Department of Agro-industrial Technology,

Faculty of Agriculture Technology

WORKMAP
INDUSTRIAL WORK METHOD DESIGN
TIN 211
Why use work map ?
What is work map ?
What is it for ?
 Work Study

Method Study Human factors/Ergonomics

Motion Economy
Principles of work
Work Study arrangement Motion Study

INDUSTRIAL WORK Work

METHOD DESIGN Measurement
Time Measurement
Work
Energy Measurement
Measurement
Techniques Psychological Measurement
Sociological Measurement
 Relationship and difference between
method study and work measurement
Method study is the systematic
recording and critical examination
of ways of doing things in order to
make improvements
Method study is the principal
technique for reducing the work
involved, primarily by eliminating
unnecessary movement on the part
of material or operatives and by
substituting good methods for poor
ones.
Work measurement is the
application of techniques designed
to establish the time for a qualified
worker to carry out a task at a
defined rate of working
Work measurement is concerned
with investigating, reducing and
≠ subsequently eliminating
ineffective time, that is time
during which no effective work is
being performed whatever the
cause
Work Study consists of iterative steps
• Select
• Record
• Examine
• Develop
• Evaluate
• Define
• Install
• Maintain
Record, Examine, Develop
• Means of recording is needed in order to examine
• The most commonly used are charts and diagrams
• Generally the two terms are briefly noted as work map
• Based on process sequence and events it is categorized into two :
• Those are used to record a process sequence, i.e. a series of events or
happenings in the order in which they occur, but which not depict the events
to scale
• Those which record events, also in sequence, but on a time scale, so that the
interaction of related events may be more easily studied
 Work Map Categorization

• Whole and Unit

• Process sequence and events

Categorization based
on sequence and
events Outline Process Chart
Flow Chart-Worker Type
Flow Chart-Material Type

Indicating Process Sequence Chart Flow Chart-Equipment Type

Two-Handed Process Chart

Procedure Flow Chart

Multiple Activity Chart

Using Time Scale Chart
SIMO Chart
Flow DIagram
String Diagram
Indicating Movement Diagram
Cyclegraph
Cronocyclegraph
Travel Chart
Categorization based
on whole/unit Operation Process Chart
Flow Process Chart
Gang Process Chart

Whole Activity Flow Diagram

Man-Machine Chart
Unit Activity
Right-Left Hand
• Whole activity mapping
• Maps whole activities and/or facilities for producing a
product/products

• Workplace/unit mapping
• Maps activities and/or facilities of man in a workstation
 What is the definition of
Q1 Work Map ?
• Tools that describes work activity in a systematic and clear fashion
(usually production activity)

• Work map reveals all steps/action that a material goes into the
factory (raw material), undergoes steps, i.e. transportation,
machine operations, inspection, assembly until it becomes
products (intermediate or final)
Q2 Why use work map?

• Applying work map supports work method improvement of a

production process.
 Methods Improvement
• Eliminating unnecessary operations
• Combining operations
• Better work order
• More economic machinery
• Eliminate working time
In1947, ASME applied 5 symbols :

operation

transportation

inspection

D Waiting (dalam proses)

storage
Operation

It will be seen that the symbol for an operation is also

used when charting a procedure, as for instance a
clerical routine. An operation is said to take place
when information is given or received, or when
planning or calculation takes place.
Inspection

• An operation always takes the material, component or service a stage

further towards completion, whether changing it’s shape (as in the case of
a machined part) or it’s chemical composition (during a chemical process)
or by adding or subtracting material (as in the case of an assembly). An
operation may equally well be a preparation for any activity which brings
the completion of the product nearer.
• An inspection does not take the material any nearer to becoming a
completed product. It merely verifies that an operation has been carried
out correctly as to quality and/or quantity. Were it not for human
shortcomings most inspections could be done away with
Transport

A transport thus occurs when an object is moved from

one place to another, except when such movements
are part of an operation or caused by the operative at
the workstation during an operation or an inspection.
This symbol is also used whenever material is handled
on or off trucks, benches, storage bins and so on
Temporary storage or delay
Permanent storage
Combined Activities