Technological University of the Philippines

College of Industrial Education

Technical Arts Department

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:

 To know the basic steps in transmission and differential changing oil

 To demonstrate the basic steps in transmission and differential changing oil
 To value the importance of changing oil in transmission and differential

II. Subject Matter

A. Topic: Testing and Repairing Auto Lighting System

B. Specific Competency/Subtopic: Performing Transmission and Differential Oil
Change

C. List of Materials:
 Visual Aids
 Projector
 Laptop
 White Board
 White Board Marker

D. Procedure:

A. Daily Routine
B. Greetings
C. Prayer (lead by any of the students)
D. Checking of Attendance

III. Presentation
A. Motivation
The teacher will show some picture to the students to give them some ideas
about the topic for the day. (Four Pictures One Word)

OIL
 CHANGE

B. Technical Terms:
 Debris- the pieces that are left after something has been destroyed
 Ramp- a slope or inclined plane for joining two different levels, as at the entrance
or between floors of a building.
 Gear- one of a set of toothed wheels that work together to alter the relation
between the speed of a driving mechanism and the speed of the driven parts (the
wheels).
 Gear oil- a lubricant made specifically for transmissions, transfer cases, and
differentials in automobiles, trucks, and other machinery.

C. Lesson Proper

An oil change service is the simplest yet most important preventative

maintenance service for your vehicle. Engine oil keeps all the moving parts in the
engine operating smoothly and cleanses the engine of potentially damaging debris.
The oil continuously circulates through the oil filter to keep the oil clean of debris that
could harm the engine. Over time the oil filter loses its ability to clean the oil and both
oil and filter need to be changed.
Transmission also called auto is a type of motor vehicle transmission that can
automatically change gear ratios as the vehicle moves, freeing the driver from having
to shift gears manually.

Step by step procedure in Changing Manual Transmission Oil:

Step 1: Gather your tools.

- Jack and Axle stands or tire ramps to get your car off the ground 
- Set of wrenches and ratchet set (depending on your vehicle.) 
- Torque wrench 
- oil drain bucket of some type 
- Fluid pump 
- rags 
- WD - 40 or a penetrating oil 
- Gear oil (most likely 75-90 or 80-90, check your owners manual) 

Step 2: Locate and remove the filler bolt. Loosen the filler by selecting the proper
wrench and turn the wrench counter clockwise. If the bolt doesn't let go; spray the
wd-40 on the bolt and let sit for 1 hour. Still stuck. Don't force it too much as it may
break. 

Step 3: Remove the drain bolt. Loosen the drain, place the drain pan under the
transmission and then remove the drain bolt allowing the oil to drain.

Step 4: Clean the magnet and remove the filler bolt. The drain bolt usually has a
magnet on it that catches the metal shavings. Clean them off really well.

Step 5: Replace the drain bolt. Thread it on by hand first for at least 3 complete
revolutions to make sure you haven't cross threaded it. Then tighten it with the
ratchet. Lastly tighten it with a torque wrench to the manufacturers specifications.

Step 6: Fill the oil and close the filler bolt. Add your gear oil back into the gearbox
using the oil pump. Fill the oil into the filler until the oil reaches the level of the filler

Step 7: Clean up and take the car for a test drive. 

Differential is designed to drive a pair of wheels while allowing them to rotate at

different speeds. In vehicles without a differential, such as karts, both driving wheels
are forced to rotate at the same speed, usually on a common axle driven by a simple
chain-drive mechanism.

Step by step procedure in Changing Differential Fluid:

Step 1: Secure the vehicle on jack stands or ramps. Locate the differential drain bolt.
Loosen and remove.
Step 2: Allow time for the gear oil to completely drain. Replace the drain bolt. Wipe
any excess gear oil from the case.
Step 3: Locate and remove the gear oil fill bolt.
Step 4: Use a pump to slowly add the recommended type of gear oil to the
differential.
Step 5: Add the recommended amount of gear oil to the differential, or until gear oil
starts to dribble out of the fill hole.
Step 6: Re-install and tighten the fill hole bolt. Wipe off any excess gear oil from the
case.

Importance of changing oil:

The lubricating properties of engine oil do not last forever and over time, oil
accumulates dirt and foreign particles and its chemical makeup degrades.

D. Application:
The teacher will call two students to perform or to summarize the basic steps
in Transmission and Differential oil change.

E. Generalization
The teacher will ask some students about the things they’ve learned on the
lesson.

F. Evaluation:
1. The simplest yet most important preventative maintenance service for your
vehicle.
 a. Clutch and brake inspection
b. Oil change
c. Electrical Repair
2. Can automatically change gear ratios as the vehicle moves, freeing the driver from
having to shift gears manually.
a. Transmission
b. Automatic
c. Differential

3. A lubricant made specifically for transmissions, transfer cases, and differentials in

automobiles, trucks, and other machinery.
a. Engine Oil
b. Gear Oil
c. Grease
4. Designed to drive a pair of wheels while allowing them to rotate at different speeds.
a. Transmission
b. Automatic
c. Differential
5. What is the third step in Differential changing oil?
a. Locate and remove the gear oil fill bolt.
b. Secure the vehicle on jack stands or ramps.
c. Allow time for the gear oil to completely drain.

Answer Key:
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. C
5. A