Machine Learning

Assignment # 01
BSCS – 7th Semester

Assignment Due Date: September 30, 2019

Question # 01:
What are the features of Python programming that make it
suitable for machine learning?

From development to deployment and maintenance, Python helps developers be

productive and confident about the software they’re building. Benefits that make Python
the best fit for machine learning and AI-based projects include simplicity and consistency,
access to great libraries and frameworks for AI and machine learning (ML), flexibility,
platform independence, and a wide community. These add to the overall popularity of the
language.

 Extensive selection of libraries and frameworks

 Simple and consistent
 Platform independence
 Great community and popularity
Question # 02:
What are the features of scikit-learn python library for machine
learning?

Scikit-learn is a free machine learning library for Python. It features various

algorithms like support vector machine, random forests, and k-neighbours, and
it also supports Python numerical and scientific libraries like NumPy and SciPy.

Question # 03:
What are python libraries that are extensively used for machine
learning algorithms?

Python libraries that used in Machine Learning are:

 Numpy
 Scipy
 Scikit-learn
 Theano
 TensorFlow
 Keras
 PyTorch
 Pandas
 Matplotlib
Question # 04:
Define following terms:
1. Supervised learning
Supervised learning is the machine learning task of learning a function
that maps an input to an output based on example input-output pairs. ...
In supervised learning, each example is a pair consisting of an input
object (typically a vector) and a desired output value (also called the
supervisory signal).

2. Unsupervised learning
Unsupervised learning is the training of an artificial intelligence (AI)
algorithm using information that is neither classified nor labeled and
allowing the algorithm to act on that information without guidance.

3. Classification
n machine learning and statistics, classification is a
supervised learning approach in which the computer program learns from
the data input given to it and then uses this learning to classify new
observation.

4. Regression
Regression is a statistical measurement used in finance, investing, and
other disciplines that attempts to determine the strength of the relationship
between one dependent variable (usually denoted by Y) and a series of
other changing variables (known as independent variables).

5. Overfitting
 Overfitting occurs when a statistical model or machine
learning algorithm captures the noise of the data. ... Overfitting is often a
result of an excessively complicated model, and it can be prevented by
fitting multiple models and using validation or cross-validation to
compare their predictive accuracies on test data.

6. Underfitting

Underfitting is the case where the model has “ not learned enough” from
the training data, resulting in low generalization and unreliable
predictions. As you probably expected, underfitting (i.e. high bias) is just
as bad for generalization of the model as overfitting.

7. Model generalization

Generalization refers to how well the concepts learned by a machine learning

model apply to specific examples not seen by the model when it was learning.
The goal of a good machine learning model is to generalize well from the
training data to any data from the problem domain.

Note:
i. Submit hand-written assignment
ii. No copying of other student’s work is allowed. Zero
marks will be awarded in case of cheating