DENTAL DECKS - Prostho (RPD)

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1. Length of the clasp The flexibility of a retentive clasp arm depends on:
Thickness of clasp
Width
Cross sectional form (Round form is flexible in all direction, a
half round is not )
Taper of the CLasp
Clasp Material
2. Wrought wire What's more flexible, Wrought wire or cast metal?
3. Occlusigingival length Factors which are relevant to the selection of posterior teeth for
- Available interarch space a removable partial
denture:
Mesiodistal width
- measuring from the distal of the
lower canine to the point where
the mandibular residual ridge
begins to slope upward

Buccolingual width
- this is narrowed in relation to
the missing natural tooth

Shade
- harmonizes with the anteriors

Occlusal surface form

Material
- plastic bonds better with acrylic
resin than porcelain
4. Tripod marks ensure reproducible orientation of the cast to the surveyor.
5. Dental Surveyor instrument used to
determine the relative parallelism of oral anatomy
6. • Path of insertion Tilting of the cast during surveying changes the:
• Position of the survey line
• Location of the undercut and non-undercut areas of each tooth
7. vertical The primary purpose of the rest is to provide _______ support for
the RPD.
8. • It maintains established occlusal relationships by preventing Function of occlusal rests
settling of the denture
• Prevents impingement of soft tissues
• Directs and distributes occlusal loads (through the long axis) to
abutment teeth
9. "rounded" triangular shape Form of the occlusal rest and rest seats:

long as it is wide and the base of the triangular shape should

be at least 2.5 mm for both molars and premolars

a reduction of the marginal ridge of about 1.5 mm is usually

necessary

floor of the occlusal rest should be apical to the marginal

ridge and be concave or spoon shaped

angle formed by the occlusal rest and the vertical minor

connector from which it originates should be less than 90°
10. 1. Have a flexible connection between the direct retainer Types of Stressbreakers:
and the denture base:
• Simplest form of stress relief is
the wrought-wire retentive clasp
• Split bar major connectors;
example is the Ticonium
"Hidden-Lock" design

2. Have a movable joint between the direct retainer and the

denture base:
• The "DE" hinge
• The Dalbo attachment
• The Crismani attachment
• The ASC-52 attachment
11. distobuccal flange of the denture too thick Cause of complaints on denture becoming loose when the mouth is
wide opened (as in yawning-
This may interfere with the movement of the coronoid
process
12. opposing teeth of the denture have Cause when patient complains of sore gums and aching muscles at
insufficient space the bottom of the face after wearing dentures for several hours
13. excessive pressure from the Cause of Tingling or a numbing sensation at the corner of the
lower buccal flange in the region of the mental foramen mouth or in the lower lip
after a few days of denture wearing
14. Altered cast technique a secondary impression system which utilizes the metal
framework to hold customized impression trays for the edentulous
area
15. retentive clasp arm Composition of a clasp assembly

reciprocal or stabilizing clasp arm

any minor connectors and rests from which they originate

16. reciprocation functions of the reciprocal clasp arm

stabilization

auxiliary indirect retention (bracing)

17. Stability In dentures, this is the relationship of the denture base to bone that resists
dislodgement of the denture in a horizontal direction.
18. harmonious occlusion In removable partial dentures stability is best insured by incorporating a
____________________ __________
19. Retention quality in a restoration, which resists the force of gravity, sticky foods
and forces associated with mandibular movement
20. distal parts of the retentive clasps Part of the RPD that produce active retention
21. Reciprocation the means by which one part of a restoration is made to counter the effects
created by another part
22. reciprocating element must touch the tooth before How can you achieve true reciprocation in RPD?
the retentive clasp
23. occlusal rests and the edentulous ridge areas What give support in partial dentures?
24. Support Design characteristic most important to oral health
25. Mesial rest Components of the RPI system
Proximal plate
I Bar
26. ... The I bar
27. 2.5 mm I bar
_____ mm from gingival margin, crosses at right angles in
.01" a ______ undercut at the
greatest M-D prominence to permit it to disengage during function
28. • To provide for one path of placement and removal Functions of a guiding place
of the denture

• To ensure the intended actions of reciprocal,

stabilizing, and retentive components

• To eliminate gross food traps between abutment

teeth and components of the denture
29. Cingulum rest a vertical stop on an anterior tooth whose lingual anatomy lends itself
to ready preparation for a positive seat
30. 2.5 to 3 mm Mesiodistal length of cingulum rest
31. 2.mm Labiolingual width of cingulum rest
32. 1.5 mm Incisoapical depth of cingulum rest
33. ... I bar
_____ 2.5 mmmm from gingival margin, crosses at right angles in
a ______ undercut at the
greatest M-D prominence to permit it to disengage during function
34. 1.5 mm Depth of incisal rest
35. Vertical support primary purpose of the rest
36. canine Where do you usually find in indirect retention?
premolar
37. Indirect retention the component of an RPD that assists the direct retainers (clasps)
in preventing displacement of a distal extension base by functioning through lever action
on the opposite side of the fulcrum line when the denture base rotates away from
the tissues around the fulcrum line.
38. Indirect retention an anti-rotational device fabricated by a rest/connector combination and placed as
far forward from the embrasure clasp as possible
39. Indirect retainer serves as a 3rd reference for seating of the framework and making altered cast impressions
40. 25% The strength, hardness, and tensile strength of wrought wire is approximately _____ greater than the cast
alloy from which it was fabricated
41. Recrystallization or grain a most undesirable occurrence in wrought-wire retainer arms.
growth
42. Anterior crowding A contraindication of linguoplate
43. Linguoplate lingual bar that has been extended upward to cover the cingula and interproximal
spaces between mandibular anterior teeth.
44. more than 6% Elongation percentage of wrought wire
45. 0.8 Tapering a wrought wire clasp to _____ mm at the tip before contouring
allows for more uniform stress distribution throughout the clasp, making it more
serviceable and efficient
46. Elongation most important mechanical property involved
when a clasp is adjusted
47. half Gold clasps offer _____ the retention of chrome cobalt clasps
while engaging identical undercuts
48. • Type I: Mucosa borne Craddock classification
• Type II: Tooth-bome
• Type III: Mucosa and
tooth-bome
49. Tooth-bprne removable partial dentures (Class III and Class IV) depend entirely on abutment teeth
for support
50. Rule 1: the classification should follow, not Applegates rules governing the application of the Kennedy classification system:
precede extractions.

• Rule 2: if a 3rd molar is missing and not to be

replaced, it's not considered in the
classification.

• Rule 3: if a 3rd molar is present and not to be

used as an abutment, it's not considered in the
classification.

• Rule 4: if a 2nd molar is missing and not to be

replaced, it's not considered in the
classification.

• Rule 5: the most posterior area always

determines the classification.

• Rule 6: edentulous areas other then those

determining the classification are referred to as
modifications
and are designated by their numbers.

• Rule 7: the extent of the modification is not

considered, only the number of additional
edentulous
areas.

• Rule 8: there are no modification areas in

Kennedy Class IV arches.
51. Cast metal any metal that is melted and cast into a mold
52. ... serves as a 3rd reference for seating of the framework and making altered cast
impressions
53. 1) It is more esthetic Two advantages of a cingulum rest over an incisal rest

2) The resulting stress relayed to the abutment

has a less torquing influence.
54. 2.5 mm Width of incisal rest
55. Guiding planes defined as two or more parallel, vertical surfaces of
abutment teeth, so shaped to direct a prosthesis during placement and removal
56. • above the height of contour Where do suprabulge retainers (clasp) originate?
57. suprabulge retainers Clasps that originate from above the survey line, usually from an occlusal rest,
and angle downward across the clinical crown until the tip is located in a
prescribed amount of undercut
58. Circumferential clasp: Examples of suprabulge retainers:

Ring clasp:

Embrasure clasp:

Reverse-action clasp or hairpin clasp

Extended arm clasp:

Half and half clasp:

59. Circumferential composed of a buccal and lingual arm originating from a
common body. Usually
one arm is retentive while the other functions in bracing
60. Ring clasp encircles nearly all of a tooth in order to engage-an
undercut located on the same side of the
tooth as the rest
61. Embrassure clasp used when no edentulous space exists at the clasp
assemblysite
62. Reverse action clasp may be used to engage an undercut located on the same
side of
the abutment as the rest.
63. Extended arm clasp a circumferential clasp which extends to neighboring teeth
in order to provide
increased splinting and to engage a more favorably located
undercut
64. Half and half clasp consists of one circumferential clasp emanating from the
rest area and another arm
from the minor connector on the opposite side.
65. 1. Proximal plate and I bar move away from the tooth during Advantages of the R.P.I.:
function to reduce torque.

2. Mesial minor connector and proximal plate provide reciprocation

and eliminate need for a lingual arm.

3.1 bar more esthetic.

4. Minimal contact alters contour less, advantageous on caries

prone individual.

5. Mesial rest eliminates Class I lever.

66. • Too flexible for effective bracing disadvantages of infrabulge retainers:

• Can be esthetically objectionable in patients with a high lip line

• Where there are not enough guideplanes to positively establish

the path of insertion,
67. Infrabulge clasps that originate from below the survey line
68. Gold alloys approximately twice as flexible as the chromium-cobalt alloys
69. including wroughtwire How to overcome the stiffness of chrome-cobalt alloys?
retentive elements
70. Chromium Composition of chromium alloys for partial dentures
Cobalt
Nickel
Minor Constituents
71. Chromium Composition of chromium alloys that ensures that the alloy will resist tarnish and
corrosion (due to formation of a
complex chromium oxide film)
72. CObalt Composition of chromium alloys that contributes strength, rigidness and hardness
73. Cobalt Composition of chromium alloys that increases ductility
74. Cold-working Possible causes of fracture of chromium-cobalt partials
Shrinkage porosity
Lowpercent elongation
Excessive carbon in the alloy
75. (1) The presence of undercuts Surveying will identify three principal factors

(2) The contour of the undercuts

relative to the gingival margin

(3) The depth of the undercuts

76. Extracoronal retainers the most common type of direct retainer that is used for removable partial
dentures
77. 1. Support - against vertical forces Requirements of a properly designed clasp:
2. Bracing - against horizontal forces
3. Retention - resist forces in a
occlusal direction
4. Encirclement - of more than half it's
circumference
5. Reciprocity - equal and opposite
forces by clasp arms
6. Passivity - at rest when seated
78. 6-8 mm wide When designing an anterior-posterior palatal bar maxillary major connector, the anterior,
posterior, and lateral straps should be about:
79. • 7 mm A mandibular lingual bar major connector requires a minimum of ____ mm of vertical height
between the gingival margin and the floor of the mouth
80. Palatal plate Common Major Maxillary Connectors
Single palatal strap
Anterior-posterior palatal straps
Single palatal bar
Horseshoe design
81. Palatal plate Common Major Maxillary Connector

a thin, broad connector that is indicated when all posterior teeth are missing bilaterally
82. Single palatal strap Common Major Maxillary Connector

indicated in tooth-borne RPDs (Kennedy Class III) with bilateral, short span
edentulous areas
83. Anterior poterior palatal straps Common Major Maxillary Connector

indicated in tooth-borne RPDs (Kennedy Class III) with bilateral, short span
edentulous areas
84. Single palatal bar Common Major Maxillary Connector

objectionable because they lack rigidity. Their use is limited to tooth-bome

restorations for bilateral short span edentulous areas
85. Horseshoe design Common Major Maxillary Connector

the least rigid maxillary connector; should only be used when a large,
inoperable palatal torus prevents the use of other designs.
86. Linguoplate Common Major Mandibular Connectors

Lingual bar

Labial bar
87. Linguoplate Common Major Mandibular Connector

used when the depth of the lingual vestibule is less than 7 mm; when lingual tori
are present and when all posterior teeth are to be replaced bilaterally
88. Lingual bar Common Major Mandibular Connector

requires a minimum of 7 mm of vertical height between the gingival margin and

the floor of the mouth.
89. Labial bar Common Major Mandibular Connector

can be used satisfactorily when large mandibular tori interfere

with conventional lingual bar placement or when lower teeth are severely
lingually tipped
90. 3mm Common Major Mandibular Connector
4mm
Lingual bar
____ mm below gingival margins
____ mm vertical height
91. proper coverage over the residual ridge most important factor in determining the success of distal extension removable
partial
dentures
92. They should be free of movable tissues Major connectors should be designed and located with the following guidelines:

• Relief should be provided

• They should not impinge on gingival tissues

• Bony and soft tissue prominences should be

avoided during placement and removal
93. Minor connectors the connecting link (or tang) between the major connector
or base of the partial denture and other units of the prosthesis, such as clasps, indirect retainers
and occlusal rests