Mapua University

School of Civil Engineering

658 Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila

Advance
Foundation design

SUBMITTED BY:
BANAL, VINZE
RYAN
OBEDOZA,
WINICAR
PABALATE, ARIEL
 Boring Log Data

Water table is located at depth 1.37 meters from the ground surface

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]

Using the table from http://www.geotechdata.info/ for the values of the void ration:

Depth (m) Gs e Dry unit weight Saturated unit

weight
5 2.6 0.45 17.59 20.63
6 2.7 0.70 17.59 19.62
8.5 2.63 1.20 17.59 17.08
11.5 2.63 1.20 17.59 17.08
13.5 2.63 1.20 17.59 17.08
15.5 2.63 1.20 17.59 17.08
18 2.63 1.20 17.59 17.08
20 2.68 0.60 17.59 20.11

1.) What is the ultimate and allowable bearing capacity based on soil strength up to 2B
below the base using Terzhagi, Meyerhof, and Hansen equations for each given size of
isolated footing? Use Factor of Safety = 2.5.

a.) B = 2m , L = 2m, Df =3m

b.) B = 6m , L = 6m, Df =3m

Using Terzaghi’s Equation

q u=5.14 Su S c

Sc =1.30 → bowle ' s

Using Meyerhof’s Equation

q u=5.14 Su S c d c

Sc =1+0.20 ( BL ) → ¿ book of B . M Das

Df
d c =1+0.2 ( )
B
→¿ book of B . M Das

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]

Using Hansen’s Equation
q u=5.14 Su S c d c

Sc =1+0.20 ( BL ) → ¿ book of B . M Das

Df
d c =1+0.4 ( )
B
→ ¿ book of B . M Das

a.) B = 2m , L = 2m, Df =3m

σ 'o=17.59(1.37)+20.63(3.63)+19.62(1)+17.08 (1)−9.81(5.63)

σ 'o=80.4549 kP a

Su
=[0.11+0.0037 ( 34 ) ]
σ 'o

Su=1 8.97 kPa

Using Terzaghi’s Equation

q u=5.14 x (18.97) x (1.30)=126.75754 kP a

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]

 126.75754
q a=
2.50

qa=50 .70 kPa

Using Meyerhof’s Equation

Sc =1+0.20 ( 22 )=1.20
d c =1+0.20 ( 32 )=1. 30
q u=5.14 x (18.97) x (1.20) x(1.30)=152.109 kP a

152.09
q a=
2.50

qa=60.84 kPa

Using Hansen’s Equation

Sc =1+0.20 ( 22 )=1.20
d c =1+0.40 ( 32 )=1. 6 0
q u=5.14 x (18.97) x (1.20) x(1.60)=187.211 k P a
187.21
q a=
2.50

qa=74.88 kPa

b.) B = 6m , L = 6m, Df =3m

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]

 σ 'o=17.59(1.37)+20.63(3.63)+19.62(1)+17.08 (9)−9.81(13.63)

σ 'o=1 38.615 kPa

Su
=[0.11+0.0037 ( 37 ) ]
σ 'o

Su=34.22kPa

Using Terzaghi’s Equation

q u=5.14 x (34.22)x (1.30)=228.658 kP a

228.658
q a=
2.50

qa=91.46 kPa

Using Meyerhof’s Equation

Sc =1+0.20 ( 66 )=1.20
d c =1+0.20 ( 36 )=1.10
q u=5.14 x (34.22) x (1.20)x (1.10)=232.176 kP a

232.176
q a=
2.50

qa=92.87 kPa

Using Hansen’s Equation

Sc =1+0.20 ( 66 )=1.20
ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]
 d c =1+0.40 ( 36 )=1.20
q u=5.14 x (34.22) x (1.20)x (1.20)=253.283 kP a
253.283
q a=
2.50

qa=101.31 kPa

2.) What is the allowable bearing capacity based on soil compressibility up to 2B below the
base using terzaghi& Peck, Meyehof, and bowles equations for each given size of
isolated footing? Use allowable settlement = 30mm. Assume the time for creep to be 10
years.

a.) B = 2m , L = 2m, Df = 3m
b.) B = 6m , L = 6m, Df = 3m

Using Terzaghi and Peck’s Equation

q a=0.41 N cor Sa

Sa =40 mm( allowable settlement )

N cor =C n C w N

Using Meyerhof’s Equation

q a=( 0.41 N cor Sa ) 1.5

N cor =C n N

Using Bowles’ Equation

3.28 B+1 2 S
q a=11.98 N cor ( 3.28 B ) Fd a
25

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]

N cor =C n N

C n=0.77 log ( p2' )→ Peck , Hanson∧Thornburn

C w =0.5+0.5 ( D+D B )→ Peck , Hanson∧Thornburn
w

F d=1+ 0.33 ( DB ) ≥ 1.33→ Bowle ' s

f

a.) B = 2m , L = 2m, Df =3m

p '=17.59 (1.37)+ 20.63(3.63)+19.62(1)+17.08(1)−9.81(5.63)
p '=80.455 kPa

2
C n=0.77 log ( 0.0 8045 )
C n=1.0 745

N=19 → number of blows at depth 2 B ¿ bottom of footing

C w =0.5+0.5 ( 31.37 m
m+2 m )
C w =0. 637

F d=1+ 0.33 ( 32mm ) ≥ 1.33

F d=1. 495

Using Terzaghi& Peck’s Equation

N cor =1.0745 ∙0.637 ∙ 19
N cor =13.0047

q a=0.41 ∙13.0047 ∙ 3 0

qa=159.96 kPa

Using Meyerhof’s Equation

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]
 N cor =1.0 745∙ 19
N cor =20.4155

q a=1.5( 0.41∙ 20.4155∙ 3 0)

qa=376.67 kPa

Using Bowles’ Equation

N cor =1.0 7456 ∙19
N cor =20.4155

3.28 ( 2 m )+ 1 2 30
q a=11.98 (20.4155) ( 3.28 ( 2m ) ) (1. 495)
25

qa=582.74 kPa

b.) B = 6m , L = 6m, Df = 3m
p '=17.59 (1.37)+ 20.63(3.63)+19.62(1)+17.08(9)−9.81(13.63)
p '=1 38.615 kPa

2
C n=0.77 log ( 0.1 38615 )
C n=0. 8926

N=18 → number of blows at depth 2 B ¿ bottom of footing

C w =0.5+0.5 ( 31.37 m
m+6 m )
C w =0. 5761

F d=1+ 0.33 ( 36 mm )≥ 1.33

F d=1.165

Using Terzaghi& Peck’s Equation

N cor =0. 8926 ∙ 0.5761 ∙18
N cor =9.256

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]

 q a=0.41 ∙ 9.256 ∙3 0

qa=113.849 kPa

Using Meyerhof’s Equation

N cor =0. 8926 ∙18
N cor =16.0668

q a=1.5( 0.41∙ 16.0668∙ 3 0)

qa=296. 43 kPa

Using Bowles’ Equation

N cor =0. 8926 ∙18
N cor =16.0668

3.28 ( 6 m ) +1 2 30
q a=11.98 (16.0668) ( 3.28 ( 6 m )) (1. 33)
25

qa=339.211kPa

3.) Calculate the total settlement of each isolated footing. Use Schmertmann’s method for
immediate settlement and assume all clay layers be overconsolidated. Disregard the
secondary consolidation.

a.) B = 2m , L = 2m, Df =3m

b.) B = 6m , L = 6m, Df =3m

Using Schmertmann’s method

z2
Iz
Se =C 1 C 2 ( q́−q) ∑ ∆z
0 Es

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]
Procedure for calculating elastic settlement using Schmertmann’s method:

Step 1. Plot the foundation and the variation of Iz with depth to scale (Figure 5.22a).
Step 2. Using the correlation from standard penetration resistance (N60) or
conepenetration resistance
(qc), plot the actual variation of Es with depth(Figure 5.22b).
Step 3. Approximate the actual variation of Es into a number of layers of soil having a
constant Es, such
as Es(1),Es(2), . . . , Es(i), . . . Es(n) (Figure 5.22b).
Step 4. Divide the soil layer from z = 0 to z =z2 into a number of layers by drawing
horizontal lines. The
number of layers will depend on the break in continuity in the Iz and Es diagrams.

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]

 z2
Iz
Step 5. Prepare a table (such as Table 5.11) to obtain∑ ∆z
0 Es
Step 6. Calculate C1 and C2.
Step 7. Calculate Sefrom Eq. (5.49).

a). Total settlement for 2m x 2m with depth of 3m from ground.

Use:
B = 2m
L = 2m
Time = 10 yrs.
q́=113.8488 kPa ( allowable bearing capacity using Terzaghi∧Pec k ' sequation )

Depth N- Es(M
Soil Description PI Gs δ δsat
(m) Blows pa)
17. 20.
5 Clayey Silt 10 24 2.67 15
59 63

17. 19.
6 Grayish Silty Sand 29 NP 2.70 43.5
59 62

17. 17.
8.50 Fat Clay 19 34 2.63 28.5
59 08

17. 17.
11.50 Fat Clay 19 32 2.63 28.5
59 08

17. 17.
13.50 Fat Clay 19 35 2.63 28.5
59 08

17. 17.
15.50 Fat Clay 18 37 2.63 28.5
59 08

17. 17.
18 Fat Clay 15 38 2.63 28.5
59 08

Brown Silty Fine 17. 20.

20 30 NP 2.68 45
Sand 59 11

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]

Elastic Settlement Calculation:
z to the Iz at the
Layer (Iz/Es)Δz
Δz(m) Es(KPa) middle pf middle of the
No. (m3/KN)
the layer layer
1 2 15000.00 1 0.25 0.00003333

2 1 43500.00 2 0.50 0.00001500

3 2 28500.00 4 0.20 0.00001404

∑ (m3/KN) = 0.00005886

q time∈ years
C 1=1−0.5( ) C 2=1+log( )
q́−q 0.1
3∗17.59
C 1=1−0.5 ( 113.85−3∗17.59 )=0.96667 C 2=1+0.2∗log ( 0.110 )=1.4
z2
Iz
Se =C 1 C 2 ( q́−q ) ∑ ∆z
0 Es

Se =0.568∗1.4∗( 113.8488−52.77)∗0.00005886
Se =0.0 0286 m

Se =2.86 mm

b). Total settlement for 3m x 3m with depth of 1.5m from ground.

z to the Iz at the
Layer (Iz/Es)Δz
Δz(m) Es(KPa) middle pf middle of the
No. (m3/KN)
the layer layer
1 2 15000.00 1 0.25 0.00003333

2 1 43500.00 2 0.57 0.00001310

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]

 3 7.5 28500.00 9.5 0.315 0.00008289

4 1.5 27000.00 11 0.045 0.00000025

∑ (m3/KN) = 0.00013182

q time∈ years
C 1=1−0.5( ) C 2=1+log( )
q́−q 0.1
3∗17.59
C 1=1−0.5 ( 113.85−3∗17.59 )=0.568 C 2=1+0.2∗log ( 0.110 )=1.4
z2
Iz
Se =C 1 C 2 ( q́−q ) ∑ ∆z
0 Es

Se =0.568∗1.4∗( 113.8488−52.77)∗0.00013182
Se =0.0 064025 m

Se =6.4025 mm

4.) Summarize and tabulate all your answers. Compare and discuss briefly the results and
make your conclusion.

Problem Method / Equation a) B = 2m , L = 2m, Df b) B = 6m , L = 6m, Df

Number used =3m =3m
Terzaghi qa=50 .70 kPa qa=91.46 kPa

1. Meyerhof qa=60.84 kPa qa=92.87 kPa

Hansen qa=74.88 kPa qa=101.31 kPa

Terzaghi and Peck qa=159.96 kPa qa=113.8488 kPa

2. Meyerhof qa=376.67 kPa qa=296.43 kPa

Bowles qa=582.74 kPa qa=339.211kPa

3. Schmertmann Se=2.86 mm Se=6.4025 mm

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]

ADVANCE FOUNDATION DESIGN [AUTHOR NAME]