Chapter 1

“GOOD DAY, WE ARE GROUP 2 AND WE ARE GOING TO PRESENT THE PROPOSED
DESIGN FOR 100 MW COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT LOCATED AT PANDAN, EL
NIDO, PALAWAN.
- The country’s economic growth is dependent on the availability of energy. Since the demand is

constantly increasing, energy is imperative for the process of economic development where some

industrial plants require high energy consumption for their production. Energy is produce by

utilization of natural resources; it can be either renewable or non-renewable energy. Electricity is

coupled for sustainable development and growth of an economy.

Philippines is a promising economy, when it comes to energy use and conventional fuels,

which is oil and gas, are the main source for the demand of energy. Based on the 2011

Philippines primary energy consumption, the consumption of oil was 31%, coal was 20%,

geothermal was 22%, biomass was 12%, hydro was 6%, and other renewable energy like biofuel,

solar and wind, was 1%. However, in terms of generation of electricity, the demand in electricity

for geothermal is 41.4%, coal is 28%, hydro is 11.4%, natural gas is 15% and for biofuel, solar

and wind is 0.1%. In power generation in terms of mounted capacity, 63.2% is Hydro,

geothermal is 35.1%, biomass is 1.1%, wind is 0.6% and solar is 0.1%.

CURRENT ENERGY IN THE PHILIPPINES

*Yung 2016 vs 2017 Electricity Sales and Consumption

Tas are ang explanation don

- Moreover, electricity consumption in the Philippines increased according to Department

of Energy to 94,370 GWh and the total peak demand was recorded 3% higher than in 2016, from
13, 272 MW it increased to 13,789 MW in 2017. However, in terms of installed capacity, the

total power supply, increased by 6.1% from 21,425 MW to 22,730. To the country’s supply base

in 2017, new capacities were added, a total of 835 MW which include 1MW of hydropower, 77

MW of oil-based, 127 MW of solar, and 630 MW of coal-fired. Nonetheless, in terms of share

by grid, 392 MW or 47% is contributed by Luzon, 337 MW or 40% by Mindanao and 106 MW

or 3% by Visayas.

- Philippines, according to the types of fuels being used, has different types of power

plant, source of power can be a renewable and non-renewable. A renewable power source plant

comprises Wind Power Plant, Geothermal Power Plant, Biomass Power Plant, Solar/Photovoltaic

Power Plant, and Hydroelectric Power Plant Solar/Photovoltaic Power Plant. However, taking

into account of plants that uses Oil, Natural gas, Diesel, Coal and Oil it considers as non-

renewable power source.

Rationale

Palawan is known for its beautiful nature. It has a total area of 5,656.29 square miles and it has

23 municipalities and 367 barangays. Although, tourists can enjoy untouched sceneries in

Palawan without demanding for the need in electricity, business owners and residents are having

crisis in power that mainland deficiently experienced. However, some areas in the province

experience power interruptions where they implement rotational blackouts that at times last as

ten hours. Palawan is not connected to national grid and from the diesel fuel transported from the

other countries they just depend on.

----KULANG PA NG REASON
This brings up the proposed design project, 100 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant for ease of

electricity transmission to the target area to be supplied. This design project focuses on the

design of a combined cycle power plant. This will be located in Pandan E;l Nido Palawan. The

designated location is chosen because the source of fuel, which is the natural gas, is taken from

Malampaya natural gas pipeline that snakes its way from off shore plant to the area of Batangas

and also the area is almost beach sides and but the development of the plant will be ensured to be

environmental friendly and will comply as much as possible to the laws implemented in the area.

THE NATURAL GAS WILL BE COLLECTED FROM THE MALAMPAYA NATURAL GAS

PIPELINE WHICH SERVES AS THE MAIN FUEL SOURCE OF THE PROPOSED POWER

PLANT.

(INSERT PIC OF MALAMPAYA GAS PIPELINE)

A combined cycle power plants are highly efficient, reliable, cost-effective and

environmentally friendly solutions to generate energy. To increase the overall efficiency of

electric power plants, multiple processes can be combined to recover and utilize the residual heat

energy in hot exhaust gases. Distinctively, a combined-cycle power plant uses both a gas and a

steam turbine or combining of multiple thermodynamic cycles to generate power, where gas

turbine generates electricity while the waste heat from the gas turbine is used to make steam to

generate additional electricity by means of a steam turbine.

LOAD SURVEY!

(INSERT TABLE 1)
This table shows the corresponding number and type of target consumers under in the areas

covered by the proposed 100 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant. BASED ON THE TABLE 1,

THE TOTAL CONSUMERS DISTRIBUTED BY PALECO IS 119 320

(INSERT TABLE 2)

The data on table 2 shows the corresponding energy sales in every municipalities covered

by the 100 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant. The main contributor on energy sales is the Narra

which is about 45,460.07 MWh, while Cagayancillo Island has the lowest energy sales, 306.44

MWh. The total energy sales of the 8 municipalities is 91,164.97 MWh.

LOAD PROJECTION

This table shows the calculations in obtaining the projected load demand for the next

consecutive years. The total local demand in 2018 taken from Palawan Electric Cooperative, Inc.

will be multiplied to the system loss which is 11.40%, and then the system loss will be added to

the said local demand. The sum of it will be multiply to the demand annual average growth rate,

9.17% or equivalent to 1.0917 based from the DOE.

Based on the table, the projected load demand was started from 2018 up to 2027. The

table shows that the 100MW Combined Cycle Power Plant will reach its limit in supplying local

demand in year 2028. Additional equipment will be needed in the said year due to the higher

load demand of the customer.

CHAPTER 2
(FEELING MATALINO DAPAT TAYO DITO!)

The main thrust of the project is to design a combined cycle power plant which has a plant

capacity of 100 MW located at El Nido, Palawan. Specifically, this study aims to:

(INSERT MGA OBJECTIVESSSS!)

To increase the overall efficiency of power plants, a combined cycle power plant can be

established by utilizing the residual heat energy produced in the exhaust of the power plant. This

produces more electricity and creates more power compared to a traditional cycle plant.

Di ko na alam kung pano dadagdagan HAAHAHA ADLIB nalang. Matalino naman tayo!

Chapter 3
Overview

A combined cycle power plant, also called combined cycle gas turbine is a plant which

generates electricity using a gas turbine generator and recovers the waste heat to produce a steam

that can be used as an additional source of power.

Working principle

A COMBINDED CYCLE POWER PLANT USES BOTH A GAS AND A STEAM

TURBINE TOGETEHER TO PRODUCE 50 PERCENT MORE ELECTRICITY FROM THE

SAME FUEL THAN A TRADITIONAL SIMPLE CYCLE PLANT. THE WASTE HEAT

FROM THE GAS TURBINE IS ROUTED TO THE NEARBY STEAM TURBINE WHICH

GENERATES EXTRA POWER.

IN THE PROPOSED PROJECT OF 100MW COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT,

Equipment Used in Combined Cycle Power Plant ( wala ako matagtag, lahat importante,

SURE PASS)

a) Gas Turbine

The gas turbine is an essential component in establishing power plant. It is used to

transform a combustible fuel into a usable mechanical energy.

b) Steam Turbine

This type of turbine is driven by a superheated steam, the exhaust gas from the gas

turbine is utilized on the heat recovery steam generator to heat the circulating water and

transformed it into superheated steam.

A combustion chamber is a space of the combustion engine where the ignition is

done.

Air Compressor

The air compressor is the provider of vast amount of pressurized-air to the engine. It

compresses the air and supply the engine to easily combust when mixing with fuel.

Heat Recovery Steam Generator

A heat recovery steam turbine is a connection between gas turbine and steam turbine. It

recovers heat from the exhaust gas of turbine and utilized it to heat and transform flowing

purified water in tubes into steam.

c) Condenser

A steam condenser is a device used to convert the low pressured steam released on the

turbine into condensed water.

 g) Pump

The pump is essentially used to conveyed liquid from a source into a desired

distance.

h) Flash tank

The flash tank acts as separator of condensate and the flash steam. It helps in

reducing the pressure of steam and allows the high-pressure to condensate.

TAS ANG SUNOD EH FUEL USED

In our proposed design project 100 MW combined cycle power plant, we used natural

gas. Natural gas is usually used to power a combined cycle power plant, although other fuels

such as synthetic gas, coal and fuel oil can be used.

In our proposed design project, we consider three design

option to be evaluated.
Design option 1. (insert pic nalang nung deisgn tas TS DIAGRAM) tas ididscuss ni vince.

THE FIGURES PRESENTED IN THE SLIDE ARE THE SCHEMATIC AND THE T-S

DIAGRAM OF DESIGN NUMBER 1. DESIGN OPTION NO. 1 USES THE COMBINATION

OF BRAYTON CYCLE FOR THE GAS TURBINE AND SINGLE STAGE REGENERATIVE

CYCE FOR THE STEAM TURBINE. REGENERATIVE CYCLE SETUPS ARE KNOWN TO

INCREASE THE OVERALL EFFICIENCY OF THE POWER PLANT.

---DATAS PRESENTED ARE THE SPECIFICATION OF THE MAJOR EQUIPMENTS

USED IN THE COMBINED CYCLE

---AFTER CACULATION OF THE PARAMETERS AND VALUES, DESIGN NO. 1

HARNESSSED AN OVERALL EFFICIENCY OF 56.92%

as insert spec ng mga equipment. ( COPY PASTE LANG)

Tas summary of calculations, nakatable. ( YUNG MGA EFFICIENCY )

DESIGN 2 AND 3 GANON DIN !!!

CHAPTER 4444444.!!!

Bahala na. HAHAHAHAH ANG HABA inaantaok na ako! GHAHAHAHAH

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

This chapter presents the economic analysis of the design options for the proposed 100

MW Combined Cycle Power Plant including the capital expenses, operating expenses, and the

total project cost. The Net Present Value, Payback Period and Rate of Investment will also be

presented.

1. Land Costs

The plant location is at El Nido, Palawan. It has a total land area of 3 hectares.

2. Mechanical Equipment and I&C Supply and Installation

This includes the gas turbine, steam turbine, generators, pumps, condensers, electrical

transformers, switchgear, motor, control centers, switchyards, distributed control systems (DCS)

and instrumentation and electrical commodities such as wire, cable tray and lighting.

3. Civil and Structural Costs

It consists of the allowance for site preparation including clearings, roads, drainage, underground

utilities, installation, concrete for the foundations, pilling material, structural steel supply and
installation and buildings. Building cost is approximately 33% of the equipment cost based on

the “Power Plant Theory and Theory” written by Potter.

4. Electrical Costs

Electrical cost is assumed to be 20% of the equipment costs.

5. Cost of the Owner

It consists of the development costs, preliminary feasibility and engineering studies,

environmental studies and permitting, legal fees, project management, insurance costs,

infrastructure connection cost and the contingency of the owner and property taxes during

construction. It is assumed to be 10% of the equipment cost.

According to Rajput book entitled “Power System Engineering”, the useful life of a typical

power plant has a range of 25-30 years. The salvage value is assumed to be 5% of the capital

expenditures.

Design option 1.

Pwede naming siguro itable o nakasummary nalang para mas maliit.

YUNG SA DESIGN OPTION 1.

Economic Indicators ANNUAL COST ($)

Annual Revenue $ 147,113,147.2
Annual Plant Depreciation $ 5,004,044.092
Net Present Value $ 841,009,586.5
Payback Period 2 years
Rate of Return 48.35505674%
Sensitivity Analysis (Net Present Value) $1,160,384,197
YUNG SA DESIGN OPTION 2.

Economic Indicators ANNUAL COST ($)

Annual Revenue $ 135,315,228.3
Annual Plant Depreciation $ 5,076,152.575
Net Present Value $ 774,784,865.6
Payback Period 2
Rate of Return 44.61246335%
Sensitivity Analysis (Net Present Value) $1,066,576,716

YUNG SA DESIGN OPTION 3.

Economic Indicators ANNUAL COST ($)

Annual Revenue $ 81, 801,775.12
Annual Plant Depreciation $ 5,333,771.758
Net Present Value $ 41,304,740
Payback Period 16.5
Rate of Return 5.721973254%
Sensitivity Analysis (Net Present Value) $141,163,266.2

TABLE-MASTER LOUIE

THIS TABLE SHOW THE PROJECT SCHEDULE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE

PROPOSED COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT. THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN

WILL BE CONDUCTED ON THE YEAR 2019. THE OVER ALL PERMITING ACTIVITIES,

DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN AND DESIGN REVIEW WILL BE CONDUCTED

STARTING FROM THE 3RD QUARTER OF 2019 UNTIL THE 2 ND QUARTER OF 2022.

CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION REVIEW WILL BE DONE STARTING FROM

THE 4TH QUARTER OF 2020 UNTIL THE 2ND QUARTER OF 2023. SYNCHRONIZATION
AND POWER PLANT TESTING WILL BE CONDUCTED STARTING FROM THE 3 RD

QUARTER OF 2023 UNTIL 2ND QUARTER OF 2025.