Document Type: INS-SYL-

Document Code
DOCUMENTED INFORMATION 07
ISO 9001:2015 Revision No. 00
Document Title: June 25,
Effective Date
2018
Laboratory Exercise No.2
Page 1 of 8

SOIL FORMING ROCKS AND MINERALS

Introduction:
Minerals are naturally occurring and inorganic separates minerals from most
manufactured substances as well as materials formed only in biological processes. Their internal
structure and chemical composition gives minerals characteristic physical and chemical
properties that provide clues to the identity of the minerals. Also it has physical properties such
as Color, luster, streak, hardness; cleavage, fracture, and crystal form are the most useful
physical properties for identifying most minerals. Other properties-such as reaction with acid,
magnetism, specific gravity, tenacity, taste, odor, feel, and presence of striations-are helpful in
identifying certain minerals.
Rocks are the parent material of minerals soils in addition rocks is historical documents
that record events far back in earth history. Rocks are classified into 3 types based on origin:
igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous it is originated from magma a hot fluid mass or
rock melt, sedimentary rocks it is consolidated fragments of igneous and metamorphic rocks,
while the metamorphic chemically and/or physically transformed igneous or sedimentary rock
by heat.

Materials:
Mineral sample, Graduated cylinder, Rock sample, Stirring rod, H2O2, Hot plate,
Distilled water, Microscope, 100 Ml beaker, and Filtered paper.
Procedure:
Part 1. Examination of rocks and minerals
1. Study the rock and mineral specimens provided you.
2. Determine their properties indicated in the data sheet.
Part 2. Determine of primary minerals remaining in soil
1. Place 5 g of soil in beaker and add 30 mL of H₂O₂ (Use Samples Collected from the
Upland and Lowland soil sample.
2. 2. Place beaker on a hot plate and allow the mixture to dry.
3. Mark the side of the beaker at 10 cm above the bottom.
4. Fill to mark with water and stir vigorously.
5. Allow it to stand for about 5 minutes, decant and discard the suspension. Repeat until the
suspension is clear.
6. After the final decantation pour off the sand into an evaporating dish and dry it on a hot
plate.
7. Place some of the dry samples out so that the grains will be separated from each other.
8. Examine the same under a microscope and observe the common minerals.
 Document Type: INS-SYL-
Document Code
DOCUMENTED INFORMATION 07
ISO 9001:2015 Revision No. 00
Document Title: June 25,
Effective Date
2018
Laboratory Exercise No.2
Page 1 of 8

Results:
Palamayanan (High Land)

No Minerals Chemical Character

Composition
1 Quartz SIO2 Scratched glass steel
2 Limestone CaCO3 Scratched by copper coin
3 Fluorite CaF2 Scratched by soft iron

DISCUSSION
 Document Type: INS-SYL-
Document Code
DOCUMENTED INFORMATION 07
ISO 9001:2015 Revision No. 00
Document Title: June 25,
Effective Date
2018
Laboratory Exercise No.2
Page 1 of 8

In doing the activity, first we get dry soil from the soil we collect from the previous
activity and pulverized it. As in the procedure, we put 5 grams of pulverized soil in the
beaker (measuring glass) and put 30 ml of hydrogen peroxide in both lowland and
highland sample and put it in a hot plate and wait until it become dry both. After drying,
we put distilled on it and we stir. After stirring, we pour it in a cylinder tube with filter
paper.
We get a very little sample from both and observed it in a microscope. And from
that, I observed from both lowland and highland that soil is contain of many minerals such
as; limestone CaCO3, Quartz and Fluorite. And also I observed that lowland is more acidic
than highland.

Therefore, I conclude that soil is made up of many minerals not only calcite that is
similar to limestone, quartz and fluorite but there more some minerals you can found in
soil. And it depends on the soil location and slope as well as the area.
 Document Type: INS-SYL-
Document Code
DOCUMENTED INFORMATION 07
ISO 9001:2015 Revision No. 00
Document Title: June 25,
Effective Date
2018
Laboratory Exercise No.2
Page 1 of 8

 Rice Field (Low land)

No Minerals Chemical composition Character

1 Goethite FeOOH Imparts a yellow color

2 Limestone CaCO3 Scratched by copper coin

3 Iron Fe Brittle, hard substances