SEMINAR SYNOPSIS

On

“ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN POWER SYSTEM”

Submitted for partial fulfillment

Of
B. Tech.
In

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED TO:
Mr. Gagandeep Singh
Prof. ECE Department

SUBMITTED BY:
Ishwar Chand

Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad

27th Km Stone, Delhi-Hapur Bypass Road, Adhyatmik Nagar, Ghaziabad-201009

Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow

APRIL, 2020
Artificial Intelligence in Power Systems
An electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transmit and use
electric power. Power systems engineering is a subdivision of electrical engineering that deals
with the generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of electric power and the electrical
devices connected to such systems like generators, motors and transformers.

Commonly, artificial intelligence is known to be the intelligence exhibited by machines

and software, for example, robots and computer programs. The term is generally used to the
project of developing systems equipped with the intellectual processes features and
characteristics of humans, like the ability to think, reason, find the meaning, generalize,
distinguish, learn from past experience or rectify their mistakes. Artificial general intelligence
(AGI) is the intelligence of a hypothetical machine or computer which can accomplish any
intellectual assignment successfully which a human being can accomplish.

It is claimed that artificial intelligence is playing an increasing role in the research of

management science and operational research areas. Intelligence is commonly considered as the
ability to collect knowledge and reason about knowledge to solve complex problems. In the near
Future intelligent machines will replace human capabilities in many areas. Artificial intelligence
is the study and developments of intelligent machines and software that can reason, learn, gather
knowledge, communicate, manipulate and perceive the objects. John McCarthy coined the term
in 1956 as branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans. It
is the study of the computation that makes it possible to perceive reason and act

.Artificial intelligence is different from psychology because it emphasis on computation

and is different from computer science because of its emphasis on perception, reasoning and
action. It makes machines smarter and more useful. It works with the help of artificial neurons
(artificial neural network) and scientific theorems (if then statements and logics). AI
technologies have matured to the point in offering real practical benefits in many of their
applications. Major Artificial Intelligence areas are Expert Systems, Natural Language
Processing, Speech Understanding, Robotics and Sensory Systems, Computer Vision and Scene
Recognition, Intelligent Computer- Aided Instruction, Neural Computing. From these Expert
System is a rapidly growing technology which is having a huge impact on various fields of life.
The various techniques applied in artificial intelligence are Neural Network, Fuzzy Logic,
Evolutionary Computing, and Hybrid Artificial Intelligence.

Transmission lines are vital part of the electrical power system and are defined as
conductor or conductors designed to transmit electrical energy from generating centre to the load
centre. When faults occur in the power system, they usually provide significant changes in the
system quantities like over-current, over or under voltage, power factor, impedance, frequency
and power or current direction. Mostly 80-90% of the fault occurs on transmission line and rest
on substation equipments and bus-bars combined. The key challenge to the protection of
transmission line lies in reliably detecting and isolating faults compromising the security of the
power system. And, if any fault or disturbances are generated in transmission lines & not
detected, located & eliminated quickly, it may cause instability in the power system.

The microprocessor technology brings unquestionable improvements of the protection

relays- criteria signals are estimated in a shorter time; input signals are filtered-out more
precisely; it is easy to apply sophisticated corrections; the hardware is standardized and may
communicate with other protection and control systems; relays are capable of self monitoring.
All this, however, did not make a major breakthrough in power system protection as far as
security, dependability and speed of operation are considered. The key reason behind this is that
the principles used by digital relays blindly reproduce the criteria known for decades.

The relaying task, however, may be approached as a pattern recognition problem - by

monitoring its inputs, the relay classifies on-going transients between internal faults and all the
other conditions. Or, the protective relaying may be considered as a decision making problem -
the relay should decide whether to trip or retrain itself from tripping. This observation directly
leads to AI application in power system protection. Practically, it includes the artificial neural
network approach (pattern recognition), as well as the expert system and fuzzy logic methods
(decision making).

Thus, a well coordinated protection system must be provided to detect & isolate various
types of faults rapidly so that damage & disruption caused to power system is minimized. And,
the time required in determining the fault point along the transmission line affects the quality of
power to be delivered. For this purpose, the protective relays operates after a fault has occurred
and helps to minimize the period of trouble and limit the outage time, damage and related
problems.