Issues of Neuro ageing –

Specific Ayurvedic Approach

Prof. Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad

M.D.(Ay) COP (German), M.A, Ph.D. (Jyotish)

Prof.,H.O.D PG (Kayachikitsa),
DGM Ayurveda Memorial College,
SV Savadi Road, Gadag,

09448746450 / 09290566566
doctorksrprasad@gmail.com

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• A man rises from India makes
Thursday as Holiday rules all and
takes them to long way in to stars
to start new civilization -
Nostradamus
• We are getting started an initiation
to make the Prophecies true

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 • Life is a Journey and the
Death is a Stage.
Think ! • Life is the sum of the
functions that resist
death.
• Xavier Bichat 1771-1802
French surgeon, Paris
• Aging is a natural
process of being and
ultimately the being is
subjected for death.
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• The ageing is of either
physical (Body) or
psychological
(Mental) maturity
• The organic process
of growing older and
showing the effects of
increasing age is
under the influence of
fourth dimension -
Time
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 Man took all refusal age portions than
got 100 years to become “Shatayu” -
Living like them
• All Beings
• Mother refused but
nature • Man wants
provide Life more years
• Man 30 • Donkey 20
years refuse
years
• Dog 15 years
• Donkey refuse
30 years • Monkey 15
• Dog 30 years refuse
years • Snake 20
years refuse
• Monkey
30 years
• Snake 30
years
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 Do we live like animals
Sharing Animal instincts
• If not . . . We have to know how to live like HUMAN

• Such of rejuvenating method at present offers . . .

• , , , Take one capsule twice daily or walk 100km, Please. . .

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 Objectives regarding
thought/concept
• Ayurveda doesn’t have description of Brain as Organ or
even physiology & Pathology described in organ specific.
So, Ayurveda doesn’t have Brain.
• To understand and postulate whether ageing is physical
or psychological
• Attributing and isolating of the psychological ageing in
terms of Psycho-Neuro (Brain) ageing
• Finding factors / medicaments for retarding / regulating
the Neuro-ageing

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 Internal Environment in Ayurveda
• The “kena jalena phalati” “Kapha” – represents the
Intracellular compartment
• The “slisha alingana” “Shleshma” - represents the
Intercellular compartment
• The “poshana” “Bala” - represents the Interstitial
(Blood) compartment
• Apart from – the dual antagonistic qualities of “Sheeta
: Ushna” & “Snigdha : Asnigdha” controls the internal
environment in Ayurveda

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•Ayurveda defines
bio-availability and
sustenance of toxic
free tissue building
and maintenance by
Bio-fire, through out
the life span and
ultimately a voluntary
termination of
biological needs -
Marana.
“If Mahamarichadi Taila Nasya
A lizard cuts its
tail accidentally
is done at the “Pradhame
can grow once Vayasi” (puberty) of lady –
again – can even after attain the old age
such task
thought by
the breast never drops”.
Human - Bhavamishra
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Classification
LIFE depends on
of Death Death = Cessation
Glucose = Rasa
Unction = sneha

Influencing factors
Nutritional deficiency,
Systemic Mitochondrial Aging, Cellular
Free Radicals rise,
Caloric Restriction
Beejabhaga Avayava
•Apoptotic
Mechanism
•Tolemere
Cardiac Respiratory Cerebral repeated loss
•Loss of defensive
mechanism

Neuro degeneration
Cessation Absence of
Lower cognitive function
Heartbeat breath
Verbal & memory loss
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 Death
• Death is – The cessation
of life i.e. cessation of
integrated tissue and
organ functions or loss of
heartbeat, absence of
breathing and cerebral
death.

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• Frailty, The state of • Brain death
being weak in health may very well
or body - especially be a distinct,
from old age is a physiological
common entity but this
phenomenon or concept of
process of biological death is not
aging is a complex accepted in
phenomenon, many cultures
depending on a and much
manifold of different anthropological
parameters, including evidence exists
nature of the to demonstrate
organism, lifestyle, this.
diet, and so forth. Paul Gill,
British anthropologist
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• Ayurveda believes the re-birth and
Karma Vipaka, thus the care for death
and old age is not focused as we
never care for Sunset as we are
conformed of next day sunrise.
• The prime goal is to alleviate suffering,
and not to prolong life. If treatment
does not alleviate suffering, but only
prolongs life, that treatment should be
stopped.
• Christian Barnard 1922-2001
• Pioneer South African heart surgeon

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 • Thought is life
• Thoughtlessness is Death
(The cessation of life)
• Body without thought is
functionless
• Thought without body is
motionless
Sequence • Human functions with Body
(Hardware) Brain (software)
of Death are co-axial components
• The sequence of the death
starts from – lungs – heart –
brain – mind – and ends
with soul
• Death is manifested by the
loss of heartbeat, by the
absence of spontaneous
breathing, and by cerebral
death.
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• A clinical syndrome characterized by the
permanent loss of cerebral and brain stem
function,
• manifested by absence of responsiveness
to external stimuli,
• absence of cephalic reflexes, and apnea.
• An isoelectric electroencephalogram for at
least 30 minutes supports the diagnosis.

Cerebral Death
(Brain death)
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 Centenarians
Symptoms of
Menopause &
Andropause

• Centenarians
– Incidence is 1:10000
– Achieving exceptional ages is by genetic variations
– Survival advantage is through multifactor
• Menopause and Andropause
– Hot flashes
– Mood swings
– Irritability
– Depression
– Increased risk of osteoporosis, Respiratory, cardiovascular disease
– Age-associated diseases

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• Neurodegenerative diseases
• Progressive impairment
• A consequence of ongoing neuronal cell
death
• Brain cell Apoptotic mechanisms
• Elderly experience includes –
– steeper decline in cognitive function
– lower cognitive performance
– Disturbed endogenous estradiol (Sukra)
levels

Observations of Brain Ageing

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10 visible signs of
Ageing
1. Hair loss
2. Eyes (Visual disturbances)
3. Ears (Hearing loss)
4. Lost Teeth
5. Wrinkled Facial skin
6. Dropped Breasts
7. Dry loose Body skin
8. Thin Buttocks
9. Raised Veins
10. Weak Muscles and
bones

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Prominent Seven Signs of Ageing
1. Lines and wrinkles
2. Uneven skin texture
3. Uneven skin tone
4. Appearance of pores
5. Blotches and age spots
6. Dry skin
7. Dullness

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Gender Differences of Ageing

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Real Seven Signs of observance

1. Emotional maturity appears

2. Wisdom, self-confidence, self-
esteem develops
3. Owning your own house fulfills
4. Sense of perspective on life
inclines
5. Sexual confidence deprives
6. Career develops
7. Financial security obtains
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 Brain / Neuro Ageing

• Brain (Mastaka Majja) size decreases

with advancing age; after the age of 60
years, its size declines by 5 to 10%
• Brain Aging is associated with a
progressive decline in the synthesis of
neurotransmitters and a decline in their
corresponding receptors (? function of
Pranavata)

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 Brain / Neuro Ageing
• A major functional change is slower
reaction times, which may be the result
of a slower nerve conduction or trans-
synaptic speed
• Visual acuity tends to decrease with age
progression & Diminished ability of the
lens - reduced ability to distinguish
colors
• Anatomic changes, such as tissue
laxity is witnessed
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 Brain / Neuro Ageing
• Sleep patterns change
with advancing age -
older adults are more
wakeful during the
night and spend much
more time in bed - a
more fragmented
pattern, with frequent
awakenings in late life
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 Brain / Neuro Ageing

• Neuropsychiatric aspects of
Age-related symptoms of
benign senescence, slowed
reaction time, postural
hypotension, vertigo or
giddiness, presbyopia,
presbycusis, stiffened gait,
and sleep difficulties

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AGE-RELATED PHYSIOLOGIC CHANGES
IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
1) Neuroanatomic changes
– Brain atrophy (? Majja kshaya)
– Decreased neuron counts (? Vata Kshaya)
– Increased neuritic plaques
– Increased lipofuscin and melanin (? Sneha kshaya)
2) Neurotransmitter changes (? Gati nirodha)
– Decline in cholinergic transmission
– Decreased dopaminergic synthesis
– Decreased catecholamine synthesis
3) Neurophysiologic changes
– Decreased cerebral blood flow
– Electrophysiologic changes (slowing of alpha
rhythm, increased latencies in evoked responses)
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 NEUROPSYCHIATRIC MANIFESTATIONS OF AGE-RELATED PHYSIOLOGIC CHANGES
System Manifestation
Cognition Forgetfulness
Processing speed declines throughout adult life
Neuropsychological declines: selective attention, verbal fluency,
retrieval, complex visual perception, logical analysis
Reflexes Stretch reflexes lose sensitivity
Decreased or absent ankle reflexes
Decreased autonomic and righting reflexes, postural instability
Sensory Presbycusis (high-frequency hearing loss), tinnitus
Deterioration of vestibular system, vertigo
Presbyopia (decreased lens elasticity)
Slowed pupil reactivity, decreased upgaze
Olfactory system deterioration
Decreased vibratory sensation
Gait and Gait stiffer, slowed, forward flexed
balance
Increased body sway and mild unsteadiness
Sleep Decreased sleep efficiency, fatigue
Increased awakenings, insomnia
Decrease in sleep stages 3 and 4
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Sleep duration more variable, more09290566566
naps
 Sequential Loss of Biological Qualities in Aging
Decades Years Losses (Vagbhata) Losses (Sharangdhara)

First 0-10 Balya (Boyishness) Balya

Second 11-20 Vrddhi (Growth) Vriddhi
Third 21-30 Prabha (Luster) Chhabi (Beauty)
Fourth 31-40 Medha (Intellect) Medha
Fifth 41-50 Twaca (Skin) Twaca
Sixth 51-60 Sukra (Sexual Ability) Drsti (Vision)
Seven 61-70 Drsti (Vision) Sukra (Sexual Ability)
Eighth 71-80 Srotrendriya (Audition) Vikram (Strength)
Ninth 81-90 Mana (Psyche) Buddhi (Wisdom)
Tenth 91-100 Sparshanendriya (Psychomotor Karmendriya (Locomotor
function) Activity)

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Ayurvedic
seven
stages of
Ageing
• loss of Prabha (luster) @ 20 +
• Medha (Intellect) @ 30 +
• Twak (Wrinkling skin) @ 40 +
• Sukra (estrogens) @ 50 +
• Drusti (vision) @ 60 +
• Vikrama (strength) and Srotram (Hearing) @ 70+
• Buddhi (wisdom) and Manas (psyche) @ 80+
• The seven step ageing includes - intellect, Vision,
Sukra and wisdom, are of Brain / psycho-neuro
connected.
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 Influencing factors
• Nutritional deficiency
(Rasa)
• Mitochondrial Aging
(Pitta)
• Free Radicals rise
(Ama)
• Caloric Restriction
(Vata)
• Beejabhaga Avayava
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 Forces acting on cell injury
Cell
Bubble

Pressure (Vata)
Intra capsule temperature (Pitta)
Mass resistance (Kapha)

Surface tension

External forces – Cytosolic calcium (Vata)

pressure (Gravity), Oxygen toxicity (Pitta)
Temperature & Free Radicles (Kapha)
Mass resistance Ischemia (Rakta)

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 Factors influencing Longevity
• Contemporary system
– Environmental
– Genetic characteristics
• Ayurveda
– Jaati (Race/ genetical)
– Desha (Geographical / environmental)
– Prakruti (constitution) and
– Ahara (Food)

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• Vata ageing is
catabolic that develops Vata in
Kapha inversely
proportional is anabolic Neuro-ageing
• Vata controls the mind
which has a referral /
functional seat as Brain
• Physical ageing refers
Kampa, Vepadhu, etc
diseases of physical
Brain dysfunctions
• Chanchalya and
deprived functions of
the Manas are of
psycho-neuro
dysfunctions
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• Pitta, relates with Jara
and Jarana
• Jara understood as
“Paka” i.e. conversional Pitta in
process
• Dhatupaka, probably Neuro-ageing
identified as technical
term with reference to
tissue ageing
• Tissues are growing older
and transformed from
active building state to the
morbid state
• Morbid melancholic state
is death
• Retardation of ageing or
slowing the Dhatupaka,
termed as Rasayana doctorksrprasad@gmail.com / 34
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 Ribosomes & Telomeres
•Telomeres are the physical ends of
linear eukaryotic chromosomes.
•Telomeres are composed of short
repeated DNA sequences and their
• Ribosomes make the associated proteins
stuff of life. They are •Many human somatic cells do not
the protein factories express sufficient telomerase
in every living activity to prevent telomere repeat
creature, and they loss, resulting in cell senescence or
churn out all proteins
ranging from bacterial death when telomeres shorten to a
toxins to human critical length.
digestive enzymes. •telomere length checkpoint for
aging and cell growth is also seen
Ageing makes telomerase components deleted, and
Rasayana is replacement of cell telomerase components
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 Rasayana understood as -
• Retardation of Necrobiosis (the
normal degeneration and death of
living cells [as in various
epithelial cells])
• Retardation of Cytokinesis =
Organic process consisting of the
division of the cytoplasm of a cell
following karyokinesis
bringing about the separation into
two daughter cells
• Bio availability = Retardation of Bio-
division by supply of abundant
requisite nutrients for long term cell
maintenance
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• Rasayana is evolution by
natural selection works
through differential
reproductive success.
(Pumsavana, Vajikarana –
Eugenics)
• Rasayana by managing the
flow, distribution, and rate of
consumption of finite supplies
of glucose (Rasa) and fat
(Sneha) (Sequential tissue
Progression)
• Increased circulating glucose
benefits the basic metabolic
function of important tissues
such as the brain (Rasa
Parinama vada) & acts as
Rasayana
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CONTEMPORARY TERMINOLOGIES TO
STUDY RASAYANA DRUGS
• Adaptogenic •CELL PROLIFERATIVE
• Anti stress •CELL REGENERATIVE
•GENOPROTECTIVE
• Antimutagenic •MICRONUTRIENTS
• Anti-oxidants •TISSUE REMODELING
•ANABOLIC ACTIVITY
• Cytoprotective •FREE RADICALS
• Mental agility
• Tissue protective

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 Sheeta Rasayana
™ Seeta Rasayana with Sheeta
veerya dravya is considered as
medical cell Hibernation.
™ Here the cell becomes
inactivate temporarily with
minimal input of nutrients.
™ In further the body organ
complex sustains life and bio-
energy resources are regulated
™ The body temperature
regulations from external
environment is necessary to
regulate cell mitosis and
inactivation of cytokines.
™The Amla – is the best of such.
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Ushna Rasayana
™ Ushna Rasayana with Ushna
veerya dravya is considered as
cell fluid regulation.
™ Here the cell becomes
inactivate temporarily with
minimal cell fluid nutrients.
™ In further the body organ
complex sustains life and bio-
energy resources are regulated
™ The cell temperature
regulations from external
environment is made to regulate
cell mitosis and inactivation of
cytokines.
™The Pippali – is the best of
such.
39
 Bio Psychological Rasayana
Sphere Model
For Psychosomatic apotheosis

Psychological
Personality Sphere factors
Endocrinal
Immune system Genetic
Neurotransmitters Emotions
Motivation

Biological
Sphere factors

Social support
Stressful life
events social
norms
Social
Sphere factors

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 D R. P E R R I C O N E’S 7 Secrets to
Beauty, Health, and Longevity
• Jump-start cellular metabolism
• Not to fanatically count calories to
maintain weight & what have to do is
learn how to control our blood sugar.
• Prevent bone loss & stimulate new bone
growth
• Rejuvenate from underlying tissue but
not superficial
• A robust sex life enhances cellular health
• Right form of exercise will restore
balance, unity, and harmony between
mind and body.
• Mental and physical stress Control is the
key to a long, healthy, and happy life.
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 Mandukaparani
Latin - Centella asiatica
Kannada - Vondelaga
English - Indian Pennywort
Parts used - whole plant (panchanga)

Properties
Medhya, rasayana, smrutipradha, (Cha. Chi.1)
Pittahara
Nervine tonic, tranquilizer, improves concentration, intelligence &memory

Uses
Epilepsy, Insomnia, lack of concentration, anxiety and related disorders

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 Natural food materials for Vayasthapana
(Stagnated ageing)

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Vayasthapana according to Dosha predominance
Four major dietetic ingredients . . .

1) Vata Dugdham
2) Pitta Ghrutam
3) Kapha Madhu
4) Rakta Sheetalodaka

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Upastambha in Rasayana
• Ahara – Brahmacharya – Nidra
• The food (Rasa) according to
Dosha predominance is
prescribed as Rasayana
• Celibacy retards the productivity
not only of semen conservation
but also cell division – thus
becomes Ayushya
• Accepted Sleep schedule is a
proved bio-resting phase of
minimal psycho-somatic activity
by which enhances the longevity
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Assessment of Rasayana
Kashyapa
• Rasayana lakshana
– Deerghayu
– Smruti
– Medha
– Arogya
– Tarunaya Vaya
– Vaksiddhi
– Shareera Kanti
• Dhatu karma
– Preenana
– Jeevana
– Lepa
– Snehana
– Dharana
– Poorana
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qÉåkÉÉMüUuÉaÉïqÉç –
xÉiÉiÉÉkrÉrÉlÉÇ uÉÉS: mÉUiÉl§ÉÉuÉsÉÉåMülÉqÉç
iÉ̲±ÉcÉÉrÉïxÉåuÉÉ cÉ oÉÑήqÉåkÉÉMüUÉå aÉÑ(aÉ)hÉ:
xÉÑ ÍcÉ 28/24

AÉrÉÑwrÉuÉaÉïqÉç –
AÉrÉÑwrÉÇ pÉÉãeÉlÉÇ eÉÏhÉåï uÉåaÉÉlÉÉÇ cÉÉÌuÉkÉÉUhÉqÉç
oÉë¼cÉrÉïqÉÌWÇûxÉÉ cÉ xÉÉWûxÉÉlÉÉÇ cÉ uÉeÉïrÉåiÉç –
xÉÑ ÍcÉ 28/24

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• Continuous learning, discussion, learning
unknown & being with learned makes
ones to never attain “Brain Ageing” or
Brain Death.
• Insulin production and regulation in the
body is directly proportional to the
ageing
• Methika modakam regulates the Insulin
• Regulated Rasa – preenana – makes brain
ageing retarded
• Disturbed endogenous estradiol (Sukra)
level correction (eg: Papaya) is first
choice in retarding Brain ageing

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• Rasayana is obtained by stem cell researches
and cell reprogramming by Ushna Rasayana
• Rasayana in terms of Telomeres replacement
is achieved by the “Ashwagandha” etc as
Aushadha or Shatavari as Ahara-Aushadha
(Sheeta) Rasayana
• Bio Psychological Rasayana Sphere Model or
phyto-mineral-bio-available medicine for
Psychosomatic apotheosis regulation is
necessary for achieving long standing brain
function
• The role Sheeta/ Ushna Rasayana chosen
under Ayurveda internal environment identity
is very important in modulating Medhya
(Brain) Rasayana

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 It’s from HAVE Knowledge

Communicate your questions

Dr. K.Shiva Rama Prasad
doctorksrprasad@gmail.com
doctorksrprasad@aol.in

23/02/2008
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