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Infinitive + होना
Syntax
Grammar » Verbs
Possession
[-] Particles
Emphatic Particles July 14, 2012

Negative Particles
तो The “infinitive + होना” idiom is very common in Hindi. It has the following form:
भी
यूँ [oblique “agent”] को [infinitive] [form of होना]
ही
[-] Miscellaneous For example: मुझे जाना है, इसको जाना है, हमें जाना होगा, मुझे जाना था
[-] Affixes
वाला In this idiom, if the infinitive has an object, then the infinitive and the form of होना both agree with the object of the infinitive in
Echo Words number and gender. This is analogous to ergative constructions with ने – the agent is “blocked” by the postposition को, so the
Pair Words infinitive agrees with its object instead.
Interjections
Adverbs This idiom has two primary uses:
Conditional Sentences
To express compulsion
[-] Postpositions
To express a want or desire
को
Conjunctions
[-] Verbals
Compulsion
[-] Participles
Verb Stem + रहा
This idiom can be used to express a mild, incidental compulsion or need. It is similar to the English idiom “have to”.
Habitual Participles
Future Participles Examples:
Passive Participles
Perfect Participles मुझे जाना है – “I have to go”
Imperfective Participles
Conjunctive Participles मुझे उन लोगों के आने से पहले पराठे बनाने हैं – I have to make the parathas before they come.
Infinitives
[-] Verbs मुझे उससे बात करनी है – “I have to talk to her”
Participle + जाना
Compulsion Idioms हमें उन लोगों की मदद करनी है – “We have to help them”
Infinitive + होना
Modality अगर तुम उससे बात करना चाहते हो तो तुम्हें िहं दी में बात करनी होगी – “If you want to speak to her, then you’ll have to speak in Hindi”
[-] Mood
Imperative Mood मुझे जाना था – “I had to go”
Presumptive Mood
Subjunctive Mood
Aspect Want
Tense
Negation This idiom is commonly used to express wants or desires rather than needs or compulsions. This is generally only used with the
[-] Idiomatic Verbs present tense. It is somewhat colloquial.
जाना
Examples
चुकना
िमलना
मुझे चाय पीनी है – “I want to drink tea”
चाहना
चािहये
मुझे पराठे खाने हैं – “I want to eat parathas”
सकना
देना
पाना
लगना
होना « Compulsion Idioms Grammar Modality »
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[-] Voice
Passive Voice
Causative Verbs
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Compound Verbs
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[-] Basic Verb Forms

Future Perfect
Divija Sampathi • 5 years ago
Future Continuous
Hi..अगर तुम उससे बात करना चाहते हो तो तुम्हें िहं दी में बात करनी होगी..Can you pls explain why it is 'बात करनी होगी' but not 'baat karna
Future Perfect Continuous
hoga' ..Is 'िहं दी' the object here? If so, it is blocked by the postposition 'में' ..Then how does it become 'बात करनी होगी'..Pls
Past Perfect Continuous
let me know David
Present Perfect Continuous
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Future
Past Perfective hindilanguage.info Mod > Divija Sampathi • 5 years ago • edited

Past Perfect Hi, Divija! That's a great question. In Hindi, infinitives sometimes agree with their object. In the idiom in this article
Present Perfect (infinitive + होना), the infinitive agrees with its object in gender if it has one, and the form of होना likewise agrees in
Past Continuous gender. Also, if an infinitive represents a compound verb (e.g. बात करना), then the infinitive agrees with the noun
part of the compound verb if there is no object or the object is "blocked" by a postposition. Thus, in the example
Present Continuous
"मुझे उससे बात करनी है", करनी is feminine because बात is feminine and the object is "blocked" by a postposition
Past Habitual
(उससे). This works the same way for verbs too; for instance "मैंने उससे बात की". Does this make sense? I know this
Present Habitual seems complicated in explanation, but in practice it is simple, once you have enough experience. I've written an
[-] Adjectives article about infinitives and gender here: http://hindilanguage.info/n...
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Reflexive Adjective
Dorothea Kettler • 8 years ago
Indefinite Adjectives
Interrogative Adjectives हमें उन लोगों की मदद करनी है – “We have to help them”
Shouldn't there be a को (obliquus) instead of the की? If no, can you please explain why you used the की?
Superlative Adjectives
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Comparative Adjectives
[-] Pronouns hindilanguage.info Mod > Dorothea Kettler • 8 years ago
Reflexive Pronouns Hi, Dorothea - that's an excellent question. The की is certainly correct. I have observed people using को; however,
Indefinite Pronouns this not as appropriate as की. The use of को is an assimilation of the most common idiom, which involves को.
Relative Pronouns Certain verbs require postpositions to designate their object. The most common object markers are को, का
Demonstrative Pronouns (inflected), and से. Some verbs do not require their object to be marked with a postposition. Unfortunately,
learning which postpositions correspond to which verbs is mostly a matter of experience. However, there are
Interrogative Pronouns
certain general guidelines that will allow us to predict when to use postpositions with verbs. I will write an article
Personal Pronouns
soon about the use of को that discusses some guidelines. The conjunct verb मदद करना marks its object with the
[-] Nouns postposition की. The postposition is feminine because it modifies मदद, which is a feminine noun ("help" /
Case "assistance"). Most postpositions are invariant, but since का inflects, it changes its form according to the noun of
Gender nominal conjunct verbs. Alternatively, you can think of की as a qualifier; consider the literal English translation of X
की मदद करना: "to do the help of X" / "to do X's help"; की qualifies whose help. Think of this idiom in whichever way
is most convenient. There are many verbal idioms that use का; for instance: X की ज़रूरत होना - "For X to be
GET CONNECTED necessary / needed" - उसकी मदद करने की क्या ज़रूरत है ("What's the need of helping him?" / "Why is it necessary to
help him?"). Also consider X का शौक होना - "to enjoy X, to have a hobby of X" - मुझे पढ़ने का बहुत शौक है ("I have a
hobby of reading" / "I really enjoy reading"). Also, consider X का इस्तेमाल करना - "To use X" - इस सन्दभर् में "को" शब्द का
Mailing List RSS Feed इस्तेमाल करना उिचत होगा ("Would it be appropriate to use the word "को" in this context?"). Let me know if my
explanation makes sense. If you have any further questions, please let me know.
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NEWS
Dorothea Kettler > hindilanguage.info • 8 years ago

JANUARY 8, 2015 Thank you so much for taking time to explain all this! Everything's clear and sound now. :-)
Happy New Year 2015! △ ▽ • Reply • Share ›
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