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INDEX
Sr. No. Title Page No.
1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey:
2.1 Need of the project
2.2Specifation.
3 Design Methodology
3.1Block Diagram and Description.
4 Advantages
5 Application
6 Testing
7 Result
8 Project completion plan
9 Conclusion
10 Future Scope
11 References
APPENDIX A: DATA SHEETS
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1. Introduction:
This project is about automatic milk provider machine in which we are
going to develop mobile milk distribution system. In this project we use smart card
for every user which is going to use this machine. Every smart will associated with
account virtual money. To get the milk one has to just swap the card and enter the
amount of milk required. After placing the can machine will provide milk. For this
particular task we are going to use timers i.e. according to flow speed of milk
.hence once timer count will set machine is only limited for only milk distribution
why because according to their densities flow speed for every liquids are different
.hence the title given is milk distribution system.
The cock will provide that much amount of milk and deduct the
charges from the account. The account can be refilled by owner. Thus using this
system it is possible to increase the milk stations and also anyone can get the milk
at any time without engaging milk man on shop .This system is very useful in
those areas where milk is not available in specific duration of time i.e. or early
morning, areas where near by milk stations are not available .In such areas milk get
available by mobile milk provider machine .This system avoids dependency of
people on another person like milkman ,milk is available at our required time in
our required amount.
This system will also useful for those people who are not suitable for
pasteurized milk which is available in the form of readily available packets .It will
give better substitute for milk distribution to milk dairies to avoid use of polythine
bags i.e. use of plastic will reduce to great extent .This will provide hygienic
,environment friendly system for milk distribution which is also convenient
according to time aspects
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LITERATURE SURVEY:
Need of the system:
This project is about mobile milk distribution system and this is the subject related to our day
to day life .In many of our families one person is reserved for the work of milk buying in the
morning or in many of the families milkman comes in the morning but for a single day if
Milkman will not be there then our daily routine will get disturb .Some are the cases where milk
supply is not available due to lack of road facilities or many more reasons etc.
In market pasteurized milk is available in the form of packets .This uses plastic bags
for packaging .If we consider overall effect of these plastic use then we found that we are
creating a huge amount of plastic waste and which causes very harmful effects on environmental
system .Another point is that this packaged pasteurized milk is not suitable for small babies
,pregnant women etc.
Buying milk at milk dairies or at milk depose is too much time consuming process. Milk
is available at those places in specific time duration of the day. It is not possible to all of us that
go to particular space and purchase milk daily. so this is too much inconvenient process
.Another problem is inaccurate measurement .There is major possibility of inaccuracy in the
amount of milk hence customer can not get proper quantity of milk that he paid.
From this it is clear that for simple thing like milk purchasing we faces many problems in
our day to day like time wastage , money loss due to inaccurate measure, we creating a large
amount of plastic waste by using milk e the packets ,some are the places where milk is not
available etc. To overcome all these problem we are going to design mobile milk distribution
system.
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How we are going to design this system ?
In this system we use the idea of automatic milk provider machine uses unique smart card for
every user. i.e. .there is time saving for user. No problem of change money.
Customers having their own bottles hence no plastic use .we are implementing this system in
mobile van so we can provide service in our area of interest or in required area. This unit is small
hence not much larger vehicle is required. In this system we are going to use solenoid valve
whose working is controlled by setting timer of proper time .so accuracy will maintain definitely.
Keypad is given for input i.e. to enter the amount of milk required. And that much amount of
rupees will deduce from card and time for valve opening will set automatically.
By considering all aspects this system is better option for milk distribution for milk
dairies .no authorized dealer is required for milk dairies .simple driver is sufficient to drive the
system .no much record maintenance is required for dairies .person who is operating this system
not required mathematical skills etc.
For display the information we will use LCD display i.e. 16*2.for level indication for the milk
we will use the GSM module i.e. system generate the message and it send to the owner mobile .
So in this we owner also get message on his mobile. In this way we will design the milk
distribution system Small and movable unit
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3. Design Methodology:-
3.1 Block Diagram :-
Card Holder
BUZZER
Relay
Driver
Relay
Pump/Valve
Microcontroller
Atmega328
DISPLAY
Crystal
Power Supply
Keypad
MAX 232 GSM Modem
Power on
Reset Circuit
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Description of blocks:-
Power supply:-
In our project required 5v and 12v power supply. For micro-controller required 5vand Relay
drive circuit required 12v supply.
Micro-controller ATmega328 :-
AT mega 328 controller used in our project.. According to the code the control action takes
place. And controller output is given to relay drive circuit. At mega 328 has many input and
output devices are connected such as , buzzer, keyboard ,GSM Modem . All this controller by
AT mega 328 by using Embedded C programming.
High Performance, Low Power AtmelAVR 32-Bit Microcontroller Family
Advanced RISC Architecture
131 Powerful Instructions Most Single Clock Cycle Execution
2 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers
Fully Static Operation
Up to 20 MIPS Throughput at 20MHz
Display:-
Display of two lines, 16 characters per line. Two internal byte-wide registers, Commands
Display (RS=0) Characters Display (RS=1). R/W:R/W=1 :READ OPERATION R/W=0
: Write operation. Bit 7 is used for busy check. E :Enable pin
Relay Drive Circuit:-
This relay drive circuit is used for to control the valve of machine. These valves are
direct acting. Hence when coil is energized spring loaded diaphragm is lifted. To ensure
long trouble free life, armature is isolated and remains dry in fact no metal part comes in
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contact with liquid. Dispensing valves are used as two way normally closed valve and are
designed to be used vertical position, however may be used horizontally
Smart card:-
In the smart card 24C08 EEPROM is used . This store costumer information in it.
It requires 1.8 to 6.0Volt Operation. Low Power CMOS Technology. 1,000,000
Program/Erase Cycles. Smart Card is a small plastic intelligent token embedded with an
IC chip that makes it SMART "Replacement of bar codes and magnetic strips .They
have larger storage capacity Processing power is more
Keyboard:- We are using 5x5 matrix keyboard to entering the data.
GSM:- The SIM900 is a complete Quad-band GSM/GPRS solution in a
SMT module which can be embedded in the customer applications.
Featuring an industry-standard interface, the SIM900 delivers
GSM/GPRS 850/900/1800/1900MHz performance for voice, SMS,
Data, and Fax in a small form factor and with low power
Consumption. With a tiny configuration of 24mm x 24mm x 3 mm,
SIM900 can fit almost all the space requirements in your M2M
Application, especially for slim and compact demand of design.
SIM900 is designed with a very powerful single-chip processor integrating
AMR926EJ-S core
o Quad - band GSM/GPRS module with a size of 24mmx24mmx3mm
o SMT type suit for customer application
o An embedded Powerful TCP/IP protocol stack
o Based upon mature and field-proven platform, backed up by our support
service, from definition to design and production
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4. Advantages:-
1. Accurate amount of milk will be provided.
2. No need of milkman.
3. Movable unit.
4. Account for each user provides good DAS.
5. User friendly.
6. Milk cost can be reduced by avoiding middle agents.
7. Avoid use of plastic bags
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5. Applications:-
This system is use in cities and villages also .this is easy system like ATM machine that anyone
can use it. Due to this no any data maintain by human all data is maintain by system .this
machine will also use in any other liquid for distribution.
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6. Testing:-
Diode :- Diode has two terminals Anode (+) and Cathode (-). Terminals can be identified by
the shaded portion at the end of the diode. Terminal near the shaded portion is Cathode (-) and
other one is anode (+).Diode can be tested with the help of Diode function of the multimeter.
Connect the leads in forward biasing i.e. Positive to the Anode and Negative to the Cathode
Connections should be tight and neat. After connecting note down the reading. The multimeter
will show the forward voltage drop between the two testing leads.
Zener Diodes:- Zener diodes exhibit similar faults to other diodes, but in addition may
become "noisy". They do not make a noise but the normally very stable voltage across them
suffers from very rapid fluctuations similar to the spiky waveform you would see on an
oscilloscope when looking at an audio signal that was just a constant hiss, (also called noise
since it is sometimes present as "background noise"). As Zener diodes are often used to stabilize
power supply lines, this "noise" can give rise to strange faults, depending on what is being
supplied by the power supply in question. The moral is - If a circuit is behaving strangely, and
noise on the power supply is suspected, check any Zener diode stabilizing that line by
substituting it with a known good diode. All Zener diodes have a defined voltage, and if the
voltage measured across them under working conditions, is not what is printed in the circuit
manual (or on the diode if you can see the markings), then the diode is faulty, (probably open
circuit) and must be changed.
Testing the transistor:
Step 1: (Base to Emitter)
Hook the positive lead from the multimeter to the to the BASE (B) of the transistor. Hook the
negative meter lead to the EMITTER (E) of the transistor. For an good NPN transistor, the
meter should show a voltage drop between 0.45V and 0.9V. If you are testing PNP transistor,
you should see OL (Over Limit).
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Step 2: (Base to Collector)
Keep the positive lead on the BASE (B) and place the negative lead to the COLLECTOR (C).
For an good NPN transistor, the meter should show a voltage drop between 0.45V and 0.9V. If
you are testing PNP transistor, you should see OL (Over Limit).
Step 3: (Emitter to Base)
Hook the positive lead from the multimeter to the to the EMITTER (E) of the transistor. Hook
the negative meter lead to the BASE (B) of the transistor.
For an good NPN transistor, you should see OL (Over Limit).If you are testing PNP transistor,
the meter should show a voltage drop between 0.45V and 0.9V.
Step 4: (Collector to Base)
Hook the positive lead from the multimeter to the to the COLLECTOR (C) of the transistor.
Hook the negative meter lead to the BASE (B) of the transistor.
For an good NPN transistor, you should see OL (Over Limit).If you are testing PNP transistor,
the meter should show a voltage drop between 0.45V and 0.9V.
Step 5: (Collector to Emitter)
Hook the positive meter lead to the COLLECTOR (C) and the negative meter lead to
the EMITTER (E) - A good NPN or PNP transistor will readOL/Over Limit on the meter.
Swap the leads (Positive to Emitter and Negative to Collector) Once again, a good NPN or
PNP transistor should read OL.
Liquid Cristal Display:-Intelligent display of two lines, 16 characters per line. Two internal
byte-wide registers, Commands Display (RS=0) Characters Display (RS=1). R/W:R/W=1
:READ OPERATION R/W=0 : WRITE OPERATION
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LCD bit 7 is used for busy check. E :Enable pin.
Solenoid valve working : The media controlled by the solenoid valve enters the
valve through the inlet port . The media must flow through the orifice before continuing
into the outlet port. The orifice is closed and opened by the plunger .
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8. Result:
Simulation for interfacing of LCD display and key pad with microcontroller ATmega328 by
using Proteus software is done. For calculating of milk the timer is used and according to the
timer displacement valve is controlled.
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9. Project completion plan:-
Month Schedule Project Task
July
1
st
week Approaching a company.
2
nd
week Visited company and
successfully clear the interview
3
rd
week
Discussing with Guide.
4
th
week
ProblemDefinition:
Detailed problem definition of
system to be implemented.
August
1
st
week
Literature Survey:-
1. Visited many places to
know about problem .
2. Visiting different websites.
3. Going through journals
and magazines.
4. Study the reference book.
2
nd
week
Project plan:
Preparing for complete plan.
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3
rd
week
Requirement analysis:
1. Hardware analysis.
2. Software analysis.
4
th
week Synopsis preparation.
September 1
st
week Detail study of C language.
2
nd
week Software design:
1. Learning lab center
Proteus 7.6 SP0.
2. Writing programs for
various controlling factors.
3
rd
week
Simulate the various interfacing
with the proteus7.6SP0.
4
th
week Completion of program and
testing of software part.
October
1
rd
week Project report submission.
2
nd
week
Project presentation for internal
guide.
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December
2
nd
week Detail study of various component
3
rd
week
Hardware Design:
1. Study of PCB designing and
layout.
2. Implementation of PCB design
by using portal software.
4
th
week Study of PCB working under
guidance.
January
2
nd
week Study of our system with another
system.
3
rd
week Testing
Testing of the system.
4
th
week Changes in the system after testing if
required.
February 3
rd
week Final testing.
4
th
week Result.
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March
1
st
week System Development
1. Delivery report.
2. Support.
2
nd
week Searching more information
on website.
3
rd
week Final document preparation
& submission.
1. Preparing final project
report.
2. Getting feedback from
guide and submitting
final report.
4
th
week
1. Presenting final PPT
for project.
2. Internal presentation
of final PPT.
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10. Conclusion:-
For this project the microcontroller ATmega 328 is selected . It has 32K bytes of In-System
Self-Programmable Flash program memory. GSM 900module also can be used for
communication of system and owner.
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10. Future scope:-
1. Can refill account by using internet banking at customer level.
2. Instead of using RF-ID card we can use ATM cards also.
3. Can provide milk cooling system to increase the life of unprocessed milk.
4. Multiple liquids can be provided by allocating different storage for each.
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11. REFERENCES:
Books:-
Atmel AVR Microcontroller Primer :Programming and interface by Steven F
.Barrett, Daniel Pack
Flow Measurement by Bela Liptak.
Industrial Pressure , Level and Density Measurement , by Donald R. Gillum
Electronic Control System in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering 4
th
edition by
W. Bolton.
Websites:-
www.ijser.org.
www.electronicshub.com
www.solio.com.
www.DNAtechindia.com.
Magazines:-
Electronics for you
Electronics express