ST130: Basic Statistics

Faculty of Science, Technology & Environment

School of Computing, Information & Mathematical Sciences

Final Examination Solution

Semester 2, 2015

(Mode: Face to Face)

Question 1 Start on a new page [10+7+3) = 20 marks]

[1+4+3+2=10 marks]
Q1 Ai Solution: 1 mark
Cluster sampling
Q1 Aii&iii Solution: 4 marks
(0.5 for each lcl, 0.5 for ucl, 1 for freq, 1 for cum.freq, 0.5 for ucb, 0.5 for lcb)
cum.
lcl ucl freq lcb ucb
Freq
12.5 19.4 4 4 12.45 19.45
19.5 26.4 5 9 19.45 26.45
26.5 33.4 7 16 26.45 33.45
33.5 40.4 6 22 33.45 40.45
40.5 47.4 5 27 40.45 47.45
47.5 54.4 2 29 47.45 54.45
54.5 61.4 1 30 54.45 61.45
30
ST130 FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER2, 2015

Q1 Aiv Solution 3 marks (0.5label +0.5scale for each x & y axis, 0.5 title, 0.5 for
graph)

Concentration of Fertilizer Chemicals

in Rivers
35
30
25
cum. Freq

20
15
10
5
0
12.45 19.45 26.45 33.45 40.45 47.45 54.45 61.45
concentration of chemicals (ppm)

Q1 Av Solution 2 (1 for showing it on graph, 1 for giving value)

About 21 samples have their concentration below 40.

[1+3+3=7 marks]
Q1Bi Solution: 1 mark (0.5 for cont+0.5 for reason)
It is a continuous data as the data obtained by measurement.
Q1Bii Solution: 3 mark (1 for  fX m , 1 for n,1 for correct ans)

Wingspan
Frequency
(mm) Xm f*Xm (Xm-mean)^2 f*(Xm-mean)^2
10 - 20 7 15 105 772.84 5409.88
20 - 30 8 25 200 316.84 2534.72
30 - 40 19 35 665 60.84 1155.96
40 - 50 30 45 1350 4.84 145.2
50 - 60 16 55 880 148.84 2381.44
60 - 70 10 65 650 492.84 4928.4
90 3850 16555.6

X
 fX m

3850
 42.8
n 90
 f X  X  , 1 for n-1,1 for correct ans)
2
Q1Bii Solution: 3 mark (1 for m

 f X X
2
16555.6
    186
2 m

n 1 89

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ST130 FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER2, 2015

Q1 (C)Solution 3 mark (2 for graph, 1 for scale)

10 11 11 14 15 17 21 24 28 55

The 5 summary:
min: 10, lower quartile: 11, median: 16, upper quartile: 24, max:55.

Amount of fiber consumed per day for 10 people

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
amount of fiber (g)

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ST130 FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER2, 2015

Question 2 Start on a new page [4+3+4+9= 20 marks]

[2+2=4 marks]
Q3 (A) Solution
i) C and S are non-mutually exclusive events since P(C  S )  0
ii)
P(C  S )  0.85, P( S )  0.61, P(C )  0.31,
P(C  S )  P(C )  P( S )  P(C  S )  0.31  0.61  0.85  0.07

[1+2=3 marks]
Q2 (B) Solution
i) 52  51  2652
ii) P( A  J )  P( J | A)  P( A)   26 / 52  4 / 51  2 / 51

[2+2=4 marks]

Q2 (C) Solution
i) It is qualitative data, as it is either yes or no.
ii)
Smoker Non-Smoker Total
Pregnant 38 206 244
Not pregnant 97 337 434
Total 135 543 678

P( P  S ') 244 678

P( P | S ')    0.45
P( S ') 543 / 678

[5+2+2=9 marks]
Q2 (D) Solution
i)
X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 0.008 0.096 0.384 0.512

ii) E ( X )   XP( X )  0  0.096  2(0.384)  3(0.512)  2.4

iii)
Var ( X )   X 2 P( X )   2  0  0.096  22  0.384   32  0.512     2.4 
2

 0.48  SD( X )  0.48  0.693.

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ST130 FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER2, 2015

Question 3 Start on a new page [10+10= 20 marks]

[5+4+1=10 marks]
Q3 (A) Solution
i)
 75  72 
P( X  75)  P  Z    P  Z  0.5  0.5  0.1915  0.3085  30.9%
 6 
ii)
 75  72 
P( X  75)  P  Z    P  Z  1.936   0.5  0.4736  0.0264
 6 15 

iii) Mean= median= mode, or has a bell shaped distribution.

[4+1+5=10 marks]
Q3 (B) Solution
i)

p  pˆ  z 2
ˆˆ
pq
 0.22   2.579 
 0.22  0.78  0.22  0.076  0.144  p  0.296
n 200

ii) Margin of error is 0.076

iii)
2
z 
2
 1.96 
ˆ ˆ   2    0.22  0.78 
n  pq   1648.04 1649
 E   0.02 

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ST130 FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER2, 2015

Question 4 Start on a new page [8+12= 20 marks]

Q4 (A) Solution
60
H 0 : p  0.2 H1 : p  0.2 (claim) n  400, pˆ   0.15, q  0.8
400
test value:
pˆ  p 0.15  0.2
z   2.5
pq  0.2  0.8
n 400
p  value :
P(0  Z  2.5)  .4938  p  value  2(0.5  .4938)  2  0.0062  0.0124.

Since p   we reject H 0 and conclude that there is enough evidence to say that the
current percentage has changed from what it was five years ago.

[4+8=12 marks]

Q4 (B) Solution
i)
female: X 1  6.4, s1  4.6
male: X 2  6.8, s2  3.8
ii)
Step 1: Hypothesis: H0 : 1  2 H1 : 1  2 (claim)
Step 2: Critical value: Since   0025 and the test is left–tailed, using the t-distribution
table we get critical value as t  2.262
Step 3: Test value:

t
 6.4  6.8  0  0.245
4.62  3.82
10 26
Step 4: Make a decision: Since the test value t = -0.245, falls in a non-critical region, we do
not reject null hypothesis. There is not enough evidence to conclude that females exercise
fewer hours than males.

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ST130 FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER2, 2015

Question 5 Start on a new page [8+7+5= 20 marks]

[3+4+1=8 marks]
Q5A Solution (4+5+1=10 marks)
i)
n  7,  x  13.48,  y  1084,  xy  2044.89,  x 2  28.37,  y 2  169458
r  0.687
ii)
H 0 : p  0 H1 : p  0
C.V :   0.02, d . f  5, t  3.365
n2 72
Test Value : t  r  0.687  2.115
1 r 1   0.687 
2 2

Do not reject H 0 and claim that there is no correlation between X and Y .

iii) There is no relationship between the length and the speed of wild lizards.

[7 marks]
Q5 B Solution:
H 0 : Twice as many babies born in the CWM hospital the April-June quarter.
H1 : The number of babies born in the April-June quarter sold of each of the five colors is differs.

k  5, df  k  1  5  1  4
  0.01, the critical value of  2is 13.277.
 O  E 
2

Since  2
  19.329
E
Reject H 0 since19.329>13.277
Conclude that the number of candies sold of each of the five colors differs

[1+2+2=5 marks]
Q5 (C) Solution
i) H 0 : 1  2  3 H1 : At least one mean is different from others.
ii)
Since k  3, N  12,
d.f.N.  k  1  3  1  2
d.f.D.  N  k  12  3  9
The critical value is 4.2565, obtained from the F- distribution table with   0.05.

iii) Since the test value F  14.85 > critical value is 4.2565, we reject H 0 : 1  2  3 ,
and conclude that at least one mean is different from the others.

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