Feedback Control System PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO – College of Engineering

Laboratory 6
(ELECTROPNEUMATICS)

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the activity, the students will be able to:
1. Understand the process and applications of electro pneumatics
2. Understand the principles of Control systems based on feedbacks
3. Design circuits that will enable integration of pneumatics circuits and it’s
Electronic counterpart

BASIC CONCEPTS

By definition according to Wikipedia.com:

Pneumatics is a method to transfer energy from one point to other using actuators which are driven by
fluids under pressure. Pneumatics restricts itself to gaseous fluids while hydraulics uses liquids to
transfer the energy.

The transferring of energy in pneumatics such as pumping air into a pneumatic cylinder must be
controlled. You can control the pressure by manually opening a valve, automatically by detecting its
pressure, or by sending an electrical signal.

The control of pneumatic components by electrical impulses is known as electro-pneumatics.

Electro pneumatic is integration of two control circuit:

 Pneumatic Circuit
 Electrical Circuit

A. Pneumatic Circuit B. Electrical Circuit

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Combination of Pneumatic and Electrical

Input Element component

Switches: There are 3 types of electrical switches used in design Electro-pneumatic circuit.

Normally Open switch

Normally Close switch

Multiple contacts switches Sensors: Mechanical Position sensor (Limit switch)

Proximity sensor

Reed switch

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Switching Contact and type of actuation

Normally Open (N.O) and Normally Close (N.C)

Pneumatic Circuit : 3/2-way Push button (valve)

Normally open Normally Close

Electrical Circuit: Push button switch

Normally Open Normally close

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 Feedback Control System PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO – College of Engineering

Processing element – Relay

Relay is an electrically actuated switch, contains a coil and a contactor switch or multiples contactors.
When power is applied to relay coil, the core magnetizes, drawing the contact assembly in.
This will change the state of all the contacts in the relay (i.e., N.O contact becomes closed or N.C
contact becomes open).

Relay uses small amount of power to control switching (advantage). The voltage applied to the coil
doesn’t have to be the same as that in control circuit.

Relay is used to allow low voltage control systems to switch large current/ high voltage
(Function / advantage)

Relay has a few functions as a safety device:

The high voltage output (i.e. 240V) can be switched ON through a contactor using relay with low
voltage (i.e. 24V) supplied to a coil.

The high current output can be switched ON through a contactor using relay with low current supplied
to a coil.

Functioned as Safety control circuit for emergency power cut-off (EMERGENCY START and STOP
button) to the whole circuit.

Use in automation process:

Switching more than one outputs simultaneously using relay with a coil and multiple contactors.
To control ON and OFF of various outputs sequences using several relay.

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 Feedback Control System PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO – College of Engineering

Final control element – Solenoid DCV

Solenoid valve is an electro-mechanical device that built-in with a coil (solenoid) and a pneumatic
Directional control valve.

Solenoid actuated Directional control valve (DCV) convert electrical signals to pneumatic signals.
They are used to start, to stop and/or to change the direction of air flow.

There 3 main types of solenoid valve.

 3/2-way Solenoid valve with spring return

 5/2-way Solenoid valve with spring return
 5/2-way Double solenoid valve

(Pneumatic)
Pilot actuated 5/2-way Directional control valve

(Electro-Pneumatic)
Solenoid actuated 5/2-way Directional control valve

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 Feedback Control System PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO – College of Engineering

Self-Latching

Self-latching will enable the automation system to run in automatic mode after the START button is
pressed and the system repeats until STOP button is pressed.

The advantage of having self-latching in the system is that it can be used as power switching and
emergency button

Consider the following:

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 Feedback Control System PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO – College of Engineering

LABORATORY 6

1. Create an Electro pneumatic controller for the sequence:

a. A+,B+,B-,A-
b. A+,B+,A-,B-

2. To perform AND & OR logic for forward stroke of a double acting cylinder using two
manual control.

LABORATORY 7- Worded Problems

1. Two cylinders are used to transfer parts from a magazine onto a chute. When a push button
is pressed, the first cylinder extends. Pushing the part from the magazine and positions it in
preparation for transfer by the second cylinder onto the out feed chute. Once the part is
transferred, the first cylinder retracts, followed by the second. Confirmations of all extend
and retracted positions are required.

For worded problems:

1. Give the statement of the problem
2. Provide the layout
3. Provide the sequence for the layout
4. Provide analysis for input and output signals
5. Provide a step diagram for input and output signals
6. Provide analysis on both pneumatic and electro pneumatic.

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Requirements:

1. Prepare a list of components required to prepare a circuit.

2. Prepare a circuit using standard symbols of different components separately which
can be used as a reference for the actual connections.
3. State your procedures (step by step) on your simulation.
4. Start the simulation and write your observation, errors, and solutions.

Rubrics for grading.

Category 10 pts 5 pts 3pts

100% original design came from the Partially obtain Completely acquired
Originality of the Circuit design
student from other sources from a source
100% functional with labels and Partially correct , Lot of errors including
sequence accurate for the problem. has labels and in the layout and
Functionality of the circuit design Has starting position and ending provide clean organization of the
position that can be operated layout circuit
repeatedly
100% used components discussed Partially followed Did not follow the
Proper use of format/components
by the instructor ( lines , layout and the format. format.
as required by the instructor
design)
A grade of 0 will be awarded for those who copied other’s work. This includes sources from the internet.

Format Sample:

Positional Layout sample

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Step diagram Sample

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