EUROPE SPAIN:

EBRO:
Second smallest continent in the world in terms  Located in Spain’s Cantabrian
of area Mountains
 Zaragoza city lies on it
BORDERS
GERMANY :
Situated between Ural mountains in the
ODER:
East and Atlantic Ocean in the West, in
 Border of Germany, Poland
West of Asia and North of Africa
DANUBE:
 To the North of Europe lies Arctic  The only river that touches and crosses
Ocean, to the South lies the eight countries
Mediterranean sea, the Black sea and  Black forest is the source of it
the Caucasus mountains  Belgrade, Budapest are located on
Combined Europe and Asia as one common Danube river
landmass is known as Eurasia
OTHER MAJOR RIVERS
Scandinavian countries:
 Iceland VOLGA:
 Denmark  Europe’s longest river
 Norway DON:
 Sweden  Tula is the source of the river
 Finland RHINE:
 Frankfurt, Ludwig, Rotterdam are
located on Rhine river
RIVERS OF EUROPE  Rhine is the “Busiest inland water way
of Europe”
ITALY:
Po EUROPE’S MAJOR COUNTRIES
 Fertile Northern plain formed by AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE
country’s longest river - the Po
 City Venice is located on it SPAIN:
Tiber (cuspate shape delta) Capital: Madrid
 City Rome (Italy) is located on it PORTUGAL:
FRANCE: Capital: Lisbon
SEINE:  situated south west of Iberian peninsula
 Paris city lies on it LISBON:
POLAND:  An important port capital situated on
VISTULA: the river Tagus
 Capital city of Poland, Warsaw is
located on it

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ANDORRA: BERLIN
Capital:Andorre-la-vella  Situated on the bank of Elbe river
 Situated between France and Spain in FRANKFURT
the valleys of Eastern Pyrenees  Situated on the Rhine River
LUXEMBOURG: ITALY
 Smallest state that is located in between Capital: Rome
Germany, Belgium and France Situated in the Southern Europe extending
from Alps into Mediterranean sea
NETHERLANDS:
Capital: Amsterdam  Island’s Sicily, Elba, Sardinia and
 Situated to the North West of Europe Caprain in Mediterranean belong to
 Capital city is famous as a world centre Italy
for diamonds, precious metals, and ROME:
treasures  Situated on the left bank of river Tiber
ROTTERDAM: VENICE:
 Situated along the Rhine river  Situated on the coast of Adriatic sea
 Handles largest cargo of all the ocean SARDINIA:
ports in the world  An island of Italy in the Mediterranean
sea
BELGIUM
MILAN:
Capital: Brussels
 Situated on the plains of river Po
POLAND:
 Known as the ‘Manchester of Italy’
Capital: Warsaw
Upper and lower Silesian region of Poland
FRANCE
known for coal fields Capital: Paris
 Lies on the banks of Vistula river  Situated between Germany, Spain and
Italy
SWITZERLAND: PARIS:
Capital :Bern  Situated on Seine River
 Landlocked between mountains of
Europe
 Mostly covered by the Alps mountains STRAITS OF EUROPE
Zurich:
 Financial and largest city of Switzerland GIBRALTER:
GERMANY  Separates: Europe and Africa
Capital: Berlin  Connects: Mediterranean sea with
BONN: Atlantic Ocean
BONIFACIO:
 Situated on the bank of Rhine river
 Separates: Sardinia islands(Italy) and
HAMBURG:
Corsica (France)
 Major port on the mouth of Elbe river

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BOSPORUS:
 Separates: Istanbul and Anatolia
 Connects: Black Sea and Sea of
Marmara
KERCH:
 Separates: Kerch and Russia
 Connects: Sea of Azov and Black Sea
DARDANELLES
 Separates: Balkan peninsula and
Anatolian peninsula
Connects: sea of Marmara and Aegean sea
IMPORTANT MOUNTAINS
KJOLEN:
 Running in North-South direction along
border of Norway and Sweden
CANTABARIAN:
 A chain of Mountain’s lying in
Northern Spain
PYRENEES:
 Runs along southern border of France
VESUVIUS:
 Volcanic mountain located in the
Naples state of Italy
APPENNINES:
 Mountains that extend from western
Alps to southern tip of mainland Italy
good example for limestone hills
 Famous for wine
VOSGES:
 Lies in France
 It separates France from Italy
 An example of Block mountain
ALPS:
 Lies in South-Eastern part of France
and Italy
ETNA:
 Volcanic mountain chain in Sicily of
Italy
 An example of parasitic volcanic cone
DINARIC ALPS
 Lies along north-east coast of Adriatic
sea
CARPATHAIAN: Runs in Northwest to
Southeast direction in the countries like
Poland, Ukraine, Romania
CAUCASUS:
 Lies to the north of Georgia and
Azerbaijan
 Separates Asia from Europe
Mount Elbrus in the Caucasus is the highest
mountain peak of Europe
BLACK FOREST:
 Block mountain of Germany
URAL:
 Forms the natural boundary between
Asia and Europe
PINDUS:
 Barren limestone chain of mountains
running in North West to South East
direction
 Main mountain chain in Greece region
BALKAN:
 Runs in east west direction in Bulgaria
IMPORTANT PENINSULAS
IBERIAN:
 Surrounded by Bay of Biscay,
Mediterranean sea and Atlantic ocean
BALKAN:
 Surrounded by Black sea, Aegean sea
and Adriatic sea
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KOLA: IRISH SEA:
 Surrounded by white sea and Arctic Lies between Great Britain and Ireland and
ocean in Russia Atlantic ocean
OCEANS AND RIVERS DRAINING ADRIATIC SEA:
 North East of Italy and Mediterranean
INTO sea
 Po river of Italy drains into it
MEDITERRANEAN SEA: IONIAN SEA:
 Separates Europe from Africa  lies between Greece and Italy
 Tiber in Italy and Rhone in France and BLACK SEA:
Ebro in Spain drain into it  separates Europe and Asia
WHITE SEA:  Danube drains into it
 Located in North of Russia and Arctic SEA OF AZOV:
ocean  South East of Ukraine, North of Black
BALTIC SEA: Sea
 Located in Atlantic Ocean  Don river drains into it
 Vistula and Oder drains into it SEA OF MARMARA:
NORTH SEA:  South west of Black Sea
 It consists of wide continental shelves  Connects Black sea and Aegean sea
of North Sea also called as Dogger bank AEGEAN SEA:
which is a main fish productive regions  lies between Greece and Anatolia
 It connects Baltic sea through Kiel canal Plateau
 North Sea is a part of UK and Atlantic
Ocean
 Elbe, Weser and Rhine drain’s into it SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES
ICELAND:
Capital: REYKJAVIK
Island situated on the North Atlantic Ocean &
close to Arctic circle
DENMARK:
Capital: COPENHAGEN
 Situated between North Sea and Baltic
Sea
 Smallest country of Scandinavian
It’s a land bridge between the Europe and
Scandinavian peninsula
 Greenland is the world’s largest island
 Copenhagen is the largest island of
Denmark
Key to the Baltic is also known as Copenhagen
NORWAY:
Capital: OSLO
 Situated on the western part of
Scandinavian peninsula of North West
Europe

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  World’s highest per capita hydel water
power output in the world
NARVIK:
 Iron ore of Sweden is shipped
 Port during winter remains ice free
FINLAND:
Capital: HELSINKI
SWEDEN:
Capital: STOCKHOLM
Situated on the eastern part of Scandinavian
Peninsula
 Most industrialized and leading
producer of iron ore
STOCKHOLM:
 Situated on the Baltic sea coast Known
as beauty on the sea

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