Solutions for Homework 3

HU Wei
October 4, 2018

Solution 1.
|a| = |a − b + b| ≤ |a − b| + |b| =⇒ |a| − |b| ≤ |a − b|
Similarly,
|b| − |a| ≤ |a − b|,
together, we have,
||a| − |b|| ≤ |a − b|.
Solution 2. 1.
|x − 3| ≤ 6 ⇐⇒ −6 ≤ x − 3 ≤ 6 ⇐⇒ −3 ≤ x ≤ 9

2.
11
|3x − 7| ≥ 4 ⇐⇒ 3x − 7 ≥ 4 or 3x − 7 ≤ −4 ⇐⇒ x ≥ or x ≤ 1
3
3.
1 1 1 π π
| sin x| ≤⇐⇒ − ≤ sin x ≤ ⇐⇒ − + kπ ≤ x ≤ + kπ, k ∈ Z
2 2 2 6 6
Solution 3. Since (an ), (bn ) are Cauchy sequences, for any r > 0, there are N1 , N2 ∈ N such
that |an − am | ≤ r/2 for any n, m > N1 and |bn − bm | ≤ r/2 for any n, m > N2 . Then for
n, m > N = max{N1 , N2 }, we have,
|an + bn − (am + bm )| ≤ |an − am | + |bn − bm | ≤ r/2 + r/2 = r.
Solution 4.
1 1 1 1 m2 − n2 m − n (m + n)(m − n) m − n
|an − am | = | 2
+ − 2
− | = | 2 2
+ |=| + |
n n m m nm nm n2 m2 nm

(m + n)(m − n) m − n (m + n)(m − n) m−n m+nm−n m−n

| 2 2
+ |≤| 2 2
|+| |≤| |+| |
nm nm nm nm nm mn nm
m+n m−n 1 1 m−n
=( + 1)| |=( + + 1)| |
nm nm n m nm
1 1 1 1
≤( + + 1)( + )
n m n m
1 1
≤ 3( + )
n m
For any r > 0 we may take N = [6/r].

1
 1 1 1
Solution 5. an → 100
=⇒ there is N > 0 such that |an − 100
| < 200
if n > N . Note that

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
|an − |< =⇒ an − >− =⇒ an > − = .
100 200 100 200 100 200 200
Solution 6. No. For any N > 0, there are n, m > N where n is even and m is odd,
therefore, |an − am | = |1 − (−1)| = 2.