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Presentation Overview
Safety Moment
SOL Definitions
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Introduction
Concept of defining safe operating limits is not new . . . . .
OSHA clean Air Act Amendment, 1990 (Pre PSM)
o 6.Develop and implement written operating
procedures for the chemical processes,
including procedures for each operating
phase, operating limitations, and safety
and health considerations
UK HSE: Pipeline Safety regs, 1996
o PSR Regulation 11 states the pipeline
operator shall ensure that no fluid is
conveyed in a pipeline unless the SOLs of Becoming
the pipeline have been established and this
that a pipeline is not operated beyond its
SOLs.
o Schedule 5 of PSR specifies as a notifiable
event, changes in the SOLs Stop this
Intent of SOL ?
API754: PS Indicator pyramid
API RP 754 uses a 4 tier reporting system where Tier 1 & 2 process safety
events are Loss of Primary Containment (LoPC) events providing ‘lagging’
metrics. The reporting of these metrics is currently shared across the
industry.
Reporting SOL and SDL excursion events (Tier 3 events) are an indication,
of the performance of the layers of protection, before an incident escalates
to a possible LOPC event. Hence a ‘leading’ indicator.
Definition - CCPS
https://www.aiche.org/ccps/resources/glossary/process-safety-glossary/safe-operating-limits
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Envelope
SOL (Safe Operating Limit) is the high (or low) shooting
zone
value of an operating parameter that defines the
DesIgn
◦ SOLs should be set such that a trip set within Envelope
the safe operating envelope will trigger an Lower normal
operating limit
immediate, pre-determined action Trouble
shooting
Safe
zone
SDL (Safe Design Limit) is the high or low value Lower safe
operating limit
of a parameter that if exceeded, may Buffer
zone
compromise equipment integrity. For example, Lower safe
design limit
Design margin /
the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure of a known unsafe /
uncertain
vessel is the upper Safe Design Limit.
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SOL Example
Upper
NOL &
Alarm
Lower
NOL &
Alarm
Lower
SOL &
Trip
BP KOC template 8
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HC: Fire or
explosion
Mechanical Harm to
Impact people
LOPC of
Exceeding flammable
Asset
SOL fluid damage
Environment
Corrosion / impact
Erosion
A B C D E F
V 2 - 9 Fatalities
Severity
IV Single Fatality
III
II
Low
I
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Parameter identification
Using Bow Ties and HAZOP report it should be possible to develop
guidance for key parameters
troubleshooting
time
Alarm: LAH Trip: LSHH
Blocked outlet
e.g. ESDV FC
Time
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Develop a philosophy
Determine / verify PS time and trip settings i.e. safe operating limit(s)
Determine / verify alarm settings and operator response time i.e. normal
operating limit
Make recommendations
Summarise results
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Safe
Alarm & trip
operating
register
Procedures
Safe
Operating
Limits
Management
SCE
of Change
Performance
Standards
HAZOP &
LOPA study
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