Head Loss Consideration In Ducts As Per Services
Residences
Commercial
Industrial
Aspect Ratio
Aspect Ratio
Method Generally Used
Velocity(Fpm)
Main Duct Velocity
Branch Duct Velocity
Collar/Dropper Velocity
Plenum Box Velocity
In Equal Friction Method
In Equal Friction Method
In Velocity Reduction Method
In Velocity Reduction Method
In Velocity Reduction Method
In Velocity Reduction Method
In Velocity Reduction Method
In Ducting
0.04' to 0.07' WG / 100 Ft Of Equivalent Length
0.07' to 0.1' WG / 100 Ft Of Equivalent Length
0.1' to 0.16' WG / 100 Ft Of Equivalent Length
Duct Width/Duct Height
1 to 4 For Duct Sizing
Velocity Reduction Method
Volume Flow Rate (Cfm) / Area(SqFt)
AHU - 2000 CFM
1200 - 1500 FPM
750 - 900 FPM
300 - 500 FPM
500 FPM
Same Frictional Loss In Entire Ducing Network
0.08' WG / 100 Ft Equivalent Length
Velocity(FPM) = Volume(CFM)/Area(SQFT)
Main Duct Velocity = 1200 to 1500 FPM
Branch Duct Velocity = 750 to 900 FPM The Velocity & Size Of D
Collar/Dropper Velocity = 300 to 500 FPM
Sl No Duct
Plenum Box Velocity = 500 FPM
Return Duct Velocity Shall Be Less Than Supply Duct
Velocity 1 A-B
2 B-C
3 B-D
4 D-E
5 D-G
 DIFFUSER - 500 CFM

500 CFM
2000 CFM
AHU - 2000 CFM
A B

Equal Friction Method

The Velocity & Size Of Duct Is Determined Mainly On The Basis Of 2 Factors Which Are Flow And Pressure Drop (ASHRAE Chart
PD(Inch Of Water / 100 Ft Of Rectangular Duct Size
Flow(CFM) Velocity(FPM) Round Duct Dia(Inch)
Equivalent Length) Width(Inch)

2000 0.1 1200 18 17

500 0.1 800 11 10

1500 0.1 1100 16 18
800 0.1 900 13 14
700 0.1 900 12 12
 1500 CFM 700 CFM
D F
700 CFM
800 CFM
E G

DIFFUSER - 800 CFM DIFFUSER - 700 CFM

And Pressure Drop (ASHRAE Chart Used)

Rectangular Duct Size
Aspect Ratio(1 -4)
Height(Inch)

16 1.0625

10 1
12 1.5
10 1.4
10 1.2