EXERCISE 2: MOLECULAR AND ELECTRON PAIR GEOMETRY | PREPARED BY: AKBGarcia

EXERCISE 2: MOLECULAR AND ELECTRON PAIR GEOMETRY | PREPARED BY: AKBGarcia

MOLECULAR GEOMETRY -if the compound is an anion, add the charge to

the total number of electrons
-three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule
- if the compound is a cation, subtract the charge
-affects its physical and chemical properties, such as to the total number of electrons
melting point, 2. Write the skeleton structure of the molecule
-2 valence electrons are used for each bond
boiling point, density, and the types of reactions it 3. Distribute the other electrons (as non-bonding
undergoes electrons) to the substituents to satisfy octet rule
-geometry of the molecule can be predicted using the 4. If there are remaining electrons to be distributed,
Lewis structure of the molecule these electrons are placed in the central atoms as
lone pairs
-The valence shell is the outermost electron occupied shell 5. Check the formal charges of each atom.
of an atom; it holds the electrons that are usually involved 6. Write the resonance structure of the molecule (if
in bonding. possible)
VALENCE-SHELL ELECTRON-PAIR REPULSION (VSEPR) ELECTRONEGATIVITY TREND
MODEL
Electronegativity- measure of the tendency of an atom
-it accounts for the geometric arrangements of electron to attract a bonding pair of electrons
pairs around a central atom in terms of the electrostatic
repulsion between electron pairs -decreasing from top to bottom

Lone pair-lone pair interaction > lone pair-bonding pair -increasing from left to right
interaction >bonding pair-bonding pair interaction -Exception: noble gases
Dipole moments - shift of electron density to a more FORMAL CHARGE
electronegative atom. Charge separation can be shown as:
-charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, assuming
that electrons in all chemical bonds are shared equally
between atoms, regardless of relative
electronegativity
Guidelines in writing Lewis structure:

1. Determine the total number of valence electrons

of the compound
EXERCISE 2: MOLECULAR AND ELECTRON PAIR GEOMETRY | PREPARED BY: AKBGarcia