SMART GARBAGE MONITORING SYSTEM

ABSTRACT
Nowadays certain actions are taken to improve the level of cleanliness in the country. People are getting more active
in doing all the things possible to clean their surroundings. Various movements are also started by the government to
increase cleanliness. We will try to build a system which will notify the corporations to empty the bin on time. In
this system, we will put a sensor on top of the garbage bin which will detect the total level of garbage inside it
according to the total size of the bin. When the garbage will reach the maximum level, a notification will be sent to
the corporation's office, then the employees can take further actions to empty the bin. This system will help in
cleaning the city in a better way. By using this system people do not have to check all the systems manually but they
will get a notification when the bin will get filled.
 CONT..

The segregation, transport, handling and disposal of waste must be managed properly to
minimize the risks to the public, and the environment. An efficient method to dispose the
waste has been designed in our project, “Smart Garbage Monitoring System ". This project
proposes an automatic waste segregator which is a cheap, easy to use solution for a
segregation system at households, so that the wastes can be sent directly for processing.
Automatic waste segregator is designed to sort the waste into three main categories namely;
metallic, organic and plastic, thereby making the waste management more effective. Soil
moisture sensors are added for monitoring waste collection process. The sensors would be
placed in all the garbage bins. When the garbage reaches the level of the sensor, then the
indication will be given to a microcontroller.
INTRODUCTION

IoT or Internet Things refers to the network of connected physical objects that can
communicate and exchange data among themselves without the desideratum of any
human intervention. It has been formally defined as an “Infrastructure of Information
Society” because IoT sanctions us to amass information from all kind of mediums such as
humans, animals, conveyances, kitchen appliances. Thus, any object in the physical world
which can be provided with an IP address to enable data transmission over a network can
be made part of IoT system by embedding them with electronic hardware such as sensors,
software and networking gear. IoT is different than Internet as in a way it transcends
Internet connectivity by enabling everyday objects that utilizes embedded circuits to
interact and communicate with each other utilizing the current Internet infrastructure
 LITERATURE REVIEW
Concept, Design and Implementation of Automatic Waste Management
Proposes an advanced method in which waste management is automated. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is
one of the most promising and anticipated technology in recent years. The system makes use of radio frequency
(RF) tags and web support. This work present here certainly provides a novel approach in handling and disposing
off the day to day solid waste in an efficient and easy way. The system consists of four main subsystems namely
Smart Trash System (STS), Local Base Station (LBS), Smart Vehicle System (SVS), and Smart Monitoring and
Controlling Hut (SMCH). The proposed system would be able to automate the solid monitoring process and
management of the overall collection process. The technologies that would be used in the proposed system are good
enough to ensure the practical and perfect for solid waste collection process monitoring and management for green
environment. We designed a method for managing the waste in an efficient way in order to reduce the improper
utilization of valuable resources like human effort, time and cost. The main element in this project Smart Trash
System consists of a Smart Trash Bin. The transmitted signal is received by a RF receiver in local base station and
that signal is decoded and sends to monitoring cum controlling hut. There the information about the Bin is
displayed and controlling hut will pass the information signal to the Smart Vehicle System. Once it receives the
information signal then it will move to the spot and will collect the waste and send a Trash Bin Full status to the
monitoring and controlling hut. The hut will send back a task done signal to the vehicle.
 CONT..
FPGA Implementation of Solid Waste Bin Monitoring and Collection System

Proposes an integrated system consisting of 4 pair of remote sensor, 2 modules of Global System for Mobile communication
(GSM) and General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) The FPGA module would automatically retrieve all levels of Remote sensors
information from the bin. With the help of modules, mounted with each bin. GPS/GSM would give the location information of
the collection truck. The GPRS communication system will help the center server to update all the information immediately and
automatically. The performance of the proposed system has been implemented in such a way that it is much better than the
existing system in every aspect such as precision, real time and reliability and high speed data transmission. Basically, the project
is focused on the hygienic environment of our surrounding. Solid waste without proper management in the urban area causes
many challenges .Due to improper management; it affects the human health of the particular surrounding. In our proposed
system the sensing unit, consisting of 4sensors which are mounted on the bin, will be automatically updating the status of the bin
continuously. So, we can easily identify the over flowing bin status and also suddenly arrange the truck service for cleaning
through SMS service. We are going to use 4 infrared sensors in our project.IR Sensors use a specific light to detect selected light
wavelength in the Infra- Red (IR) spectrum.. This results in a large jump in the intensity, which can be detected using a threshold.
The sensors give 4 levels of status in the bin FPGA gets all the sensor status of the bin and enables the GPS system. For real time
application, we need very fast and speedy response. So, we are going to use FPGA in our project.
CONT..

Garbage and Street Light Monitoring System Using Internet of Things:

In solid waste bin monitoring system garbage bin set the public place then Camera set
for garbage bin location. The camera captured image for garbage bin. Radio Frequency
Identification (RFID), GPS and GIS send image for work station. The RFID reader and
camera are mounted in the truck, when truck come closer to the bin RFID reader
communicated RFID tag. & send all information. The System are use controlling Hut.
This Controlling Hut are SMS Technology. The GPS and GPRS mapping server to
analyzing data of various location. The control station compiled all the information and
stored in the system database. The bin status and waste truck was monitored.
 CONT..

Waste Bin Monitoring System Using Integrated Technologies:

In waste bin monitoring system using zigbee and Global mobile communication system
(GSM).The sensors are place in the common garbage bins placed at the public place when the
garbage reaches the level of the sensors. Then that indicated will give in indication to the
driver by ARM7 they sending SMS using GSM technology. The technology use by Zigbee,
Global mobile system (GSM), ARM 7 Controller. The range of communication of the zigbee
is almost 50 meter. They use for range GSM Module, analyzing the image we get an idea
about level of garbage. The zigbee and GSM system would be able to monitor the solid waste
collection process. This technique overcome some disadvantages which are use of minimum
route, low cost, fuel use, clean environment.
 EXISTING METHOD

 In the existing system, garbage bins are manually managed and it needs human effort
to check every time.

 Monitoring and management of wastes is one of the primary issues in the cities.

Draw backs of the system:

 It sends message only when bin is filled.

 There is no monitoring is presented.

 Time consuming and less effective

 it purely depends upon only weight

 high costs

 bad smell spreads and may cause illness to human beings

PROPOSED METHOD

So, proposed model talks about how to make use of the recent advancements in
technology to make our place clean and tidy. The main aim of this project is to monitor
garbage bin without man. Here ultrasonic sensor is place in garbage bin if it is full it will
send location and send message through GSM of bin and also soil moisture sensor if it
is dry it will send message through GSM and segregate based on the dust type into
corresponding dustbin. And upload to cloud .And all the data will upload on thingspeak
and it is display on LCD.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
 ADVANTAGES
 It saves time and money by using smart waste collection bins and systems equipped with fill level sensors.
As smart transport vehicles go only to the filled containers or bins. It reduces infrastructure, operating and
maintenance costs by upto 30%.

 It decreases traffic flow and consecutively noise due to less air pollution as result of less waste collection vehicles on
the roads. This has become possible due to two way communication between smart dustbins and service operators.

 It keeps our surroundings clean and green and free from bad odour of wastes, emphasizes on healthy environment
and keep cities more beautiful.

 It further reduces manpower requirements to handle the garbage collection process.

➨Applying smart waste management process to the city optimizes management, resources and costs which makes it
a "smart city".

 It helps administration to generate extra revenue by advertisements on smart devices.

 Monitors the garbage bins and informs about the level of garbage collected in the garbage bins. To keep our
APPLICATIONS

 Useful for society.

 This project can also be used in the” SMART CITY”. This project is also
helpful in the government project of “SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAN”.
 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

ARDUINO UNO

Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board developed by

Arduino.cc which is an open-source electronics platform
mainly based on AVR microcontroller Atmega328.
The current version of Arduino Uno comes with USB
interface, 6 analog input pins, 14 I/O digital ports that are
used to connect with external electronic circuits. Out of 14
I/O ports, 6 pins can be used for PWM output.
POWER SUPPLY:

A power supply is a component that provides at least one electrical charge with power. It typically converts one
type of electrical power to another, but it can also convert a different Energy form in electrical energy, such as
solar, mechanical, or chemical.

A power supply provides electrical power to components. Usually the term refers to devices built into the
powered component. Computer power supplies, for example, convert AC current to DC current and are generally
located along with at least one fan at the back of the computer case.
GSM/GPRS:

GSM GPRS modules are one of the normally utilized

correspondence modules in implanted gadgets. A GSM GPRS
module is utilized to speak with the GSM/GPSR arrange by a
microcontroller (or coordinated circuits). GSM is the Global
Mobile Communication System and GPRS would be the
General Packet Radio Service

A GSM/GPRS module is an IC or chip that utilizes a SIM

(Subscriber Identity Module) and Radio Waves to interface with
the GSM arrange. Basic radio frequencies are 850MHz,
900MHz, 1800MHz and 1900MHz in which a run of the mill
GSM module works.
ULTRASONIC SENSOR:

An ultrasonic sensor transmit ultrasonic waves into the air and

detects reflected waves from an object. There are many
applications for ultrasonic sensors, such as in intrusion alarm
systems, automatic door openers and backup sensors for
automobiles.
SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR:

This soil moisture sensor module is used to detect the moisture

of the soil. It measures the volumetric content of water inside
the soil and gives us the moisture level as output. The module
has both digital and analog outputs and a potentiometer to
adjust the threshold level.
LCD

 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is the innovation utilized in scratch pad shows and other
littler PCs.

 Like innovation for light-producing diode (LED) and gas-plasma, LCDs permit
presentations to be a lot more slender than innovation for cathode beam tube (CRT).

 LCDs expend considerably less power than LED shows and gas shows since they work
as opposed to emanating it on the guideline of blocking light.
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

ARDUINO IDE
Arduino IDE is an open source software that is mainly
used for writing and compiling the code into the Arduino
Module.
It is an official Arduino software, making code
compilation too easy that even a common person with no
prior technical knowledge can get their feet wet with the
learning process.
The IDE environment mainly contains two basic parts:
Editor and Compiler where former is used for writing the
required code and later is used for compiling and
uploading the code into the given Arduino Module.
This environment supports both C and C++ languages.
CONCLUSION

In this project, an integrated system of Wi-Fi modem, IoT, GSM, Ultrasonic Sensor is
introduced for efficient and economic garbage collection. The developed system
provides improved database for garbage collection time and waste amount at each
location. We analysed the solutions currently available for the implementation of IoT.
By implementing this project we will avoid over flowing of garbage from the
container in residential area which is previously either loaded manually or with the
help of loaders in traditional trucks. It can automatically monitor the garbage level &
send the information to collection truck. The technologies which are used in the
proposed system are good enough to ensure the practical and perfect for solid garbage
collection process monitoring and management for green environment
REFERENCES
 Prof. R.M.Sahu, Akshay Godase, Pramod Shinde, Reshma Shinde, “Garbage and Street Light Monitoring System Using Internet of Things”
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS, INSTRUMENTATION AND
CONTROL ENGINEERING, ISSN (Online) 2321 – 2004, Vol. 4, Issue 4, April 2016.

 Kanchan Mahajan, Prof.J.S.Chitode, “Waste Bin Monitoring System Using Integrated Technologies”, International Journal of Innovative
Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 3, Issue 7, July 2014.

 Md. Shafiqul Islam, M.A. Hannan, Maher Arebey , Hasan Basri , “An Overview For Solid Waste Bin Monitoring System”, Journal of
Applied Sciences Research, ISSN 181-544X, vol.5,lssue4, February 2012.

 Twinkle sinha, k.mugesh Kumar, p.saisharan, “SMART DUSTBIN”, International Journal of Industrial Electronics and Electrical
Engineering, ISSN: 2347-6982 Volume-3, Issue-5, May2015.

 Prof. R.M.Sahu, Akshay Godase, Pramod Shinde, Reshma Shinde, “Garbage and Street Light Monitoring System Using Internet of Things”
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS, INSTRUMENTATION AND
CONTROL ENGINEERING, ISSN (Online) 2321 – 2004, Vol. 4, Issue 4, April 2016.

 Kanchan Mahajan, Prof.J.S.Chitode, “Waste Bin Monitoring System Using Integrated Technologies”, International Journal of Innovative
Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 3, Issue 7, July 2014.

 Md. Shafiqul Islam, M.A. Hannan, Maher Arebey , Hasan Basri , “An Overview For Solid Waste Bin Monitoring System”, Journal of
Applied Sciences Research, ISSN 181-544X, vol.5,lssue4, February 2012.