Smart Lab

Smart Waste
Management System
PROJECT BACKGROUND
• The next few years to collect and amount of garbage, utilities will have to spend twice more budgets. These
costs can be significantly reduced by using Smart Waste Management Systems.
 Smart Waste management process improvement is a high priority task for large cities in Saudi Arabia
 The Saudi government is investing heavily in waste management solutions
 Jeddah municipality is ready to automate and digitize their waste management process and has announced
a tender for waste management platform development

PROBLEMS MUNICIPALITY HAS GOT REGARDING WASTE MNGT

 Waste management systems are part of the Smart City Concept.
 Poor means to control whether Waste Producers follow municipality standards and procedures or not
 Insufficient monitoring on waste collection contract execution by Waste Transporters
 Manual paperwork for contracting process
 Waste Transporters making illegal contracts with Waste Producers
 SMART WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM GOALS

• Contracts Compliance
• Improving the quality of services
• Optimal routes built by garbage collection
management systems allow you to:
• Optimize staff time;
• Reduce the amount of fuel consumed by
garbage trucks;
• Reduce the number of purchased garbage
trucks that are required for garbage
collection;
• Reduce wear on machinery / road.

As a result, according to analysts, the costs of

utilities for garbage collection can be reduced by
almost 40%.
SMART CITY CONCEPT : REAL-TIME DATA PLUS PRIVATE BLOCKCHAIN
• Blockchain smart contracts
will automatically monitor
the execution of contracts
for the municipality using
agregated Real-Data from
Tracking System.

Actors
Municipality

Data Streaming
Producers
Consumers
Transporters
Signals

API
Transactions

Contracts

Distributed Ledger Transactions

Waste Collected
Waste Delivered
SMART CONTRACTS COMPONENT
Hyperledger Blockchain for Transparent
Contracts Control
 It is proposed to build the solution using innovative
Hyperledger blockchain
 Hyperledger blockchain allows to keep waste contracts
information in distributed ledger
 Smart Contracts get going smoothly with the automation
of the entire process in a secured and immutable way
 Smart Contract works as a decentralized system which
can self-execute and self-enforce with set algorithms
 Different conditions and restrictions can be checked:
business rules, types of waste, validity of license, route,
weight, etc.
 Waste management becomes easier with
cryptographically created and self-executing contracts
 Every transaction is handled and executed in a safe,
secured and immutable way without any manipulation
 Accessing and verifying is easier
SMART CONTRACTS COMPONENT : BUSINESS PROCESS DIAGRAM
 SMART CONTRACTS COMPONENT

1. All contracts between waste producers, waste transporters and waste facilities must be digitalized.
2. Every device such as waste vehicle, waste bin or waste facility has been equipped with special
chip (sensor) which will keep its register data, recognize actions and send information about this
actions (messages, transactions) into the blockchain network.
3. Each time the action takes place, the sensors on vehicle/bin/facility will generate messages and
smart contracts will check if the action is legal (i.e. check the contract details).
4. In case of contract violation smart contracts will detect it automatically in real-time; notification will
be provided.
5. Information about actions will be available to view through a web-based application (dashboards);
the Jeddah Municipality monitors all actions in real-time.
CONTAINER FILL LEVEL MEASURING

• The Smart Waste system consists of a wireless ultrasonic fill level monitoring sensor and a web
oriented application.

• The sensor can be used with all types of containers, regardless of their capacity and waste type.

• Data from the sensor is submitted to the server wirelessly (GPRS)

and it is immediately available for analysis via the software application.
CONTAINER FILL LEVEL MEASURING
Significant cost reduction
The use of Smart Waste system
enables direct cost reduction of up
to 40% in fuel and overall waste
collection logistics.
Operational autonomy
The sensor's integrated battery
ensures operational autonomy up
to 10 years.
Easy to deploy
Smart Waste sensor can be
installed in all types of containers
regardless of their type, capacity
or purpose.
Ruggedness
The Smart Waste sensor is
designed to operate in all weather
and working conditions and is
resistant to mechanical stress and
impacts that occur during the
emptying of the container.
CONTAINER FILL LEVEL COMPONENTS
Smart Waste sensor

Smart Waste is a specially designed ultrasonic sensor for measuring fill level of waste
bins/containers regardless of their type, capacity or purpose. The fill level data is submitted to the
server wirelessly (GPRS) and it is immediately available in the cloud application.

Smart Navigator

Mobile application for tablets or smartphones used by the waste collection truck drivers. It
enables receiving and display of work orders, collection routes, navigation and communication
with the dispatcher.

Cloud application

By combining the recorded fill level measurements from the sensors with data gathered by GPS
tracking of waste collection vehicles, the system automatically generates optimal collection
routes providing up to 40% in direct cost savings in waste logistics. Through constant data
analysis and by using special algorithms, the system is able to autonomously predict the time
frames for reaching end fill level values for all containers, taking into account all available
parameters (container type, waste type, location) to determine the type and number of vehicles
required to cover the area.
WASTE CONTAINERS IDENTIFICATION

Modules for automatic electronic

identification of waste bins and

containers, wireless data

transfer in real time and data

access from a remote location.

WASTE CONTAINERS IDENTIFICATION

Easy to Use Pay as you throw

Container identification is fully automatic. The The use of the bin
system uses special RFID antennas installed on identification system
garbage truck lifters to automatically detect RFID enables implementation of
transponders fitted on the bins and containers. No PAYT waste collection
additional actions by the workers are required and service billing system –
the system does not affect the usual work processes. according to volume and
number of collections or
weight.
Provability of given service
The data about waste bin emptying is submitted Data transfer
to the server only if the system's sensors confirm in real time
that the bin was on the lifter in the emptying All data from the system
position. on the vehicle is submitted
to the cloud app wirelessly
(GPRS) in real time
WASTE CONTAINERS IDENTIFICATION COMPONENTS
Central computer
Installed inside a vehicle’s cockpit, the central computer controls overall operation of
the entire system and enables storing, processing and wireless data transfer (GPRS)
in real time. It receives data from the controller unit that is connected with antennas,
sensors, and push button boxes for irregularity reporting.
Controller unit
Installed in the rear side of the superstructure, the controller unit communicates
with other system components via CAN bus, aggregates and relays all collected
data to the Central computer. The unit’s housing and terminal plug-in connectors
have IP67 protection level.
RFID antennas
The antennas are installed on the hydraulic lifter and they are used for automatic
reading of RFID transponders fitted on waste bins and containers. They are
integrated in robust housings made of highly resistant industrial plastic and can be
installed on all types of waste collection vehicles.
Visual and audible alerting equipment
Alerts the workers with signals corresponding to particular process (successful/failed
reading, irregularity reports, blacklisted user).
SMART WASTE TRACKING

Waste tracking process

1. Vehicle sensor when positioned close enough to waste bin sensor can receive information
about bin (i.e. waste producer) and send this data to blockchain
2. Smart contracts check the validity of the action (in the simplest case smart contract
approves that valid contract exists between this waste producer and this waste
transporter)
3. If violation has been detected, the notification is sent
4. All information is stored in a distributed ledger and is available on dashboards (for internal
Jeddah Municipality users or for outer users in accordance with their access levels)
SMART WASTE CONTAINERS IDENTIFICATION BASIC FEATURES

Automatic waste bin identification

Waste bin identification is fully automatic. The system uses special RFID
antennas installed on garbage truck lifters to automatically detect RFID
transponders fitted on the bins and containers. No additional actions by the
workers are required and the system does not affect the usual work processes.

Audible and visual allerting

The signalling equipment installed on the vehicle provides simple information to
the workers about the RFID transponder reading, either by the system's antennas
or peripheral devices and reported irregularities. It also notifies the waste workers
in case of missing or non-functional RFID tags, as well as blacklisted users.

Detection of bins without rfid transponders

The system automatically detects bins without RFID transponders and instantly
allerts the workers.
SMART WASTE CONTAINERS IDENTIFICATION BASIC FEATURES

Automatic bin emptying verification

The sensors detect the presence of bins on the lifter, i.e. the presence of RFID tags on the
bins. The second stage of verification is done using sensors that detect when the lifter with
the bins on it is in the emptying position. This finally confirms that the identified bin has
been emptied. The data is submitted to the server only after receiving confirmation that the
identified bin has been emptied.

Black list
The system enables wireless transfer of blacklisted user data from the billing software
(ERP) to the central computer in the vehicle. In case the owner of the bin about to be
emptied is blacklisted, the system automatically alert the workers with corresponding
audible and visual signals.

Bin emptying geo-location

The system records GPS coordinates for each bin emptying and sends the data to the
cloud application where the emptyings can be seen on GIS map
SMART WASTE CONTAINERS IDENTIFICATION BASIC FEATURES

Electronic irregularity reporting

By pressing the adequate button on one of two push button boxes installed in the
rear side of the superstructure, the workers can electronically report up to 3
different irregularities (e.g., overfilled bin/container or inappropriate waste inside a
bin/container).

Data transfer in real time

Central computer's integrated GPRS module enables wirelless data transfer in
real time (emptied waste containers, reported irregularities, vehicle tracking, etc.).

RF communication
Control unit installed in the vehicle has an integrated RF communication module
for wireless data transfer from the peripheral components (RFID access control,
handheld readers, etc.) within a 50-metre radius.
SMART WASTE CONTAINERS IDENTIFICATION BASIC FEATURES

Satellite tracking of waste collection vehicles

GPS tracking provides precise information regarding the current status and location
of waste collection vehicles, as well as detailed records of all driving routes.

Safety memory
All recorded data is saved to central computer’s safety memory, where it remains
stored for two years, regardless of having been successfully submitted to the server.
In case of breakdowns or accidents, the data can be transferred manually using a
USB stick or an SD card.

Wireless operating software upgrading

The central computer has an integrated OTA (Over-the-air programming)
electronics that enables wireless upgrade of operating software.
ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS

 All vehicles, bins and facilities will be equipped with appropriate sensors and reading devices
(e.g. RFID tags and readers) which capture actions and generate messages so that waste
tracking process does not include manual steps.
 The system will consider that a waste vehicle has collected waste from a bin when it
recognizes that the vehicle and the bin are next to each other (e.g. RFID reader identifies
a bin tag).
 Estimated project budget does not include costs for the required infrastructure and its
maintenance (e.g. vehicles GPS modules, RFID identifiers and bin tags).
 The municipality standards and procedures can be realized on smart contracts, i.e. they can be
expressed in digital form.
COMPONENTS

 API manager: Authentication, Authorization, Caching, Prototyping, and Monitoring for all APIs.

 Identity server: Implements SSO login process. Manages access policies. Handles several user stores.

 Business Process Server: Executes long running stateful processes. Allows to automate cross-systems
business processes and minimize paper work.

 Services: Could be hosted in isolated containers and managed by container-manager (like Kubernetes).
By this system could be easily scaled horizontally even by a single service.

 The Data layer could be denoted by 3 groups runtime data, cache data, aggregated data, and could be
represented by different types of data storages.

 Log Storage: Collects logs from all subsystems. Provides audit and analytics for all platform events.
Solution Benefits
1. Transparency across the entire waste & recycling value chain

2. Lower operational costs 3. Better environmental efficiency and quality of service

• Fewer collections • Less CO2 + NOX

• Less trucks needed
• Less fuel needed
• Less time used (labor cost)
• Less servicing costs
• Less cleanup costs
• Less traffic congestion
• No overfull containers
• Less scattered waste
• Better hygiene
TECHNOLOGICAL STACK

Any* cloud or On-premise React / Angular

Docker RESTfull Services
JavaScript

SQL Server* Identity Server

Kafka API Manager
Business Process Server
DESIGN APPROACH

Brainstorm (Ideate)
Build
To generate and evaluate ideas
To implement the best possible solution
• Gather ideas
• Create high-fidelity prototypes
• Build information architecture
• Prepare UI guidelines
• Sketch
• Pair work with the developer
• Compare possible solutions

Test
To evaluate usability and reveal insights
• Ask users and make improvements
• Gather feedback from Google Analytics
• Conduct surveys
QUALITY MANAGEMENT APPROACH

Value-driven testing process

Cost- and time-effectiveness Not only find defects – Agile Testing for Agile
is a must prevent them Development

· Test in the amount and way · Quality Control on all stages of · Adopted testing activities for quick
appropriate for particular case SDLC
iterative product delivery

· Reduce manual work by usage of · Collaboration with other functional

· Reduce wastes caused by
specific tools teams involved in project
overwhelmed test documentation
and process complexity
QA BENEFITS

Decreased overall QA budget Enhanced end-user product quality

25% savings as compared to the traditional practices ISO/IEC 25010, IEEE 829 standards commitment

Expanded process transparency Mitigated post-release defects

Customer’s supervision over testing infrastructure Minimization of post-release system failures

Reduced time-to-market Streamlined QA processes

Time-efficient product launching Effective processes establishment
through automation
INFORMATION DEVELOPMENT: PROPOSED USER ASSISTANCE SCOPE

User assistance
360-degree documentation of various Self-help portal structured according to task-based approach
types and media (online and offline, FAQ page covering the most frequent user questions
printed, mobile) targeted at various user
roles and flows.

UX writing UI hints and messages focused on goal-oriented and process

Creating and editing UI text to ensure guidance
consistency and clarity of message and
brand voice. Creating content strategy of a Pop-ups with additional instructions and ‘see more’ link to the related
solution to ensure smooth user experience help portal topic
assisted by content at any stage.

Technical knowledge mgnt

Creating and maintaining technical Knowledge base containing all technical decisions, architecture and
documentation of the solution with the aim of deployment process documented
ensuring business continuity and information Integration Guides
ownership of the Customer API documentation
 INFORMATION DEVELOPMENT: PROPOSED TRAINING SCOPE

Training and eLearning

Training application users to perform flows
and understand their place in the whole
business process.

Training program Demo Walkthrough video Video tutorials Software simulations

with the corresponding of the solution at each of the overall business of major flows to train users
presentations and major stage of its flow for main user roles even prior
hand-outs development to solution release
(optional)
Information Development
INFORMATION DEVELOPMENT SERVICES: PROPOSED INVOLVEMENT

MVP PROJECT
services

User UX
Assistance Writing
UX User Technical Training
Writing Assistance Knowledge and
Mgnt eLearning

Training
materials
Deliverables and scope

• FAQ page initial version
• Mockup of the proposed
user assistance approach
• Demo video of the POC
• UI text and messages
• UI pop-ups providing short
instructions
• Content strategy outline for
the solution
• Consistent, clear and to-the- • Self-help portal for
point UI text and messages
• UI pop-ups providing short
instructions and user
assistance with reference to
appropriate topic in help
portal
• Content strategy
implemented and followed to
ensure brand identity
• Knowledge Base • Training program
solution users • Presentations and hand-out
• Integration Guides
materials for the training sessions
• FAQ page • API documentation
• Demos of the solution for each of
the major stages
• Walkthrough video of the overall
business flow
• Video tutorials of major flows for
main user roles
• Software simulations to train users
even prior to solution release
(optional)
 EXECUTION AND DELIVERY

Product Project execution Delivery

design
Stakeholders expectations management & reporting

Governance, resources, risks & change management

1. Product
vision 1. Acceptance

2. Acceptance 2. Implementation
criteria Iteration Iteration
MVP
User #2 User #3 3. Warranty
3. Initial feedback feedback
project 4. Support
plan Features Go Features Go Features
List #1 Live List #2 Live List #3

Development and testing

 SELF-DRIVEN (AUTOMATED) SDLC PROCESS

Is a process that systematizes and makes it easier to run all needed actions
that are triggered by some project event, like project start, change of team,
scope, goals etc.

Required environments and Conduct a project kick off

key stakeholders
Meet with stakeholders
Collect and compile all existing
project documentation
Create stakeholders register
Develop and approve a project
charter
Request team
Provide access to all engineers
meeting
Schedule project meetings
Plan team structure and
personnel workload
Clarify personnel wages
Complete budget calculator
Communications Plan Closure report
RACI Matrix Change Management Process Risk review
Project Schedule Change Management Form Customer Satisfaction Survey

Initiation Planning Execution Closure

Monitoring & Control

PAYMENT TERMS

Team monthly cost The envisioned project Expense

based on Time & duration:
Material model of - MVP – 6 months
cooperation - about 12-18 months for
— about $35,500.00 all functional mentioned in
the RFP
reimbursement in
case of onsite visits
of the team members
Smart Lab

The Custom Software

Development Company