫ﮐ‬
.‫ﺑﻮوە‬%‫ﻋﻘﻮب ﻫ‬%‫ر ﯾ‬%‫ﻣﻤ‬%‫ﻐ‬:‫وەﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﭘ‬%‫ردەﻣﯽ ﻧ‬%‫ ﺳ‬%‫ ﻟ‬%‫ﻋﺒ‬%‫ ﮐ‬%‫ ﮐ‬%‫د`ﻨﯿﺎﯾ‬

Religious ceremonies and customs, or, Âe forms of worship practised) ‫ـﺒﯽ‬:‫ ﮐـﺘ‬%‫ﻟ‬
by the several nations of the known world, from the earliest records to the
present time : on the basis of the celebrated and splendid work of Bernard
Picart : to which is added, A brief view of minor sects, which exist at the present
:‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫( ﻧﻮوﺳﯿﻮﯾ‬day

“Among the variety of fabulous traditions which have been propagated by

the followers of Mahomet, concerning the origin of this building, we find it
asserted, that its existence is coeval with our parents, and that it was built by
Adam, after his expulsion from paradise, from a representation of the
celestial temple, which the almighty let down from heaven in curtains of light
and placed in Mecca, perpendicular under the original. To this the patriarch
was commanded to turn his face when he prayed, and to compass it by way
of devotion, as the angels did the heavenly one. After the destruction of this
temple by the deluge, it was rebuilt by Abraham and his son Ishmael on the
same spot, and after the same model, according to directions, which they
received by revelation; and since that time, it has continued to be the object
of veneration to Ishmael’s descendants. Whatever discredit we may give to
these, and other ravings of the Moslem imposter concerning the Caaba its
high antiquity cannot be disputed; and the most probable account is, that it
was built and used for religious purposes by some of the early patriarchs;
and after the introduction of idols, it came to be appropriated to the
reception of the pagan divinities. Diodorus Siculus, in his description of the
cost of the Red Sea, mentions this temple as being, in his time, held in great
veneration by all Arabians; and Pocoke informs us, that the linen or silken
veil, with which it is covered, was first offered by a pious King of the
Hamyarites, seven hundred years before the time of Mahomet.”

٨
 ‫ﻧﺎوﭼ‪%‬ﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﭼﻮاردەوری ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪%‬‬

‫ﭼﯿﺎی ﺳ‪+‬ﻟﻊ )ﺟﺒﻞ ﺳﻠﻊ(‬

‫ﺳ‪%‬ﻟـﻊ )ﺑ‪ %‬ﺋﯿﻨﮕﻠﯿﺰی‪ (Sela :‬ﭼـﺎﺧ‪:‬ﮑ‪ %‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﺷـﺎری ﻣ‪%‬دﯾﻨ‪%‬ی ﺋ‪:‬ﺴﺘﺎ ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳـﻌﻮدﯾ‪ .%‬ﺳ‪%‬ﻟـﻊ واﺗ‪) %‬ﭘـﺎرﭼ‪%‬ﺑـﻮو(‪،‬‬
‫ﭼـﻮﻧﮑ‪ %‬ﺷـﺎﺧ‪%‬ﮐ‪ %‬وا دەرﺋ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬و‪d‬ﺖ ﮐ‪ %‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﭼ‪%‬ﻧـﺪ ﻻﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬وە ﭘـﺎرﭼ‪ %‬ﺑـﻮوﺑ‪:‬ﺖ‪ ٧.‬ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣـﻤ‪%‬ر ﻣـﻮﺣ‪%‬ﻣـﻤ‪%‬د ﻟ‪%‬‬
‫ﭼﯿﺎی ﺳ‪%‬ﻟـﻊ ﻟ‪%‬ﮐﺎﺗﯽ ﺟ‪%‬ﻧﮕﯽ ﺧ‪%‬ﻧـﺪەق ﻫـﺎﻧـﺎی ﺑﯚ ﺧـﻮدا ﺑـﺮد ﺑﯚ ﺳ‪%‬رﮐ‪%‬وﺗـﻦ‪ ٨.‬اﻟـﻬﻤﺪاﻧﯽ ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳ‪%‬ردەﻣﯽ‬
‫ﺧﯚی ‪ ١٥٠‬ﺳــﺎڵ دوای ﻣــﺮدﻧﯽ ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣــﻤ‪%‬ر ﻣــﻮﺣ‪%‬ﻣــﻤ‪%‬د‪ ،‬ﺳ‪%‬ﻟﻌﯽ ﺧﺴــﺘﯚﺗ‪ %‬ﻧــﺎو ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺒ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬ی ﺑ‪%‬ﻧــﺎوی‬
‫)‪ (Geography of Arabian Peninsula‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑ‪%‬ﺷ‪:‬ﮑ‪ %‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﺷــــﺎری ﻣ‪%‬دﯾـﻨ‪ .٩%‬ﺷــــﺎری ﻣ‪%‬دﯾـﻨ‪ %‬ﻟ‪%‬ﺳ‪%‬ر‬
‫ﻧ‪%‬ﺧــﺸ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬ی ﭘﺘﯚ`ﻤﯽ ﺑ‪ (Lathrippa) %‬ﻧــﺎﺳ‪Ì:‬اوە ﭼــﻮﻧﮑ‪ %‬ﭘ‪:‬ﺶ ﺋ‪%‬وەی ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣــﻤ‪%‬ر ﻣــﻮﺣ‪%‬ﻣــﻤ‪%‬د‬
‫ﺑﭽ‪:‬ﺖ ﺑﯚ ﺋ‪%‬وێ‪ ،‬ﺷـﺎرەﮐ‪ %‬ﻧـﺎوی )ﻳ‪Î‬ب( ﺑـﻮو و‪ ،‬ﻧـﺎوی ﻳ‪%‬ﺛـﺮب ﺋ‪%‬ﮔ‪%‬ڕ‪d‬ﺘ‪%‬وە ﺑﯚ ﭘﯿﺎو‪d‬ﮏ ﺑ‪%‬ﻧـﺎوی )ﻳ‪Î‬ب‬
‫ﺑـﻦ ﻗـﺎﻳـﻨﺔ( ﮐ‪ %‬ﻧ‪%‬وەی ﺳـﺎﻣﯽ ﮐﻮڕی ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣـﻤ‪%‬ر ﻧـﻮﺣ‪ .%‬ﭼ‪%‬ﻧـﺪ ﻧـﻮوﴎاو‪d‬ﮑﯽ ﻫ‪`%‬ﮑﯚ`ﺮاوی ﺳ‪%‬ردەﻣﯽ‬
‫ﺋﯿﺴﻼم ﻟ‪%‬ﺳ‪%‬ر ﭼﯿﺎی ﺳ‪%‬ﻟﻊ ﻣﺎوە ﮐ‪ %‬ﻟ‪%‬م ﻻﭘ‪%‬ڕاﻧ‪%‬ی داﻫﺎﺗﻮو ﺋ‪%‬ﯾﺨ‪%‬ﯾﻨ‪ %‬ڕوو‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﻧﺎوﭼ‪%‬ﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﭼﻮاردەوری ﻣ‪%‬ﮐﮑ‪%‬‬

‫ﺷﺎرەﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺎ[ﺢ )ﻣﺪاﺋﻦ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ(‪١٠‬‬

‫ﻣ‪%‬داﺋﯿﻦ ﺳـــﺎ`ﺢ )ﺷـــﺎرەﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺳـــﺎ`ﺢ(‪ ،‬اﻟﺤﺠـــﺮ )ﻧـــﺎوﭼ‪%‬ی‬

‫ﺑ‪%‬ردﯾـﻦ(‪” ،‬ﺛ‪%‬ﻣــــﻮد“ ﺑ‪ %‬ﻋ‪%‬رەﺑﯽ‪ ،‬ﯾـﺎن ”ﻫﯿـﮕـﺮا“ ﺑ‪ %‬ﯾﯚﻧــــﺎﻧﯽ‬
‫ﮐﯚن‪ ،‬ﻧـﺎوﭼ‪%‬ﯾ‪%‬ﮐﯽ ﺋـﺎرﮐﯿﯚﻟﯚﺟﯽ د‪d‬ﺮﯾﻨ‪ %‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑ‪ %‬دووری ‪٢٠‬ﮐﻢ‬
‫ﺋ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬و‪d‬ـﺘ‪ %‬ﺑــــﺎﮐـﻮری ﺷــــﺎری ﻋــــﻮﻻ و‪ ،‬ﺑ‪ %‬دووری ‪٤٠٠‬ﮐـﻢ‬
‫ﺋ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬و‪d‬ﺘ‪ %‬ﺑـﺎﮐﻮری ڕۆژﻫ‪|%‬ﺗﯽ ﻣ‪%‬دﯾﻨ‪ .%‬ﭘ‪:‬ﮑﻬﺎﺗـﻮوە ﻟ‪ %‬ﭼ‪%‬ﻧـﺪ‬
‫ﻣــﺎ`‪:‬ﮑﯽ ﻫ‪`%‬ﮑﯚ`ﺮاوی ﭼ‪%‬ﻧــﺪ ﺷــﺎﺧ‪:‬ﮑﯽ ﻧــﺎوﭼ‪%‬ﮐ‪ .%‬زۆرﺑ‪%‬ی‬
‫ﻣــــﺎوەﮐـﺎﻧﯽ ﺋ‪%‬و ﻧــــﺎوﭼ‪%‬ﯾ‪ %‬ﺋ‪%‬ﮔ‪%‬ڕ‪d‬ـﺘ‪%‬وە ﺑﯚ ﺳ‪%‬ردەﻣﯽ‬
‫ﻧ‪%‬ﺑــﺎﻃﯿ‪%‬ﮐﺎن )اﻻﻧــﺒﺎط ﺑ‪ %‬ﮐﻮرﺗﯽ‪ :‬ﻫﯚز‪d‬ﮑﯽ ﻋ‪%‬رەب ﺑــﻮون‪،‬‬
‫ﺑــﺎﮐﻮری ﻋ‪%‬رەﺑﯿ‪ %‬و ﺑــﺎﺷــﻮوری ڕۆژﻫ‪|%‬ﺗﯽ ﻧــﺎوەڕاﺳــﺘﯿﺎن‬
‫داﮔﯿﺮﮐﺮدﺑـــﻮو و ﺋـــﺎﯾﯿﻨﯽ ﻧ‪%‬ﺑـــﺎﻃﯿﺎن ﻫ‪%‬ﺑـــﻮو و ﺑـــﺘ‪%‬ﮐﺎﻧﯿﺎن‬
‫ﺑ‪%‬ﻧــﺎوی ‘اﻟــﻌﺰى‪ ١١‬و ذو اﻟﺸــﺮى’ـ‪%‬وە ﺑــﻮو(‪ .‬ﻗــﻮرﺋــﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‪%‬ﻓ‪%‬ڕ‬
‫ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪:‬ﮑ‪ %‬ﻟ‪%‬و ﺗــﺎﮐ‪ %‬ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺐ و ﺳ‪%‬رﭼــﺎوە ﮐ‪%‬ﻣــﺎﻧ‪%‬ی ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑــﺎﺳﯽ‬
‫ﮔ‪%‬ﻟﯽ ﺛ‪%‬ﻣـﻮد ﺋ‪%‬ﮐﺎت‪ ،‬ﺑ‪%‬ﺗـﺎﯾﺒ‪%‬ﺗﯽ ﻫﯚﮐﺎری دﯾﺎرﻧ‪%‬ﻣـﺎﻧ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬ﯾﺎن ﻟ‪ %‬ﻧـﺎوﭼ‪%‬ﮐ‪ .%‬ﻗـﻮرﺋـﺎن ﺑـﺎﺳﯽ ﺛ‪%‬ﻣـﻮد ﺋ‪%‬ﮐﺎت‬
‫ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳ‪%‬ردەﻣﯽ ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣـﺒ‪%‬ر‪d‬ﮏ ﺑ‪%‬ﻧـﺎوی ﺳـﺎ`ﺢ ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑ‪ %‬ڕەﭼ‪%`%‬ک ﻧ‪%‬وەﯾ‪%‬ﮐﯽ ﯾ‪%‬ک ﻟ‪%‬دوای ﯾ‪%‬ﮐﯽ ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣـﻤ‪%‬ر‬
‫ﻧــــﻮﺣ‪ .%‬ﺑ‪%‬ﭘ‪:‬ﯽ ﻧــــﻮوﺳﯿـﻨ‪%‬ﮐـﺎﻧﯽ ﺋــــﺎﯾﯿـﻨﯽ ﺋﯿـﺴـﻼم‪ ،‬ﺛ‪%‬ﻣــــﻮدﯾ‪%‬ﮐـﺎن )ﻫﯚزی ﺛ‪%‬ﻣــــﻮد( ﻟ‪%‬دوای‬
‫ﺋـﺎﮔـﺎدارﮐﺮدﻧ‪%‬وەﯾﺎن‪ ،‬ﻟ‪%‬ﻻﯾ‪%‬ن ﺧـﻮدا ﺑ‪ %‬ﺑـﻮﻣ‪%‬ﻟ‪%‬رزە و ﮔـﺮﻣ‪ %‬ﻟ‪%‬ﻧـﺎوﺑـﺮان ﺑ‪%‬ﻫﯚی ﮐﺎرە ﺧـﺮاﭘ‪%‬ﮐﺎﻧﯿﺎﻧ‪%‬وە‪.١٢‬‬
‫ﺷـــﻮ‪d‬ﻨ‪%‬وارﻧـــﺎﺳ‪%‬ﮐﺎن ﺳ‪%‬ردەﻣﯽ ﺛ‪%‬ﻣـــﻮدﯾ‪%‬ﮐﺎن ﺋ‪%‬ﮔ‪%‬ڕ‪d‬ﻨﻨ‪%‬وە ﺑﯚ ﺳ‪%‬دەی ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬ﻣﯽ زاﯾﯿﻦ‪ .‬ﻟ‪%‬ﮐﺎﺗ‪:‬ﮑﺪا‬
‫ﻗـﻮرﺋـﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‪%‬ﻓ‪%‬ڕ ﺑـﺎﺳﯽ ﭘﯿﺎو‪d‬ﮏ ﺋ‪%‬ﮐﺎت ﻟ‪%‬ﺳ‪%‬ردەﻣﯽ ﻣـﻮﺳـﺎ و ﺋـﺎﮔـﺎداری ﮔ‪%‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳـﺘ‪%‬ﻣﮑﺎرەﮐ‪%‬ی ﻓﯿﺮﻋ‪%‬ون‬
‫ﺋ‪%‬ﮐﺎﺗ‪%‬وە ﻟ‪ %‬ﺋـﺎﮔـﺎدارﯾ‪%‬ﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺧـﻮدا‪ ،‬ﻧـﺎوی ﺳ‪%‬ﻣـﻮدﯾ‪%‬ﮐﺎن ﺋ‪%‬ﻫ‪:‬ﻨ‪ y‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﭘ‪:‬ﺶ ﺧﯚﯾﺎن ﺧـﻮدا ﻧ‪%‬ﯾﺎﻧﻬ‪:‬ﺸﺖ‪.١٣‬‬
‫وﺗـﺮاوە ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣـﻤ‪%‬ر ﻣـﻮﺳـﺎ ﻧـﺰﯾﮑ‪%‬ی ‪ ١٣٩٠‬ﺳـﺎڵ ﭘ‪:‬ﺶ زاﯾﯿﻦ ﻟ‪ %‬ﻣﯿﺴﺮ ﻟ‪%‬داﯾﮏ ﺑـﻮوە‪ .‬ﺑ‪%‬ﭘ‪:‬ﯽ ﺋ‪%‬و ﺋـﺎﯾ‪%‬ﺗ‪%‬ی‬
‫ﻗﻮرﺋﺎن ﺑ‪:‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﺳ‪%‬ﻣﻮد زۆر د‪d‬ﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺮە ﻟ‪%‬وەی ﻫ‪%‬ﻧﺪ‪d‬ﮏ وﺗﻮﯾﺎﻧ‪ %‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳ‪%‬دەی ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪%‬وە ﻫ‪%‬ﺑﻮون‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﻧﻮوﴎاوە ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﯾﯿ‪%‬ﮐﺎن‬

‫ﻧﻮوﴎاوی ﭼﯿﺎﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺳ‪+‬ﻟﻊ‪١٤‬‬

‫‪ .١‬ﻛﯚﻧﱰﯾﻦ ﻧـﻮوﴎاوی ﺳـﻪر ﺑـﻪردی ﺳـﺎ`ﯽ ‪٦٢٥‬ی زاﯾﻨﯽ‬

‫‪٤‬ی ﻫﯿﺠﺮی ﻟــﻪ ﭼﯿﺎی ﺳــﻪﻟــﻊ ﻟــﻪ ﺷــﺎری ﻣــﻪدﯾﻨﻪ ﺑــﻪ‬
‫دهﺳــﺘﻮﺧــﻪﺗﯽ ﺣﯿﺠﺎزی‪ ،‬ﻫــﺎوە`‪%‬ﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣــﻤ‪%‬ر‬
‫ﻣــــﻮﺣ‪%‬ﻣــــﻤ‪%‬د ﻧــــﺎوی ﺋ‪%‬و و ﺧﯚﯾﺎن ﻧــــﻮوﺳﯿﻮە ﺑﯚ‬
‫ﯾﺎدﮔـﺎری و ﻣ‪:‬ﮋوو‪» :١٧ ١٦ ١٥‬ﺣـﻜﻴﻢ و ﻳـﻮﻣـﻦ ﺑـﺎل ﻋـﻤﺮ‬
‫اﺑـﻦ ال ﺑـﻜﺮ اﻧـﺎ ﻋ‡رة اﺑـﻦ ﺣـﺰم اﻧـﺎ ﻣـﻴﻤﻮن‪ ..‬اﻧـﺎ ﻣﺤـﻤﺪ‬
‫ﺑـﻦ ﻋـﺒﺪ اﻟـﻠﻪ اﻧـﺎ ﻣـ… ﺑـﻦ ﻋـﻮﺳـﺠﺔ اﻧـﺎ ﺧـﻠﻒ اﻧـﺎ ﺳـﻠﻴ‡ن‬
‫اﻻﺻــﻐﺮ )اﻻﺣــﻤﺮ؟( اﻧــﺎ‪ ..‬اﻧــﺎ ﺳﻬــﻞ اﺑــﻦ‪ ..‬اﻧــﺎ ﻣــﻌﻘﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺠﻬـﻴﻨﻲ ﻳـﺎ اﻟـﻠﻪ اﻧـﺎ‪ ..‬اﻧـﺎ ﺳـﻌﺪ ﺑـﻦ ﻣـﻌﺬ …‪.‬اﺑـﻦء …‪.‬اﻧـﺎ‬
‫…… اﻧـﺎ ﻋﲆ ﺑـﻦ اﺑـﻮ ﻃـﻠﺐ ﻣـ ﻣﺤـﻤﺪ ﻳـﻘﺒﻞ اﻟـﻠﻪ ﻋـﻤﺮ‬
‫اﻟــﻠﻪ ﻳــﻔﻌﻞ ﻋــﻤﺮ ﺑــﺎﳌــﻐﻔﺮة اﳌــﻮﻣــﻨﻮن اﻟــﺤﻘﻰ‬
‫ﺑــﺎﻟﺼﻠﺤ‪ å‬ﻳــﺠﻌﻞ اﻟــﻠﻪ ﻋــﻤﺮ ﻣــﻦ اﻫــﻞ اﻟــﺠﻨﺔ و‬
‫اﺑﻮﺑﻜﺮ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ اﳌﻮﻣﻨ‪«å‬‬

‫‪ .٢‬ﻧـﻮوﴎاوی دووەم‪ » :‬أﻣﴗ وأﺻـﺒﺢ ﻋـﻤﺮ وأﺑـﻮ ﺑـﻜﺮ‬

‫ﻳﺘﻮدﻋﺎن‪) ‬أي ﻳﺘﻮﺑﺎن وﻳﺘﴬﻋﺎن(‪ ‬إﱃ اﻟﻠﻪ‪١٨«.‬‬

‫‪ .٣‬ﻧﻮــوﴎاوی ﺳ‪:‬ﯿ‪%‬م‪» :‬أﺷﻬﺪــ أن ﻻ…‪ ..‬ا‪ ..‬إﻟﻪــ‪] ‬إﻻ‬

‫ا[‪ ‬ﻟـﻠﻪ وأﺷﻬـﺪ أن ﻣﺤـﻤﺪ ﻋـﺒﺪه‪] ‬ورﺳـﻮﻟـ[‪ ‬ـﻪ ﺑـﺮﺣـﻤﺘﻚ‬
‫ﻳﺎ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻻ إﻟﻪ إﻻ‪] ‬ﻫﻮ ﻋﻠـ[ـﻲ ا‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ وﻫﻮ رب اﻟﻌﺮش اﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ«‪١٩‬‬

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 ‫ﻧﻮوﴎاوە ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﯾﯿ‪%‬ﮐﺎن‬

‫ﻧﻮوﴎاوی ﺷﻮ`ﻨ‪+‬ﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺮ )ﻣﺪاﺋﻦ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ(‬

‫‪ .٤‬ﻧـــﻮوﺳـــﺮاو‪d‬ﮑﯽ ﻧـــﺎوی ﻋـــﻮﻣ‪%‬ری ﮐﻮڕی‬
‫ﺧ‪%‬ﺗــﺎب ﻟ‪ %‬ﻧــﺎوﭼ‪%‬ی ﻧ‪%‬ﺟــﺮاﻧﯽ ﺳــﻌﻮدﯾ‪%‬‬
‫ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑﯚ ﺳــــﺎ`ﯽ ‪٢٣‬ی ﻫﯿـﺠـﺮی ﺋ‪%‬ﮔ‪%‬ڕ‪d‬ـﺘ‪%‬وە‬
‫ﯾﺎن )‪ .(Before 23 AH / 644 CE‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳـﺎ`ﯽ‬
‫‪ ٢٠١٢‬ﻟ‪%‬ﻻﯾ‪%‬ن ﮐﯚﻣ‪:`%‬ﮏ ﺷـﻮ‪d‬ﻨ‪%‬وارﻧـﺎﺳﯽ‬
‫ﻓ‪%‬ڕەﻧﺴﯿ‪%‬وە دۆزراﯾ‪%‬وە‪٢٠.‬‬

‫‪ .٥‬ﻧــــﻮوﴎاو‪d‬ﮑﯽ ﺗــــﺮ ﮐ‪ %‬دەﮔ‪%‬ڕ‪d‬ـﺘ‪%‬وە ﺑﯚ‬

‫ﺳ‪%‬ردەﻣﯽ ﻣــــﺮدﻧﯽ ﻋــــﻮﻣ‪%‬ری ﮐـﻮڕی‬
‫ﺧ‪%‬ﺗـﺎب )‪٢٤‬ی ﻫﯿﺠﺮی‪٦٤٤ ،‬ی زاﯾﻨﯽ( ﻟ‪ %‬ﻧـﺰﯾﮏ )ﻣـﺪاﺋـﻦ ﺻـﺎﻟـﺢ( ﮐ‪ %‬ﻧـﻮوﴎاوە‪» :‬ﺑـﺴﻢ اﻟـﻠﻪ أﻧـﺎ زﻫـ‪ò‬‬
‫ﻛـﺘﺒﺖ زﻣـﻦ وﻓـﺎة ﻋـﻤﺮ ﺑـﻦ‪ ‬اﻟﺨـﻄﺎب رﴈ اﻟـﻠﻪ ﻋـﻨﻪ ﺳـﻨﺔ أرﺑـﻊ وﻋﴩﻳﻦ ‪ ..‬أﻧـﺎ زﻫـ‪ ò‬ﻣـﻮﱃ اﺑـﻨﺖ‬
‫ﺷـﻴﺒﺔ« واﺗ‪» :%‬ﺑ‪%‬ﻧـﺎوی ﺧـﻮدا‪ ،‬ﻣـﻦ زوﻫ‪%‬رﯾﻢ‪ .‬ﻟ‪ %‬زەﻣ‪%‬ﻧﯽ ﻣـﺮدﻧﯽ ﻋـﻮﻣ‪%‬ری ﮐﻮڕی ﺧ‪%‬ﺗـﺎب ﺋ‪%‬ﻣ‪%‬م‬
‫ﻧﻮوﺳﯿﻮە ﺧﻮدا ﻟ‪:‬ﯽ ڕازی ﺑ‪:‬ﺖ ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳﺎ`ﯽ ‪ … ٢٤‬ﻣﻦ زوﻫ‪%‬ﯾﺮی ﮐﻮڕی ﻣ‪%‬وﻻی ﮐﭽﯽ ﺷ‪%‬ﯾﺒ‪%‬م«‪٢١‬‬

‫‪١٢‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻮوﴎاوە ﻣ‪:‬ﮋووﯾﯿ‪%‬ﮐﺎن‬

‫‪ .٦‬ﻧــــﻮوﴎاو‪d‬ﮏ ﻟ‪ %‬ﻧــــﺎوﭼ‪%‬ی ﺗــــﻴـﻤـﺔ ﮐ‪%‬‬

‫ﺋ‪%‬ﮔ‪%‬ڕ‪d‬ﺘ‪%‬وە ﺑﯚ ﺳــﺎ`ﯽ ‪٣٦‬ی ﻫﯿﺠﺮی ﯾﺎن‬
‫‪ .c. 36 AH / 656 CE‬ﻧـــﻮوﴎاوە‪” :‬اﻧـــﺎ‬
‫ﻗـﻴﺲ ا ﻟـﻜﺘﺐ اﺑـﻮ ﻛﺘ‪ ò‬ﻟـﻌﻦ ا ﻟـﻠﻪ ﻣـﻦ ﻗـﺘﻞ‬
‫ﻋـــﺜﻤﻦ ﺑـــﻦ ﻋـــﻔﻦ و ﻣـــﻦ اﺣـــﺖ ﻗـــﺘﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺘﻼ“‪٢٢.‬‬

‫‪ .٧‬ﻧـﻮوﴎاوی ﺑ‪%‬دﻧـﺎوی ﻣـﻌﺎوﯾ‪%‬ی‬

‫ﮐﻮڕی ﺋ‪%‬ﺑــﻮ ﺳــﻮﻓﯿﺎن ﻟ‪ %‬ﻧــﺰﯾﮏ‬
‫ﺗـﺎﺋﯿﻒ ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳـﺎ`ﯽ ‪٥٨‬ی ﻫﯿﺠﺮی و‬
‫ﻧـﻮوﴎاوە‪» :‬ﻫـﺬا اﻟﺴـﺪ ﻟـﻌﺒﺪ اﻟـﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻣـﻌﺎوﻳـﺔ أﻣ‪ ò‬اﳌـﺆﻣﻨ‪ å‬ﺑـﻨﺎه ﻋـﺒﺪ‬
‫اﻟـﻠﻪ ﺑـﻦ ﺻﺨـﺮ ﺑـﺈذن اﻟـﻠﻪ ﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪ù‬ـﺎن وﺧـﻤﺴ‪ å‬اﻟـﻠﻬﻢ اﻏـﻔﺮ ﻟـﻌﺒﺪ‬
‫اﻟــﻠﻪ ﻣــﻌﺎوﻳــﺔ أﻣ‪ ò‬اﳌــﺆﻣﻨ‪å‬‬
‫وﺛـﺒﺘﻪ واﻧﴫه وﻣـﺘﻊ اﳌـﺆﻣﻨ‪å‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻋﻤﺮو ﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎب«‪٢٣‬‬

‫‪ .٨‬ﭘ‪%‬ﯾﺎﻣﯽ ﻧـــﻮوﴎاوی ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣـــﻤ‪%‬ر ﻣـــﻮﺣ‪%‬ﻣـــﻤ‪%‬د ﺑﯚ ﭘـــﺎدﺷـــﺎﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﭼـــﻮاردەور‪ ،‬ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪:‬ﮏ ﻟ‪%‬واﻧ‪ %‬ﺑﯚ‬

‫اﳌـﻘﻮﻗـﺲ ﮐ‪ %‬ﭘـﺎدﺷـﺎی ﻣﯿﴪ ﺑـﻮو ﮐ‪ %‬ﻧـﻮوﴎاوە‪” :‬ﺑـﺴﻢ اﻟـﻠﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤﻦ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣـﻦ ﻣﺤـﻤﺪ ﺑـﻦ ﻋـﺒﺪ‬
‫اﻟـﻠﻪ إﱃ اﳌـﻘﻮﻗـﺲ ﻋـﻈﻴﻢ اﻟـﻘﺒﻂ‪ ،‬ﺳـﻼم ﻋﲆ ﻣـﻦ اﺗـﺒﻊ اﻟﻬـﺪى‪ .‬أﻣـﺎ ﺑـﻌﺪ ﻓـﺈ‪ ý‬أدﻋـﻮك ﺑـﺪﻋـﺎﻳـﺔ‬
‫اﻹﺳـﻼم‪ ،‬أﺳـﻠﻢ ﺗﺴـﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻳـﺆﺗـﻚ اﻟـﻠﻪ أﺟـﺮك ﻣـﺮﺗ‪ ،å‬ﻓـﺈن ﺗـﻮﻟـﻴﺖ ﻓـﺈ‪ÿ‬ـﺎ ﻋـﻠﻴﻚ إﺛـﻢ اﻟـﻘﺒﻂ‪ .‬ﻳـﺎ أﻫـﻞ اﻟـﻜﺘﺎب‬
‫ﺗـﻌﺎﻟـﻮا إﱃ ﻛـﻠﻤﺔ ﺳـﻮاء ﺑـﻴﻨﻨﺎ وﺑـﻴﻨﻜﻢ أﻻ ﻧـﻌﺒﺪ إﻻ اﻟـﻠﻪ وﻻ ﻧﴩك ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﻴﺌﺎ وﻻ ﻳﺘﺨـﺬ ﺑـﻌﻀﻨﺎ ﺑـﻌﻀﺎ‬
‫أرﺑﺎﺑﺎ ﻣﻦ دون اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﺈن ﺗﻮﻟﻮا ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻮا اﺷﻬﺪوا ﺑﺄﻧﺎ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﻮن”‪٢٤‬‬

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 ‫ﭼﯿﺎی ﺧﻮدا‬

‫ﭼﯿﺎی ﺧﻮدا‬
‫ﻣ‪%‬ﺑ‪%‬ﺳـﺖ ﻟ‪%‬و ﭼﯿﺎﯾ‪%‬ﯾ‪ %‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑ‪) %‬ﺳـﻴﻨﺎء‪ (٢٥‬ﻧـﺎوی ﻫـﺎﺗـﻮوە ﻟ‪ %‬ﻗـﻮرﺋـﺎﻧﯽ‬
‫ﺑ‪%‬ﻓ‪%‬ڕ ﯾﺎن )ﻃـﻮر ﺳـﻴﻨﻴﻦ‪ (٢٦‬ﯾﺎن )ﺳﯿﻨﺎ‪ (٢٧‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺒﯽ ﭘﯿﺮۆز‪ .‬ﺑﯚﭼـﻮوﻧﯽ‬
‫ﺟﯿﺎواز زۆر ﻫ‪%‬ﯾ‪ %‬ﻟ‪%‬ﺳ‪%‬ر ﺋ‪%‬م ﭼﯿﺎﯾ‪ %‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﺋـﺎﺧﯚ دوای ﺋ‪%‬وەی ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣـﻤ‪%‬ر‬
‫ﻣـﻮﺳـﺎ و ﺋﯿﺴﺮاﺋﯿﻠﯿ‪%‬ﮐﺎن ﻟ‪ %‬ﻣﯿﺴﺮ دەرﭼـﻮون‪ ،‬ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣـﻤ‪%‬ر ﻣـﻮﺳـﺎ ﻟ‪%‬ﺳ‪%‬ر‬
‫چ ﭼﯿﺎﯾ‪%‬ﮐﯽ ﺋ‪:‬ﺴﺘﺎی ﺋ‪%‬م ﺳ‪%‬ردەﻣ‪ %‬ﻟ‪%‬ﮔ‪%‬ڵ ﺧــــﻮدا ﻗــــﺴ‪%‬ی ﮐﺮد و ﺑﯚ‬
‫ﻣــــﺎوەی ﭼــــﻞ ﺷ‪%‬و ﺑ‪%‬ڕۆژوو ﺑــــﻮو و ﺗ‪%‬ورات و ﺋ‪%‬ﻟــــﻮاﺣ‪%‬ﮐـﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﯚ‬
‫داﺑ‪%‬زاﻧــــﺪ‪ .‬ﻟ‪%‬م ﭼ‪%‬ﻧــــﺪ ﭘ‪%‬ڕەﯾ‪ %‬ﮐﯚﻣ‪:`%‬ﮏ ﺷــــﺎخ و ﭼﯿـﺎ ﺋ‪%‬ﻫ‪:‬ـﻨﯿـﻨ‪%‬‬
‫ﺑ‪%‬ردەﺳـــﺖ ﺧـــﻮ‪d‬ﻨ‪%‬ر ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑ‪ %‬ﮔـــﻮﻣـــﺎن و ﺑﯚﭼـــﻮون و ﻟ‪:‬ﮑﯚ`ﯿﻨ‪%‬وەی‬
‫ﻫ‪%‬ﻧــﺪ‪d‬ﮏ زاﻧــﺎی ﺟﯿﺎواز وﺗــﺮاوە ﮐ‪ %‬ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪:‬ﮏ ﻟ‪%‬ﻣــﺎﻧ‪ %‬ﺋ‪%‬و ﭼﯿﺎﯾ‪%‬ﯾ‪ %‬ﮐ‪%‬‬
‫ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣﻤ‪%‬ر ﻣﻮﺳﺎ ﻗﺴ‪%‬ی ﻟ‪%‬ﮔ‪%‬ڵ ﺧﻮدا ﮐﺮد و ﺗ‪%‬ورات داﺑ‪%‬زی‪.‬‬

‫ﺟــ َﺒﻞ ٱﻟﻠﱠ ْﻮز( ﭼﯿﺎﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﮐ‪%‬وﺗﯚﺗ‪ %‬ﺑــﺎﮐﻮری ﺳــﻌﻮدﯾ‪ %‬ﻧــﺰﯾﮏ ﺳــﻨﻮوری ﺋ‪%‬ردەن ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳ‪%‬رووی‬
‫‪ .١‬ﭼﯿﺎی ﻟﯚز ) َ‬
‫ﮐ‪%‬ﻧــﺪاوی ﻋ‪%‬ﻗ‪%‬ﺑ‪ %‬ﮐ‪ ٢٥٨٠ %‬ﻣ‪%‬ﺗــﺮ )‪ ٨٤٦٠‬ﭘ‪ (y‬ﺑ‪%‬رزە ﻟ‪%‬ﺋــﺎﺳــﺖ ڕووی دەرﯾﺎ‪ .‬ﻧــﺎوەﮐ‪%‬ی واﺗ‪» :%‬ﭼﯿﺎی‬
‫ﺑﺎدەم«‪ .‬ﺋ‪%‬م ﭼﯿﺎﯾ‪ %‬ﻟ‪%‬ﻻﯾ‪%‬ن زاﻧﺎ و ﺷﻮ‪d‬ﻨ‪%‬وارﻧﺎس )‪ (Ron Wyatt‬دﯾﺎرﯾﮑﺮاوە ﺑ‪ %‬ﭼﯿﺎی ﻣﻮﺳﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .٢‬ﭼﯿﺎی ﻣ‪%‬ﻗˆ‪) %‬ﺑ‪ %‬ﺋﯿﻨﮕﻠﯿﺰی‪ :(Jabal Maqla :‬ﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪:‬ﮑ‪ %‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﮔ‪%‬ورە ﭼﯿﺎﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﻧـــﺎوﭼ‪%‬ی ﻋ‪%‬رەﺑﺴـــﺘﺎن ﮐ‪%‬‬
‫ﮐ‪%‬وﺗﯚﺗ‪ %‬ﺑــﺎﮐﻮری ڕۆژﺋــﺎوای ﺳــﻌﻮدﯾ‪ %‬ﻧــﺰﯾﮏ ﺳــﻨﻮوری ﺋ‪%‬ردەن ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳ‪%‬رووی ﮐ‪%‬ﻧــﺪاوی ﻋ‪%‬ﻗ‪%‬ﺑ‪ %‬و‪،‬‬
‫ﮐ‪%‬وﺗﯚﺗ‪ %‬ﺳﻨﻮوری ﺗ‪%‬ﺑﻮک ﻟ‪ %‬ﺳﻌﻮدﯾ‪ .%‬ﭼﯿﺎی ﻣ‪%‬ﻗˆ‪ %‬ﻧﺰﯾﮏ ﭼﯿﺎی ﻟﯚزە‪.‬‬

‫ـﻮﳻ؛ ﺑ‪ %‬ﺋﯿﻨﮕﻠﯿﺰی‪Mount Sinai :‬؛ ﺑ‪ %‬ﻋﯿﱪی‪:‬‬

‫َٰ‬ ‫ﺟـ َﺒﻞ ُﻣ‬ ‫‪ .٣‬ﭼﯿﺎی ﻣـﻮﺳـﺎ )ﺑ‪ %‬ﻋ‪%‬رەﺑﯽ‪ :‬ﻃُـ ْﻮر ِ‬
‫ﺳـ ْﻴ َﻨﺎء ﯾﺎن َ‬
‫הַר סִינַי؛ ﺑ‪ %‬ﯾﯚﻧــــﺎﻧﯽ‪ :(Όρος Σινάι :‬ﭼﯿـﺎﯾ‪%‬ﮐ‪ %‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﻧﯿـﻤـﭽ‪%‬دوورﮔ‪%‬ی ﺳﯿـﻨـﺎی ﻣﯿـﴪ ﮐ‪ %‬ﺑ‪ %‬ﭼﯿـﺎی‬
‫ﺳﯿﻨﺎی ﻧـﺎو ﮐﺘ‪:‬ﺒﯽ ﭘﯿﺮۆز و ﻗـﻮرﺋـﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‪%‬ﻓ‪%‬ڕ داﻧـﺮاوە‪ ،‬ﺋ‪%‬و ﭼﯿﺎی ﭘ‪:‬ﻐ‪%‬ﻣـﻤ‪%‬ر ﻣـﻮﺳـﺎ دە ڕاﺳـﭙﺎردەﮐ‪%‬ی‬
‫ﻟ‪%‬ﻻﯾ‪%‬ن ﺧﻮداوە ﺑﯚ ﻫﺎت ﮐ‪ %‬ﻟ‪ %‬ﻗﻮرﺋﺎن ﺑ‪) %‬اﻷﻟﻮاح‪ (٢٨‬ﻧﺎﺳ‪Ì:‬اوە‪.‬‬

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 ‫رﭼﺎوەﮐﺎن‬+‫ﺳ‬

٩٢ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ ﺋﺎﯾ‬،(‫ ﺳﻮرەﺗﯽ )اﻷﻧﻌﺎم‬،‫ ﻗﻮرﺋﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﯿﺮۆز‬١

٨٤ ‫ زەﺑﻮری ژﻣﺎرە‬،‫ زەﺑﻮورەﮐﺎن‬٢

٢١ ‫ دەﻗﯽ‬،٢١ ‫ﺷﯽ‬%‫ ﺑ‬،‫ﯾﺪاﺑﻮون‬%‫ﺒﯽ ﭘ‬:‫ ﮐﺘ‬،‫ورات‬%‫ ﺗ‬٣

٤ islamreigns.wordpress.com

٣٧ ‫ ﺑﯚ‬٣٥ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ ﺋﺎﯾ‬،(‫ ﺳﻮرەﺗﯽ )إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‬،‫ڕ‬%‫ﻓ‬%‫ ﻗﻮرﺋﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‬٥

٨٤ ‫ زەﺑﻮری ژﻣﺎرە‬،‫ زەﺑﻮورەﮐﺎن‬٦

٧ Sela' (Medina) citations at Book Mujam Buldan by Yaqut Hamwi, Volume I:
pages 5,1,5.145.237.432.663.671 Volume ii:pages ,32.111. Volume 3: pages
117.661.767.839. Volume IV: pages 434.439,.468.556.626 al-Hamawi, Yaqut
(1994). Kitab mu‘jam al-buldān. Tehran: Frankfurt am Main  : Institute for the
History of Arabic-Islamic Science at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University.
p. 323.
٨ hadithportal.com

٩ islamport.com

٢٧ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ ﺋﺎﯾ‬،(‫ ﺳﻮرەﺗﯽ )اﻷﺣﻘﺎف‬،‫ڕ‬%‫ﻓ‬%‫ ﻗﻮرﺋﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‬١٠

١٩ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ ﺋﺎﯾ‬،(‫ ﺳﻮرەﺗﯽ )اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‬،‫ڕ‬%‫ﻓ‬%‫ ﻗﻮرﺋﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‬١١

،(‫؛ ﺳـﻮرەﺗﯽ )اﻟـﻨﻤﻞ‬٦٧ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ ﺋـﺎﯾ‬،(‫؛ ﺳـﻮرەﺗﯽ )ﻫـﻮد‬٧٨ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ ﺋـﺎﯾ‬،(‫ڕ ﺳـﻮرەﺗﯽ )اﻷﻋـﺮاف‬%‫ﻓ‬%‫ ﻗـﻮرﺋـﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‬١٢
١٧ ‫ و‬١٣ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ ﺋﺎﯾ‬،(‫؛ ﺳﻮرەﺗﯽ )ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬٥٢ ‫ و‬٥١ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ﺋﺎﯾ‬

٣١ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ ﺋﺎﯾ‬،(‫ ﺳﻮرەﺗﯽ )ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬،‫ڕ‬%‫ﻓ‬%‫ ﻗﻮرﺋﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‬١٣

١٤ msf-online.com

١٥ M. Hamidullah, “Some Arabic Inscriptions Of Medinah Of Âe Early Years Of

Hijrah”, Islamic Culture, 1939, Volume XIII, p. 438.
١٦ G. C. Miles, “Early Islamic Inscriptions Near Ta’if In Âe Hijaz”, Journal Of Near
Eastern Studies, 1948, Volume VII, p. 240.
١٧Y. H. Safadi, Islamic Calligraphy, 1979, Shambhala Publications, Inc.: Boulder
(Colorado), p. 15.

١٥
 M. Hamidullah, “Some Arabic Inscriptions Of Medinah Of Âe Early Years Of
١٨

Hijrah”, Islamic Culture, 1939, Volume XIII, pp. 427-439.

M. Hamidullah, “Some Arabic Inscriptions Of Medinah Of Âe Early Years Of

١٩

Hijrah”, Islamic Culture, 1939, Volume XIII, pp. 427-439.

٢٠F. Imbert, “GraBti Arabes De Cnide Et De Kos: Premières Traces
Épigraphiques De La Conquête Musulmane En Mer Égée”, Travaux Et Mémoires,
2013, Volume 17, pp. 757-758.

ʿA. I. Ghabban, “Naqsh Zuhayr: Aqdam Naqsh Islāmī”, Arabia, 2003, Volume I,
٢١

pp. 293-342.
٢٢F. Imbert, “Califes, Princes et Poètes Dans Les GraBti du Début de l’Islam”,
Romano-Arabica, 2015, Volume 15, pp. 65-66 and p. 75 (Fig. 3).
٢٣G.C. Miles, “Early Islamic Inscriptions Near Taif in the Hijaz “Journal of Near
Eastern Studies, 1948, pp. 236-242
٢٤ alukah.net

٢٠ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ ﺋﺎﯾ‬،(‫ ﺳﻮرەﺗﯽ )اﳌﺆﻣﻨﻮن‬،‫ڕ‬%‫ﻓ‬%‫ ﻗﻮرﺋﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‬٢٥

٢ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ ﺋﺎﯾ‬،(å‫ ﺳﻮرەﺗﯽ )اﻟﺘ‬،‫ڕ‬%‫ﻓ‬%‫ ﻗﻮرﺋﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‬٢٦

‫ و‬١ ‫ دەﻗﯽ‬،١٩ ‫ﺷﯽ‬%‫؛ ﺑ‬١ ‫ دەﻗﯽ‬،١٦ ‫ﺷﯽ‬%‫ ﺑ‬،‫ﺒﯽ دەرﭼــﻮون‬:‫ ﮐﺘ‬،‫ورات‬%‫ ﺗ‬،‫ﯾ‡ﻧﯽ ﮐﯚن‬%‫ ﭘ‬،‫ﺒﯽ ﭘﯿﺮۆز‬:‫ ﮐﺘ‬٢٧
٢ ‫ دەﻗﯽ‬،٣٤ ‫ﺷﯽ‬%‫؛ ﺑ‬١٨ ‫ دەﻗﯽ‬،٣١ ‫ﺷﯽ‬%‫؛ ﺑ‬١٦ ‫ دەﻗﯽ‬،٢٤ ‫ﺷﯽ‬%‫؛ ﺑ‬٢٣ ‫ و‬٢٠ ‫ و‬١٨ ‫ و‬١١ ‫ دەﻗﯽ‬،١٩ ‫ﺷﯽ‬%‫؛ ﺑ‬٢
.‫ﺒﯽ ﭘﯿﺮۆز‬:‫ ﮐﺘ‬%‫ﯾ‡ﻧﯽ ﮐﯚن ﻟ‬%‫ﻧﺎو ﭘ‬%‫ﺒﯽ ﺗﺮ ﻟ‬:‫روەﻫﺎ زۆر ﮐﺘ‬%‫ ﻫ‬.٣٢ ‫ و‬٢٩ ‫ و‬٤ ‫و‬

١٥٤ ‫ و‬١٥٠ ‫ و‬١٤٥ ‫ﺗﯽ‬%‫ ﺋﺎﯾ‬،(‫ ﺳﻮرەﺗﯽ )اﻷﻋﺮاف‬،‫ڕ‬%‫ﻓ‬%‫ ﻗﻮرﺋﺎﻧﯽ ﺑ‬٢٨

١٦