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Triangles: Very Short Answer Type Questions
Triangles: Very Short Answer Type Questions
online
CHAPTER 6
Triangles
Thus QB = 3 cm
x2 + 5x = x2 + 4x + 3
x =3
In this figure we have
2. In the given figure, if +A = 90º, +B = 90º, AX = 3 , AY = 5,YC = 9
OB = 4.5 cm, OA = 6 cm and AP = 4cm, then find XB 4
QB.
AX = 3 and AY = 5
XB 4 YC 9
Since AX =
Y AY
XB YC
Hence XY is not parallel to BC.
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25 : 36
27 = h2 + 27
4
h2 = 27 - 27 = 81
4 4
h = 9 = 4.5 cm
2
3. In the given figure, TABC ~TPQR. Find the value
of y + z.
We have CD = CE
AD BE
x+3 = x
2x 2x - 1
5x = 3 or, x = 3
5
Alternative Method :
Ans : [Board Term-1, Set-CJTOQ]
In ABC, DE || AB , thus
CD = CE In the given figure TABC ~TPQR
CA CB AB = BC = AC
Thus
PQ QR PR
CD = CE
CD + AD CE + BE z =8=4 3
3 6 y
x+3 = x
x + 3 + 2x 2 + 2x - 1 z = 8 and 8 = 4 3
x+3 = x 3 6 6 y
3x + 3 3x - 1
z = 8 # 3 and y = 4 3 # 6
6 8
^x + 3h^3x - 1h = x ^3x + 3h
3x2 - x + 9x - 3 = 3x2 + 3x z = 4 and y = 3 3
8x - 3 = 3x Thus y+z = 3 3 +4
8x - 3x = 3 Add 8905629969 in Your Class Whatsapp Group to Get All PDFs
5x = 3
4. In an equilateral triangle of side 24 cm, find the length
x =3 of the altitude.
5
2. In an equilateral triangle of side 3 3 cm find the Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-DDE-E]
length of the altitude. Let TABC be an equilateral triangle of side 24 cm and
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-MV98HN3] AD is altitude which is also a perpendicular bisector
of side BC. This is shown in figure given below.
Let TABC be an equilateral triangle of side 3 3
cm and AD is altitude which is also a perpendicular
bisector of side BC. This is shown in figure given
below.
Now BD = BC = 24 = 12 cm
2 2
AB = 24 cm
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Chap 6 : Triangles www.rava.org.in
a2 = a a k + h2
2 2
AD = AB - BD In TABD,
2
2
= ^24h - ^12h
2 2
2 2
= 576 - 144 h2 = a2 - a = 3a
4 4
= 432 = 12 3
Thus h = 3a
Thus AD = 12 3 cm 2
` The length of the altitude is 12 3 cm.
7. Let TABC ~TDEF. if ar ^TABC h = 100 cm2,
5. In TABC, AD = BC, such that AD2 = BD # CD. ar ^DEF h = 196 cm2 and DE = 7, then find AB.
Prove that TABC is right angled at A.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-DDE-M]
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-FHN8MGD]
We have TABC ~TDEF , thus
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. ar ^TABC h 2
= AB2
are ^TDEF h DE
100 = AB2
196 ^7 h2
100 = AB2
196 49
AB2 = 49 # 100
196
AB2 = 25
We have AD2 = BD # CD AB = 5 cm
AD = BD 8. In the given figure, DE | | BC. If AD = 1.5 cm
CD AD ar ^TADE h
BD = 2AD, then find
Since +D = 90º , by SAS we have ar ^trapezium BCED h
TADC ~TBDA
and +BAD = +ACD;
Since corresponding angles of similar triangles are
equal
+DAC = +DBA
+BAD + +ACD + +DAC + +DBA = 180º
2+BAD + 2+DAC = 180º
+BAD + +DAC = 90º
+A = 90º
Thus TABC is right angled at A. Ans : [Board Term-1, 2013, set FFC]
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We have AD = 1.5 cm, BD = 3
6. Find the altitude of an equilateral triangle when each and AB = AD + BD = 1.5 + 3.0 = 4.5cm cm
of its side is 'a' cm. In triangle ADE and ABC, +A is common and
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-O4YP6G7] DE | | BC
Let TABC be an equilateral triangle of side a and Thus +ADE = +ABC
AD is altitude which is also a perpendicular bisector +AED = +ACB
of side BC. This is shown in figure given below.
(corresponding angles)
By AA similarity we have
TADE ~TABC
ar ^TADE h 2 ^1.5h2 1
Now = AD2 = =
ar ^TABC h AB ^4.5h2 9
ar ^TADE h
= 1
ar ^TABC h - ar ^TADE h 9-1
ar ^TADE h
=1
ar ^trapezium BCED h 8
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and QR = 26 cm and in TPKR, +PKR = 90º and 11. Given TABC ~TDEF , find TABC
KR = 8 cm, find PK. TDEF
10. The sides AB and AC and the perimeter P1 of TABC 12. In the given figure, G is the mid-point of the side PQ
are respectively three times the corresponding sides of TPQR and GH | | QR. Prove that H is the mid-
DE and DF and the parameter P2 of TDEF. Are the point of the side PR or the triangle PQR.
ar ^TABC h
two triangles similar? If yes, find
ar ^TDEF h
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, SEt-39]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.
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PS
SQ = 3
5 and PR = 28 cm, find PT. AB | | CD | | EF, then prove that AE
ED = BF
FC
We have PS = 3
SQ 5
PS = 3
PS + SQ 3+5
PS = 3
PQ 8
According to the question, ST | | QR , thus
PS = PT (By BPT) In TCAB,GF | | AB , thus by BPT we have
PQ PR
AG = BF ...(1)
CG FC
PT = PS # PR
PQ
In TADC, EG | | DC , thus by BPT we have
= 3 # 28 = 10.5 cm AE = AG ...(2)
8 ED CG
14. In the given figure, +A = +B and AD = BE. Show
that DE | | AB. From equations (1) and (2),
AE = BF . Hence Proved.
ED FC
16. In a rectangle ABCD, E is a point on AB such that
AE = 2 AB. If AB = 6 km and AD = 3 km, then find
3
DE.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-LGRKEGO]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.
In TCAB, we have
+A +B (1)
By isoscales triangle property we have
AC = CB
But, we have been given
We have AE = 2 AB = 2 # 6 = 4 km
AD = BE (2) 3 3
Dividing equation (2) by (1) we get, In right triangle ADE,
CD = CE DE2 = ^3 h2 + ^4 h2 = 25
AD BE
Thus DE = 5 km
By converse of BPT,
17. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB | | CD and its
DE | | AB. Hence Proved diagonals intersect each other at the point O. Show
15. In the given figure, if ABCD is a trapezium in which that AO = CO .
BO DO
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-66]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
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below. = 180º - ^60º + 70ºh = 50°
Thus +X = 50º
= 4
PR - 4
PR - 4 = 8
PR = 12 cm
In right TPQR we have
QR2 = PR2 - PQ2
= 122 - 62
= 144 - 36 = 108
Thus QR = 6 3 cm
PR = 3 3 = 1
ZX 6 3 2
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-65]
QR
and = 7 =1 In the given figure CD = AB, and
YX 14 2
QP QR CD = p
Thus = PR =
ZY ZX YX Area TABC = 1 # base # height
2
By SSS criterion we have
TPQR ~TZYX = 1 # AB # CD = 1 cp
2 2
Thus +X = +R
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By Pythagoras theorem,
OB2 = OA2 + AB2
= ^10h2 + ^24h2
= 100 + 576 = 676
2 2 2
AB = AD + BD or, OB = 676 = 26 m
Since AB = BC = CA , we get Hence, the man is at a distance of 26 m from the
BC2 = AD2 + BD2, starting point.
(2) Pythagoras Theorem
Since = is the median in an equilateral T, BC = 2BD
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^2BD h2 = AD + BD
2 2
4BD2 - BD2 = AD2 24. In the given figure, OA # OB = OC # OD, show that
+A = +C and +B = +D.
3BD2 = AD2
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25. In the given figure, if AB | | DC, find the value of x. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS - II
1. If TABC~TPQR and AD and PS are bisectors
of corresponding angles A and P, then prove that
ar ^TABC h AD2
= .
ar ^TPQRh PS2
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-MV98HN3]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.
In TPQR, CA || PR
By BPT similarity we have
PC = RA
CQ AQ
PC = 20
15 12
Find : arTACB
arTDCE
PC = 15 # 20 = 25 cm Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-FHN8MGD]
12
In given figure we have
In TPQR, CB || QR
AD = 2CD
Thus PC = PR
CQ BR In TCDE and TCAB
25 = 15 +C = +C (Common)
15 BR +CDE = +CAB
BR = 15 # 15 = 9 cm (Corresponding angles)
25
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By AA similarity rule we get ar ^TCOD h 2
= CD 2
TCDE ~TCAB ar ^TAOB h AB
ar ^TDCE h 2 2
= CD 2 = CD 2 = 1
2
Now, = CD2 = CD2
ar ^TACB h CA ^AD + DC h
2
^3CD h 9CD 9
Now, p ab
arTBCE DC2 BC2
1 = c2
ar ^TACF h = 2ar ^TBEC h p2 a2 b2
ar ^TBEC h = 1 ar ^TACF h Hence Proved. 1 = a2 + b2
2
p2 a2 b2
4. In a trapezium ABCD , diagonals AC and BD
intersect at O. I AB = 3DC, then find ratio of areas of 1 = 1 +1 Hence Proved
triangles COD and AOB. p2 a2 b2
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-FHN8MGD] 6. In TABC, DE | | BC. If AD = x + 2, DB = 3x + 16,
AE = x and EC = 3x + 5, them find x.
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-DDE-E]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.
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In the give figure
DE || BC
By BPT we have
AD = AE
DB EC
x+2 = x
3x + 16 x3 + 5
We have BD = CD = BC
2
BC = 2BD
Using Pythagoras theorem in the right TABC, we
have
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
= AB2 + 4BD2
= ^AB2 + BD2h + 3BD2
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-40]
AC2 = AD2 + 3CD2
For more files visit www.cbse.online We have AP = 3.5 = 1
AB 10.5 3
11. If the diagonals of a quadrilateral divide each other AQ
proportionally, prove that it is a trapezium. =3=1
AC 9 3
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-39]
In TABC, AP = AQ and +A is common.
As per given condition we have drawn the figure AB AC
below.
Thus due to SAS we have
TAPQ ~TABC
AP = PQ
AB BC
1 = 4.5
3 BC
BC = 13.5 cm.
or, AO = BO ...(1)
CO DO
In TABD, EO || AB
By BPT we have
AE = BO ...(2)
ED DO Prove that :
(1) AP = AB
From equation (1) and (2), we get DQ DE
AE = AO (2) TCAP~TFDQ.
ED CO Ans : [Board Term-1, 2016, Set-LGRKEGO]
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Hence +1 = +3
In TABC and TBDE,
+1 = +3 (Proved)
+ACB = +DEB = 90º (Given)
TABC ~TBDE (By AA Similarity)
Thus AC = BE . Hence Proved
BC DE
15. In the given figure, TABC and TABC and TDBC
(1) Since TABC~TDEF are on the same base BC. AD and BC intersect at O.
ar ^TABC h
+A = +D (Corresponding angles) Prove that = AO .
ar ^TDBC h DO
2+1 = 2+2
Also +B = +E (Corresponding angles)
AP = AB Hence Proved
DQ DE
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Ans : [Boar term-1, 2011, Set-21]
In TADB, we have
AB2 = AD2 + BD2 ...(1)
(Pythagoras Theorem)
In TADC, AC = AD + CD2
2 2
...(2) Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-74]
(Pythagoras theorem) PS = PT
We have
Subtracting eqn. (2) from eqn. (1), we get SQ TR
AB2 - AC2 = BD2 - CD2 and +PST = +PRQ
= b 3 BC l - b 1 BC l
2 2
By converse of BPT,
4 4
ST || QR
2
= 9 BC2 - 1 BC2 = BC +PST = +PQR
16 16 2
(Corresponding angles)
2 ^AB2 - AC2h = BC2
and +PST = +PRQ
2 ^AB h2 = 2AC2 + BC2 . Hence Proved
Thus +PQR = +PRQ
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So, TPQR is an isosceles triangle. Hence Proved
18. In the given figure, = BR
BR = 3 . If the area of TPQR
PA
AQ
2
is 32 cm , then find the area of the quadrilateral 20. Prove that the sum of squares on the sides of a
AQRB. rhombus is equal to sum of squares of its diagonals.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-44] Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-21]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure Let, ABCD is a rhombus and since diagonals of a
below. rhombus bisect each other at 90º.
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22. In a TABC, let P and Q be points on AB and
AC respectively such that PQ | | BC. Prove that the
median AD bisects PQ.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2011, Set-70]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.
BL and CM are medians. Add 8905629969 in Your Class Whatsapp Group to Get All PDFs
In TABL, BL2 = AB2 + AL2
23. In the given figure A, B and C are points on OP, OQ
2
= AB + b AC l (BL is median)
2 and OR respectively such that AB | | PQ and AC | | PR.
2 Prove that BC | | QR.
In TACM, CM2 = AC2 + AM2
2
= AC2 + b AB l (CM is median)
2
Now
2 2
BL2 + CM2 = AB2 + AC2 + AC + AB
4 4
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Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-66] In TABE, DF || AE, (Given)
In TPOQ, AB || PQ By BPT BD = BF ...(2)
DA FE
By BPT AO = OB ...(1)
AP BQ From (1) and (2), we have
In TOPR, AC || PR, BF = BE . Hence proved
FE EC
By BPT OA = OC (2)
AP CR 26. In the given figure, BC | | PQ and BC = 8cm,
PQ = 4cm, BA = 6.5 cm, AP = 2.8cm. Find CA and
From equations (1) and (2), we have AQ.
OB = OC
BQ CR
(By converse of BPT)
BC || QR Hence Proved
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In right TADB, Due to AA similarity
2 2 2
AB = AD + BD ...(2) TABD ~TECF Hence proved
Subtracting eqn. (1) from eqn. (2)
AB2 - AC2 = BD2 - CD2 LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
AB2 + CD2 = AC2 + BD2 . Hence proved.
1. TPQR is right angled at Q . Q.QX = PR, XY = RQ
28. In the given figure, CD | | LA and DE | | AC. Find the and XZ = PQ are drawn. Prove that XZ2 = PZ # ZQ.
length of CL, if BE = 4 cm and EC = 2 cm.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, Set-60] 2. In TABC, the mid-points of sides BC, CA and AB
are D , E and F respectively. Find ratio of ar (TDEF)
In TABD and TCEF, we have to ar ^TABC.h
AB = AC Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-DDE-M]
Thus +ABC = +ACB As per given condition we have drawn the figure below.
+ABD = +ECF Here F, E and D are the mid-points of AB, AC and
BC respectively.
+ADB = +EFC (each 90º)
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that OD = DX as shown in figure. AD = BC + CD - AB
Prove that : AD = h + d - x
(1) EF | | BC
(2) AO : AX = AF : AB In right angled triangle TACD,
AD2 = AC2 + DC2
^h + d - x h2 = ^x + h h2 + d
2
^h + d - x h2 - ^x + h h2 = d
2
^h + d - x - x - h h^h + d - x + x + h h = d
2
^d - 2x h^2h + d h = d
2
In TAXC, AE = AO ...(2)
EC OX
From (1) and (2) we get
AF = AE
FB EC Ans : [Board Term-1, 2013, Set FFC]
By converse of BPT we have
We have cos a = 2 and OB = 3 cm
EF || BC 3
AO = AF ^3x h2 = ^2x h2 + ^3 h2
AX AB 9x2 = 4x2 + 9
Thus AO : AX = AF : AB Hence Proved 5x2 = 9
x = 9 = 3
6. In the right triangle, B is a point on AC such 5 5
that AB + AD = BC + CD. If AB = x, BC = h and
CD = d, then find x (in term of h and d). Hence, OA = 2x = 2 c 3 m = 6 cm
5 5
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015, Set-FHN8MGD]
and AB = 3x = 3 c 3 m = 9 cm
5 5
Diagonal BD = 2 # OB = 2 # 3 = 6 cm
and AC = 2AO
= 2 # 6 = 12 cm
5 5
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In TABC AD is the median, therefore
BC = 2BD
and in TPQR , PM is the median,
QR = 2QM
Given, AB = AD = BC
PQ PM QR
or, AB = AD = 2BD
PQ PM 2QM
We have TABC ~TPQR,
In triangles ABD and PQM,
and arTABC = arTPQR
AB = AD = BD
Since TABC ~TPQR , we have PQ PM QM
ar ^TABC h 2 2 2
= AB2 = BC2 = CA 2 ...(1) By SSS similarity we have
ar ^TPQRh PQ QR RP
TABD ~TPQM
Since ar ^TABC h = ar ^TPQRh we have
By CPST we have
ar ^TABC h
=1 +B = +Q,
ar ^TPQRh
In TABC and TPQR,
From equation (1), we get
AB = BC
AB2 = BC2 = CA2 = 1 PQ QR
PQ2 QR2 RP2
By SAS similarity we have
AB = BC = CA = 1
PQ QR RP +B = +Q,
Thus TABC ~TPQR. Hence Proved.
AB = PQ,
BC = QR 10. Inthe following figure, TFEC , TGBD and
+1 = +2 . Prove that TADE , TABC.
and CA = RA
By SSS similarity we have
TABC , TPQR
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11. In the given figure, D and E trisect BC. Prove that In TABC, DP || BC
8AE2 = 3AC2 + 5AD2 . AD = AP ,
By BPT we have ...(1)
DB PC
Similarly, in TABC , EQ || AC
BQ
= BE ...(2)
QC EA
From figure, EA = AD + DE
= BE + ED ( BE = AD )
= BD
Therefore equation (2) becomes,
BQ
= AD ...(3)
QC BD
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2013, LK-59]
From (1) and (3), we get
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. AP = BQ
PC QC
By converse of BPT,
PQ || AB Hence Proved
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= c BC m # b AD l
QR PE
= BC # BC
QR QR
From equation (3) we have
ar ^TABC h 2
= BC2 ...(4)
ar ^TPQRh QR
From equation (3) and equation (4) we have
ar ^TABC h 2 2 We have drawn diagonal AC and BD .
= c AB m = c BC m = b AC l
2
ar ^TPQRh PQ QR PR
AO = OC = 1 AC
14. Prove that in a right triangle, the square of the 2
hypotenuse is equal to sum of squares of other two
sides. Using the above result, prove that, in rhombus and BO = OD = 1 BD
2
ABCD, 4AB2 = AC2 + BD2 .
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015 CJTOQ, [Sample Paper 2017] AC = BD
Since diagonal of rhombus bisect each other at right
(1) As per given condition we have drawn the figure angle,
below. Here AB = BC .
+AOB = 90º
We have drawn BE = AC
AB2 = OA2 + OB2
2
= b AC l + b BD l
2
2 2
2 2
= AC + BD
4 4
AD = 4 CE2 = 55 + 20 = 240 = 20
3 3#4 12
PE 5
16. In the figure, ABC is a right triangle, right angled at Thus CE = 20 = 2 5 cm.
B. AD and CE are two medians drawn from A and
17. If a line drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to
C respectively. If AC = 5 cm and AD = 3 2 5 cm, find
intersect the other two sides in distinct points, the
the length of CE.
other two sides are divided in the same ratio. Prove it.
Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012 FFC, 2012 Set 15]
A triangle ABC is given in which DE | | BC. We have
drawn DN = AE and EM = AD as shown below. We
have joined BE and CD.
In TADE,
area ^TADE h = 1 # AE # DN ...(1)
2
In TDEC,
area ^TDCE h = 1 # CE # DN ...(2)
2
area ^TADE h
or, = AE ...(3)
area ^TDEC h CE
Here in TABC, +B = 90º , AD and CE are two
medians. Now in TADE,
By Pythagoras theorem we get area ^TADE h = 1 # AD # EM ...(4)
2
AC = AB + BC = ^5 h = 25
2 2 2 2
...(1) and in TDEB,
2 2 2
In TABD, AD = AB + BD
area ^TDEB h = 1 # EM # BD ...(5)
2 2
3 5 BC2
c 2 m = AB + 4
2
In trapezium ABCD,
EF || AB | | CD
AF = BE = 4
FD EC 3
QC = 2 BC
3
Prove that x = 6 - .
3y Substituting ^AD2 + BD2h = AB2 we have
4
Ans : AC2 = AB2 + BC2 + 2BC # BD
As per given condition we have drawn the figure 6. If A be the area of a right triangle and b be one of the
below. sides containing the right angle, prove that the length
of the altitude on the hypotenuse is 2Ab .
b + 4A2
4
Ans :
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.
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Since a+1 = +2 and +PQR = +PRQ we get
2+1 = 2+PQR
+1 = +PQR
Also +2 = +QPR common
Thus by AAA Similarity
TPTS ~TPRQ
= 1 # b # PQ
2
or, PQ = 2 $ A ...(1)
b
Due to AA similarity we have
TPNQ ~TPQR
PQ NQ
= ...(2)
PR QR
From TPQR
PQ2 + QR2 = PR2
4A2 + b2 = PR2
b2 Here AB = BC = CA and BD = 1 BC.
4A 2 + b 4 = 4A 2 + b 4 3
PR =
b2 b
In TADP,
Equation (2) becomes AD2 = AP2 + DP2
2A =
NQ = AP2 + ^BP - BD h2
b # PR b
= AP2 + BP2 + BD2 + 2BP $ BD
NQ = 2A From TAPB using AP2 + BP2 = AB2 we have
PR
AD2 = AB2 + b 1 BC l - 2 b BC lb BC l
2
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