CONTINUOUS

DATA

Data
No collected in Yes
subgroups?

Individual
Moving Range
(IMR)
Subgroup
size <10 Subgroup
Size

X Bar R
 CONTROL CHARTS

ATTRIBUTE
DATA

What are
you
counting?

Subgroup
Subgroup size >10
Defective Items
Size

X Bar S

Subgroup
No Size Yes
constant?

p chart np chart
ATTRIBUTE
DATA

What are
you
counting?

Defect per unit

Subgroup
No Size Yes
constant?

U chart C chart
 pH
6.05 A liquid detergent company wants to assess whether its process is in control.
The company makes the liquid detergent in batches by mixing together a
5.99 number of ingredients. The quality characteristic of interest is the pH value for
6.11 each batch. Measurements of the pH value for 25 consecutive batches were
6.13 taken.
5.87
6.05
6.23
6.49
6.15
5.89
5.87
5.99
6.07
6.17
5.86
6.07
6.01
5.87
5.66
5.58
5.62
5.89
6.02
5.93
6.05
Length
601.4
601.6 You work at an automobile engine assembly plant. One of the parts, a camshaft, must be 600 mm +2 m
chronic problem with camshaft length being out of specification, which causes poor-fitting assemblie
598
wants to run X and R charts to monitor this characteristic, so for a month, you collect a total of 100 o
601.4 camshafts used at the plant, and 100 observations from each
599.4
600
600.2 Subgroup Size 5
601.2
598.4
599
601.2
601
600.8
597.6
601.6
599.4
601.2
598.4
599.2
598.8
601.4
599
601
601.6
601.4
601.4
598.8
601.4
598.4
601.6
598.8
601.2
599.6
601.2
598.2
598.8
597.8
598.2
598.2
598.2
601.2
600
598.8
599.4
597.2
600.8
600.6
599.6
599.4
598
600.8
597.8
599.2
599.2
600.6
598
598
598.8
601
600.8
598.8
599.4
601
598.8
599.6
599
600.4
598.4
602.2
601
601.4
601
601.2
601.4
601.8
601.6
601
600.2
599
601.2
601.2
601.2
601.2
601
601
601.4
601.4
598.8
598.8
598.8
598.2
601.8
601
601.4
601.4
599
601.4
601.8
601.6
601.2
 1
1 601.4
mshaft, must be 600 mm +2 mm long to meet engineering specifications. There has been a 2 601.6
causes poor-fitting assemblies, resulting in high scrap and rework rates. Your supervisor
3 598
nth, you collect a total of 100 observations (20 samples of 5 camshafts each) from all the
d 100 observations from each of your suppliers. 4 601.4
5 599.4

600.36
598
601.6
3.6

#REF!

#REF!
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
600 601.2 599.4 601.4 601.4 598.8 598.8 601.2 600.8 600.8
600.2 601 601.2 599 598.8 601.2 597.8 600 600.6 597.8
601.2 600.8 598.4 601 601.4 599.6 598.2 598.8 599.6 599.2
598.4 597.6 599.2 601.6 598.4 601.2 598.2 599.4 599.4 599.2
599 601.6 598.8 601.4 601.6 598.2 598.2 597.2 598 600.6

599.76 600.44 599.4 600.88 600.32 599.8 598.24 599.32 599.68 599.52
598.4 597.6 598.4 599 598.4 598.2 597.8 597.2 598 597.8
601.2 601.6 601.2 601.6 601.6 601.2 598.8 601.2 600.8 600.8
2.8 4 2.8 2.6 3.2 3 1 4 2.8 3
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
598 598.8 599 601.4 601.6 601.2 601.4 598.2 599
598 599.4 600.4 601 601 601.2 601.4 601.8 601.4
598.8 601 598.4 601.2 600.2 601.2 598.8 601 601.8
601 598.8 602.2 601.4 599 601 598.8 601.4 601.6
600.8 599.6 601 601.8 601.2 601 598.8 601.4 601.2

599.32 599.52 600.2 601.36 600.6 601.12 599.84 600.76 601 600.072
598 598.8 598.4 601 599 601 598.8 598.2 599
601 601 602.2 601.8 601.6 601.2 601.4 601.8 601.8
3 2.2 3.8 0.8 2.6 0.2 2.6 3.6 2.8 2.72
Weight
3.0469
3.0555
3.0627 A canning company wants to assess whether its can-filling process is in control. The company collected
3.0412 samples from a subgroup size of 10 cans across two shifts for a single day's production.
3.0473 To minimize the within-subgroup (can-to-can) variation, the 10 samples for a given subgroup were
2.9739 gathered in a short period of time.
3.0609
3.0023
2.9813
3.043
3.0467 Subgroup Size 10
3.0465
3.0296
3.0701
2.985
3.0135
3.0308
2.9942
2.9724
3.0398
3.0532
3.0098
2.9927
3.0323
2.9549
3.0109
3.0142
3.0069
3.0436
3.0196
3.0232
3.0334
3.0352
3.0476
3.014
3.0077
2.9686
3.0354
2.989
3.0119
3.037
3.0111
3.0316
3.0774
3.0161
3.0188
3.0339
2.9885
3.0423
3.0182
3.0234
3.0749
3.0451
3.0165
3.0283
3.0432
3.0652
3.0331
3.0412
3.0218
3.0568
3.0373
3.058
3.0918
3.0156
3.0572
3.0775
3.0104
2.9942
3.0604
3.0703
3.0506
3.0102
3.0335
3.0248
3.0753
3.0023
3.0193
3.068
3.0674
3.0113
3.0469
3.0592
3.0604
3.0258
3.0646
3.0459
3.0532
3.0347
 2.995
3.0322
3.0289
3.0165
3.0494
3.0399
3.024
3.0216
3.048
3.059
3.0135
3.0469
3.0558
3.0627
3.0412
3.0473
3.0545
3.0627
3.0231
3.0503
3.0498
3.0844
3.0368
3.0512
3.0263
3.0687
3.0726
3.0919
3.0237
3.0381
3.0495
3.0423
3.0515
3.0548
3.0437
3.089
3.0562
3.0544
3.0579
3.0127
3.0768
3.0162
3.0411
3.0971
3.0682
3.0555
3.0327
3.043
3.0372
3.0701
3.0371
3.0497
3.0746
3.0541
3.0664
3.0781
3.0881
3.0459
3.0524
3.0143
3.0713
ontrol. The company collected 15
single day's production.

les for a given subgroup were

 1 2 3 4 5
1 3.0469 3.0467 3.0532 3.0232 3.037
2 3.0555 3.0465 3.0098 3.0334 3.0111
3 3.0627 3.0296 2.9927 3.0352 3.0316
4 3.0412 3.0701 3.0323 3.0476 3.0774
5 3.0473 2.985 2.9549 3.014 3.0161
6 2.9739 3.0135 3.0109 3.0077 3.0188
7 3.0609 3.0308 3.0142 2.9686 3.0339
8 3.0023 2.9942 3.0069 3.0354 2.9885
9 2.9813 2.9724 3.0436 2.989 3.0423
10 3.043 3.0398 3.0196 3.0119 3.0182

3.0315 3.02286 3.01381 3.0166 3.02749

0.0330276 0.030989 0.0274932 0.0239444 0.0234264
 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
3.0234 3.0568 3.0703 3.0113 3.0322 3.0469 3.0844 3.0423 3.0162 3.0497
3.0749 3.0373 3.0506 3.0469 3.0289 3.0558 3.0368 3.0515 3.0411 3.0746
3.0451 3.058 3.0102 3.0592 3.0165 3.0627 3.0512 3.0548 3.0971 3.0541
3.0165 3.0918 3.0335 3.0604 3.0494 3.0412 3.0263 3.0437 3.0682 3.0664
3.0283 3.0156 3.0248 3.0258 3.0399 3.0473 3.0687 3.089 3.0555 3.0781
3.0432 3.0572 3.0753 3.0646 3.024 3.0545 3.0726 3.0562 3.0327 3.0881
3.0652 3.0775 3.0023 3.0459 3.0216 3.0627 3.0919 3.0544 3.043 3.0459
3.0331 3.0104 3.0193 3.0532 3.048 3.0231 3.0237 3.0579 3.0372 3.0524
3.0412 2.9942 3.068 3.0347 3.059 3.0503 3.0381 3.0127 3.0701 3.0143
3.0218 3.0604 3.0674 2.995 3.0135 3.0498 3.0495 3.0768 3.0371 3.0713

3.03927 3.04592 3.04217 3.0397 3.0333 3.04943 3.05432 3.05393 3.04982 3.05949
0.0189413 0.0309726 0.0274374 0.0229108 0.0152664 0.0115051 0.0239993 0.0203321 0.0232947 0.0210354
3.03864
0.02364
Subgroups Unanswered Calls
250 25
257 27
260 27 A telephone service center wants to assess whether its call answering system is i
The total number of incoming calls and the number of unanswered calls were r
256 27 for 21 days. Each unanswered call is a defective.
259 28
259 22
250 21
260 30
254 24
253 27
251 15
254 20
251 24
256 31
255 22
249 21
257 22
252 21
258 20
252 30
249 27
all answering system is in control.
unanswered calls were recorded
s a defective.
Shift Inspected Defectives
1 500 5
2 500 8 A manufacturer of light bulbs wants to assess whether o
3 500 13 The engineer tests 500 light bulbs each hour for three 8-hour shifts an
1 500 11 light (defectives).
2 500 8
3 500 6
1 500 5 Subgroup / Lot Size 500
2 500 3
3 500 1
1 500 6
2 500 4
3 500 12
1 500 6
2 500 8
3 500 13
1 500 17
2 500 4
3 500 5
1 500 4
2 500 9
3 500 7
1 500 2
2 500 3
3 500 6
ants to assess whether or not its process is in control.
for three 8-hour shifts and records the number of bulbs that did not
light (defectives).
No Inspected (ft) Wallpaper Defects
1 100 24
2 100 28 A wallpaper manufacturer wants to assess the stability of its
3 100 36 printing process. Samples of 100 feet were taken from 25
4 100 47 wallpaper rolls and the number of blemishes, which include prin
smears, pattern distortions, and missing ink, were counted.
5 100 23
6 100 26
7 100 29
8 100 45
9 100 48
10 100 32
11 100 45
12 100 56
13 100 58
14 100 41
15 100 25
16 100 38
17 100 21
18 100 29
19 100 38
20 100 32
21 100 45
22 100 42
23 100 26
24 100 38
25 100 45
nts to assess the stability of its
100 feet were taken from 25
of blemishes, which include print
nd missing ink, were counted.
Pages - Subgroup Typo Errors - Defects
30 3
24 4 A stenographic company wants to assess the quality of its t
23 2 the number of typographical errors for each set. Each s
25 6 Typographica
32 5
30 18
24 6
30 5
27 10
24 4
30 4
32 7
26 5
31 8
24 5
27 7
27 4
30 17
32 5
24 8
26 6
32 8
30 9
24 5
25 3
o assess the quality of its transcription service. They sampled 25 sets of pages and counted
errors for each set. Each set had a different number of pages, so the sample size varies.
Typographical errors are defects.