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SLK-Science-SHS-Vectors-Elgeene Dizon PDF
SLK-Science-SHS-Vectors-Elgeene Dizon PDF
PE
PRO
ALE
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ME R
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FO
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GO T
NO DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION REGION III
Matalino St., D. M. Government Center, Maimpis
City of San Fernando (P)
LEARNER'S MATERIALS ON
VECTORS
This Self Learning Kit (SLK) contains information and suggested learning
activities on Vectors and Scalar quantities. Primarily, this SLK will focus on discussing
the components of vectors, addition of vectors and units of vectors.
Symbols or diagrams are graphic designs that explain rather than represent
written language which are used in everyday communication. Sometimes it is better
to use a symbol or diagram to give a mental picture of what you are talking about. In
the modern world of technology, new symbols are used for communication. We have
to know and understand these new concepts and symbols to cope up in this fast-
changing world. In this SLK you will learn how to use symbols called vectors. Vectors
and scalars are used to represent quantities like displacement, velocity and force.
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VECTORS
LEARNING COMPETENCIES
1. Differentiate Vectors and Scalar Quantities.
2. Perform addition of vectors.
3. Rewrite a vector in component form.
4. Calculate directions and magnitudes of vectors.
3
PRE-TEST
Read each question and encircle the letter of the best
answer.
2. Speed is a ________.
a. distance c. scalar
b. resultant quantity d. vector
4. Velocity is a _______.
a. displacement c. scalar
b. resultant quantity d. vector
b. d.
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WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW
Vector examples:
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These are some examples of Scalar quantities, Mass, Time, and Distance.
Scalar examples:
What have you observed about the examples? What do you think
is the difference between a vector and a scalar quantity?
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Remember: Vectors are represented by arrows and has three important parts.
Gio went to Mario to get his book. The distance he travelled is two blocks. While
his displacement is two blocks East, Gio’s origin to his destination with DIRECTION
shows DISPLACEMENT VECTOR. Arrow AB represents Gio’s displacement from his
house to Mario’s house.
In a straight path, Displacement and Distance are equal in magnitude. The only
difference is that displacement represents the direction of the movement therefore
it is a VECTOR. While Distance shows the magnitude of his travel therefore, it is a
SCALAR.
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SPECULATE THIS FIGURE
What did you observe? The arrow points are not in a straight path. Then
displacement AC is not the same as the distance AB + BC.
The length of the arrow drawn is proportional to the magnitude of the vector and
it is done by using an appropriate scale.
Remember! If the object returns back to its original point then it is not displaced.
The displacement is 0.
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Study the examples:
5 cm d = 5 km
W E
YOUR TURN!
Direction: Read the sentence below then, illustrate it inside the box by
means of a Vector diagram.
GOOD JOB!!!
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Resultant Vector
In terms of Scalars, we can always add them like ordinary numbers as long as
their unit of measurements are the same.
But adding Vectors depends on their direction. The sum of two or more vectors
is represented by a single vector called the RESULTANT VECTOR. The length of this
vector can be answered using graphical or component method.
Example: James walked 5 km, North. He got tired. To buy water he needed to
walk 3km more going Southeast at an angle of 380 . After drinking, he decided to walk
again 4 km, Southwest at an angle of 250. Find the resultant vector of James.
Given: d1 = 5 km North
d2 = 3 km Southeast, 38 degrees
d3 = 4 km Southwest, 25 degrees
Scale = 1cm = 1km
y
3 cm, 38 degrees SE
d2
5 cm, N
d1
d3 4 cm, 25 degrees SW
R
-x x
-y
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YOUR TURN!
Scale: 1m = 2cm
EXCELLENT!!!
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Component Method
In getting the Resultant vector accurately, we use the component method of all
the axes in the coordinates. In this method you have to identify the components of the
x and y axes.
Example: A boat travelled a distance of 10 km, South and moves 5 km, West in a 300
angle. It went up again for 6 km, Northwest in a 280 angle.
(Scale 1cm= 1km)
-x x
d3 d1
d2
-y
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Finding components of d2:
It lies in the -x and y component
d2y= sin 30 (5 cm)
d2y = 2.5cm
d2x = cos 30 (5 cm)
d2x = -4.3 cm
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POST-TEST
ACTIVITY 1
Choose and encircle the best answer of your choice.
b. d.
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POST-TEST
ACTIVITY 2
WHAT DID I LEARN
MICHELLE A. MEJICA
OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
RUBY T. SANTOS
Layout Artist/ Illustrator
ELGEENE E. DIZON
Writer
LIBRADA M. RUBIO
Science, Education Program Supervisor
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Vectors and Scalars are important to learn and understand. Vectors are quantities
with magnitute and direction, while scalars only have magnitude. Displacement,
velocities adn acceleration are examples of physical quantities. Arrows are used to
represent a vector in a diagram.