KD5: Final Feasibility Consultancy Services for Preparation of Feasibility Report for Construction of Bridges including

Report including Schedules Approaches on Tamu – Kyigone – Kalewa Road Section from km 0.00 to km 149.70 in Myanmar

Whenever IRC codes are silent, relevant BIS codes will be followed. In case where even BIS
codes are silent, other suitable international codes of practices like BS: 5400, AASHTO and
EURO codes will be adopted.
5.4 DESIGN STANDARDS FOR ROADS

5.4.1 Horizontal Alignment

The essential elements of the horizontal alignment are as under:
a) Radius of the Horizontal Curve
b) Super elevation
c) Transition Length
d) Sight Distance
The basic considerations for the horizontal alignment will be as under:
1) The curves will be designed to have the largest possible radius and in no case less than the
minimum value corresponding to the design speed.
2) Sharp curves will not be introduced at the end of the long tangent.
3) Long Curves with Suitable Transitions will generally be provided.
4) Reverse Curves will be avoided as far as possible.
5) Horizontal Alignment will be coordinated well the vertical alignment.

Transition Curves
The minimum length of transition curve will be determined from the following two considerations
and the larger of the two values will be adopted for design:
i) Rate of Change of Centrifugal Acceleration
Ls =0.0215 V3 /CR
Where:
Ls = Length of Transition Curve in meters
V = Speed in Km/hr
R = Radius of Circular Curve in meters
C=80/ (75+V) (Subject to a maximum of 0.80 and minimum of 0.50)
ii) Rate of Change of Super elevation should not be such as not to cause discomfort of travelers.
Further Rate of Change of Super elevation should not be steeper than 1 in 150 for roads in
Plain/Rolling Terrain, and 1 in 60 in Mountainous/Steep Terrain.
The formula for minimum length of Transition Curve on the basis is:
Ls=2.7 V2 /R.
5.4.2 Vertical alignment
a) The vertical alignment will be designed so as to provide a smooth longitudinal profile.
b) Gradients corresponding to the ruling gradients will be followed in the vertical alignment
design.

MEA 5-18