STATEMENT OF RESERACH PROBLEM

Crime and Punishment: A Sociological Approach.

Crime is on the increase in the whole world. A crime is any act, which breaks the law or fails to
obey some requirement of the law. People engage in crime to end harassment from others, to
seek revenge against those who have wronged them and engage in the crime of illicit drug use to
make themselves feel better. Also, data’s suggest that crime is more common among people who
are dissatisfied with their monetary situation-with such dissatisfaction being higher among
lower-class people. People have a general desire for status and respect. Individuals who are
arrested, prosecuted, and punished are labelled as criminals.

Crime is more likely to occur when it is frequently reinforced and infrequently punished.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

History of Crime and Punishment.

Present day scenario

THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK

Sociological Theories of Crime and Punishment.

1. Strain theory: According to strain theory, people engage in crime to reduce or escape
from the strain they are experiencing. They experience strain or stress, they become
upset, and as a result sometimes engage in crime. Also there are two general categories
of strain that contribute to crime.
2. Social Learning theory: According to social learning theory, people engage in crime
primarily through their association with others. They are reinforced for crime, they learn
beliefs that are favourable to crime, and are exposed to criminal models. As a result, they
view crime as something that is desirable or at least justifiable in certain situations.
3. Control Theory: According to control theory, people do not engage in crime because of
the controls or restraints placed on them.  These controls are barriers to crime and refers
to those factors that prevent them from engaging in crime. People differ in their level of
 control or in the restraints they face to crime. These differences explain differences in
crime: some people are freer to engage in crime than others.
4. Labeling theory: This theory focuses on reaction of the crime.

SIGNIFICANE OF RESERCH PROBLEM

The significance of the study of crime and punishment is that it helps in various aspects. The
study will help a lot the people to understand the problem of crimes and the relationship between
the crime and punishment.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Population of Study:

The study is about the population of world. Different country and regions indulged in crime and
their response towards punishment. That is total population of world, country and region wise.

Method of Data Collection:

The data are secondary as collected from internet which includes statistics of different authorised
journals and magazines. The newspaper articles and reports of various organisations.

CHAPTERIZATION

The research paper will include the following heads and sub heads but are tentative and may
include more subjects.